反身代詞的定義: 反身代詞是一種表示反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞。它的基本含義是: 通過反身代詞指代主語,使施動(dòng)者把動(dòng)作在形式上反射到施動(dòng)者自己。因此,反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關(guān)系,在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。 反身代詞的句法功能: (1)用作同位語(加強(qiáng)被修飾詞的語氣,緊放在被修飾名詞后,或句末): 如:The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重。 You yourself said so./ You said so yourself. 你自己是這樣說的。 (2)用作賓語(動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語): Take good care of yourself. 照顧好自己。 She could not make herself understood. 她不能使別人聽懂她的話。 (3)用作表語: The poor boy was myself. 那個(gè)可憐的孩子就是我自己。 The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我們自己。 有時(shí)用于be, feel, seem, look 等后作表語表示身體或精神處于正常狀態(tài): I'm not quite myself these days. 我近來身體不大舒服。 I'll be myself again in no time.我過一會(huì)兒就會(huì)好的。 (4)用作主語: 在現(xiàn)代英語中,反身代詞一般不能獨(dú)立用作主語,但是它卻可以借助and,or,nor等連詞與其他名詞一起構(gòu)成并列主語(且位于并列主語的后部),以及用于某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)(如as...as等): My brother and myself went there yesterday.昨天我兄弟和我一起去了那兒。 Jim's sister and himself get up at six everyday.吉姆的妹妹和他每天6點(diǎn)起床。 He was as anxious as myself. 他和我一樣擔(dān)心。 反身代詞人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)比: 反身代詞的基本形式: 反身代詞是oneself 根據(jù)所指詞的人稱、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)等的變化可以有myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等形式。 oneself 與 himself: 當(dāng)one指人時(shí),其相應(yīng)的反身代詞通常用oneself,在美國(guó)英語中也可用 himself:One should not praise oneself[himself].一個(gè)人不應(yīng)該自吹自擂。 反身代詞知識(shí)體系: 反身代詞用法拓展: 1、反身代詞不能做主語,但可作主語同位語,放在主語后或句末。 錯(cuò):Myself went to the cinema. 對(duì):I went to the cinema myself. 2、反身代詞可以作賓語的同位語。如:You can go and ask John himself. 你可以去問約翰本人。 3、反身代詞可以作介詞的賓語,如:by oneself 全靠自己 She learnt swimming all by herself. 她是自學(xué)游泳的。 She said to herself,"Who am I?" 她自言自語的說:“我是誰?” 4、反身代詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語。如:enjoy oneself 玩得高興;help oneself (to) 隨便用..... hurt oneself 傷害自己; teach oneself 自學(xué);get dressed oneself 自己穿衣。 |
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