反身代詞是一種表示反射或強調的代詞。它的基本含義是:通過反身代詞指代主語,使施動者把動作在形式上反射到施動者自己。因此,反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關系,在人稱、性質、數(shù)上保持一致。比如:我自己、你自己、他自己、我們自己等等。這就是反身代詞。 1.反身代詞作句中賓語時,表示動作返回到主語本身?;蛘哒f,句子的主語和賓語是同一個人或物。例如: He hurt himself.(作動詞賓語) Dick bought himself a new coat.(作間接賓語) I heard Jane talk to herself.(作介詞賓語) 2. 強調用法 反身代詞用作同位語時,在句中起強調作用,其位置也比較靈活。例如: I went to see the mayor myself.(強調主語) We spoke to the mayor himself.(強調賓語) The mayor himself met us at the door.(緊隨主語之后) The mayor met us at the door himself.(在句末) 3. 使用反身代詞時的常見錯誤 反身代詞一般不可用作句子中的主語、表語或定語。如: * Ourselves can do it.(誤作主語) We can do it ourselves. 我們自己能干。 * I could hardly imagine that the car was himself.(誤作表語) I could hardly imagine that the car was his own. 簡直難以想象那汽車是他自己的。 * That's myself problem.(誤作定語) That's a problem of my own.那是我自己的問題。 注意:在少數(shù)習慣表達中反身代詞可不受語法限制。 I'm not myself today. (我今天不在狀態(tài)/感覺不好。) In office myself, I helped her get a job. (我?guī)退谖易约旱霓k公室找了一份工作。) · 反身代詞不能做主語,但可作主語同位語,放在主語后或句末。如: 我自己去了電影院。 錯:Myself went to the cinema . 對:I went to the cinema myself. · 反身代詞可以作賓語的同位語 You can go and ask John himself.翻譯:你可以去問約翰本人。 · 反身代詞可以作介詞的賓語。 by oneself 全靠自己; say to oneself 自言自語。 She learnt swimming all by herself. 她是自學游泳的。 She said to herself,'Who am I?' 她自言自語的說:'我是誰?' · 反身代詞作動詞的賓語 enjoy oneself 玩得高興; help oneself (to) 隨便用……; hurt oneself 傷害自己; teach oneself 自學; get dressed oneself 自己穿衣 seat oneself 就坐 |
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