楊俊 博士 加拿大醫(yī)學(xué)影像博士。研究領(lǐng)域主要在定量影像、核醫(yī)學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)物理。歸國(guó)前,在加拿大Robarts research institute獲得了博士學(xué)位并擔(dān)任研究員,曾是加拿大國(guó)家研究院訪(fǎng)問(wèn)研究員。從事腦卒中,認(rèn)知障礙和阿茲海默癥影像和治療的臨床和試驗(yàn)科研工作,博士期間加入了加拿大多中心和加拿大-歐洲急性缺血性腦卒中聯(lián)合項(xiàng)目,參與設(shè)計(jì)一站式多模態(tài)CT在急性腦卒中的影像方案。現(xiàn)任GE Healthcare高級(jí)應(yīng)用科學(xué)家,設(shè)計(jì)并聯(lián)合開(kāi)發(fā)了CT灌注影像處理軟件CT Kinetics (CK), 致力于腦卒中多模態(tài)CT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化以及神經(jīng)影像的科研應(yīng)用。 點(diǎn)擊文末“閱讀原文”查看文獻(xiàn)全文 Association Between CT Angiogram Collaterals and CT Perfusion in the Interventional Management of Stroke III Trial Achala Vagal, MD. MS; Bijoy K. Menon, MD; Lydia D. Foster, MS; Anthony Livorine, MD; Sharon D. Yeatts, PhD; Emmad Qazi, BS; Chris d’ Esterre, PhD; Junzi Shi, MD; Andrew M. Demchuk, MD: Michael D. Hill, MD, MSc; David S. Liebeskind, MD; Thomas Tomsick, MD; Mayank Goyal, MD Stoke. 2016;47:535-538 CTA側(cè)枝循環(huán)與CTP(CT灌注)缺血信息的關(guān)聯(lián)性 – 對(duì)于IMS-III腦卒中臨床試驗(yàn)的病患篩查 (ESCAPE/IMS Trial組委,加拿大卡爾加里大學(xué))
背景簡(jiǎn)要: 在急性缺血性腦卒中(AIS)里,側(cè)枝循環(huán)的好壞可以直接影響到缺血半暗帶(tissue at risk)的大小以及核心梗死(ischemic core或infarct)的進(jìn)展。AIS動(dòng)脈機(jī)械取栓前,側(cè)枝循環(huán),缺血半暗帶和核心梗死因素應(yīng)該被考慮在病人的篩查和治療方案管理中。本文在IMS-III期隨機(jī)開(kāi)放性試驗(yàn)中,利用CTP(CT灌注)和CTA(CT血管造影)的多模態(tài)CT影像,來(lái)探究CTA側(cè)枝循環(huán)在AIS病患的機(jī)械取栓篩查中與CTP血流動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)的相關(guān)性。
實(shí)驗(yàn)方法和重要結(jié)果: 在IMS-III期試驗(yàn)中(總共656名試驗(yàn)對(duì)象),95名病患被納入本研究,并接受多模態(tài)CT影像 (CTP+CTA)檢查?;€(xiàn)CTA證實(shí)了53名病患具有前循環(huán)大血管閉塞,即ICA,M1及M2段閉塞。在這些患者中,同時(shí)進(jìn)行的CTP檢查用以分析和量化缺血半暗帶,核心梗死大小和不匹配率。CTP圖像全部由具備延遲不敏感算法的商業(yè)軟件進(jìn)行半自動(dòng)處理。運(yùn)動(dòng)位移,動(dòng)靜脈輸入,時(shí)間-增強(qiáng)動(dòng)態(tài)曲線(xiàn)等都進(jìn)行半自動(dòng)處理。缺血半暗帶被定義為T(mén)max(達(dá)峰反應(yīng)時(shí)間)> 6s的區(qū)域,核心梗死被定義為T(mén)max> 6s 和relative CBF(相對(duì)血流速,與正常對(duì)側(cè)相比值)小于30%的雙閾值區(qū)域。通過(guò)這些閾值定義,缺血半暗帶,核心梗死體積以及缺血區(qū)不匹配率被計(jì)算出來(lái)。CTA圖像結(jié)果劃分軟腦膜的側(cè)枝循環(huán)覆蓋區(qū)域?yàn)?個(gè)灌注分區(qū)(前-中動(dòng)脈區(qū)域和中-后動(dòng)脈區(qū)域),每個(gè)灌注區(qū)域做6分評(píng)分(0-5分,0分最差,指示無(wú)側(cè)枝顯示;5分指示為正常或增加側(cè)枝),CTA側(cè)枝循環(huán)總評(píng)分為兩個(gè)分區(qū)的評(píng)分總和,劃分為好(總和8-10分),良(總和6-7分),差(總和0-5分)三個(gè)級(jí)別的評(píng)分。 在總共656名AIS試驗(yàn)患者中,104人接受了基線(xiàn)CTP檢查,其中85人接受了CTP+CTA檢查,53個(gè)病患(53/85或62.4%)被證實(shí)是大腦中動(dòng)脈M1/M2段和頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈ICA段閉塞。使用Kruskal-Wallis和Spearman相關(guān)性統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,本試驗(yàn)證實(shí)了good CTA collateral(側(cè)枝循環(huán)評(píng)分8-10分)病人具有較小的核心梗死體積和較大的不匹配區(qū)域比例。其中側(cè)枝循環(huán)評(píng)分與梗死核心大小呈中度負(fù)相關(guān),而與不匹配區(qū)域的缺血半暗帶指針呈正相關(guān)。低灌注區(qū)域體積(hypoperfused volume)與側(cè)枝循環(huán)狀態(tài)尚未顯示足夠關(guān)聯(lián)性(Table 2及圖例)。核心梗死大小未能區(qū)分好與良,良與差之間的側(cè)枝循環(huán)狀態(tài)。 結(jié)論: 良好的CTA側(cè)枝循環(huán)能夠反映較好的CTP不匹配比例和較低的核心梗死體積的關(guān)聯(lián)性。通過(guò)其相關(guān)性,CTA與CTP都可以反映出關(guān)于缺血組織的生物活性狀態(tài)。
原文Abstract: Background and Purpose—Collateral flow can determine ischemic core and tissue at risk. Using the Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) III trial data, we explored the relationship between computed tomography angiogram (CTA) collateral status and CT perfusion (CTP) parameters. Methods—Baseline CTA collaterals were trichotomized as good, intermediate, and poor, and CTP studies were analyzed to quantify ischemic core, tissue at risk, and mismatch ratios. Kruskal–Wallis and Spearman tests were used to measure the strength of association and correlation between CTA collaterals and CTP parameters. Results—A total of 95 patients had diagnostic CTP studies in the IMS III trial. Of these, 53 patients had M1/M2 middle cerebral artery±intracranial internal carotid artery occlusion, where baseline CTA collateral grading was performed. CTA collaterals were associated with smaller CTP measured ischemic core volume (P=0.0078) and higher mismatch (P=0.0004). There was moderate negative correlation between collaterals and core (rs=?0.45; 95% confidence interval, ?0.64 to ?0.20) and moderate positive correlation between collaterals and mismatch (rs=0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.29–0.71). Conclusion—Better collaterals were associated with smaller ischemic core and higher mismatch in the IMS III trial. Collateral assessment and perfusion imaging identify the same biological construct about ischemic tissue sustenance. 點(diǎn)擊文末“閱讀原文”查看文獻(xiàn)全文 Volume Perfusion CT Imaging of Cerebral Vasospasm: Diagnostic Performance of Different Perfusion Maps
Ahmed E. Othman· Saif Afat· Omid Nikoubashman· Marguerite Muller· Gerrit Alexander Schubert· George Bier· Marc A. Brockmann· Martin Wiesmann· Carolin Brockmann Neuroradiology (2016) 58:787-792 蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血后的血管痙攣CTP(CT灌注)影像 – CTP灌注圖像的診斷性能評(píng)估 背景簡(jiǎn)要: 大腦血管痙攣通常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在破裂動(dòng)脈瘤造成的蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血(SAH)之后,并引起遲發(fā)性腦缺血(delayed cerebral ischemic-DCI),DCI會(huì)造成更嚴(yán)重的神經(jīng)機(jī)能和認(rèn)知缺失。血管痙攣有可能發(fā)生在SAH之后的第2-14天內(nèi),所以盡早的探測(cè)/預(yù)測(cè)出現(xiàn)血管痙攣的這類(lèi)病人,在治療和病人預(yù)后管理中至關(guān)重要。CTP(CT灌注)影像能夠提供多種定量的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)信息,可用以監(jiān)測(cè)早期血管痙攣。本試驗(yàn)利用CTP成像,評(píng)估了不同定量參數(shù)對(duì)SAH病人出現(xiàn)血管痙攣的診斷性能。
實(shí)驗(yàn)方法和重要結(jié)果: 在本試驗(yàn)中,從2011年3月到2014年5月一共納入了26名因動(dòng)脈瘤破裂引起的SAH病人(6.7±2.6天后),這些病人都在發(fā)現(xiàn)癥狀6小時(shí)內(nèi)接受了CTP和DSA。其中10個(gè)動(dòng)脈瘤位于前交通動(dòng)脈,7個(gè)位于大腦中動(dòng)脈,5個(gè)位于顱內(nèi)頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈,4個(gè)位于基底動(dòng)脈上。每個(gè)病患都實(shí)施了動(dòng)脈瘤彈簧圈和夾閉手術(shù),其中10個(gè)病患具有多個(gè)動(dòng)脈瘤。VPCT(CT灌注)的造影劑團(tuán)注和鹽水追注速率為5mL/s。180mAs,80kV,以1.5s時(shí)間分辨率進(jìn)行45s動(dòng)態(tài)采集。層厚重建為10mm。定量參數(shù)CBF,CBV,MTT,TTD均由去卷積算法得出。TTD被定義為T(mén)TS+MTT(起始時(shí)間+平均通過(guò)時(shí)間)。半自動(dòng)圖像分割,圖像運(yùn)動(dòng)校正,大血管移除都由軟件完成。動(dòng)脈輸入函數(shù)在大腦前動(dòng)脈,靜脈函數(shù)取為矢狀靜脈竇,然后進(jìn)行計(jì)算。CTP圖像參數(shù)CBF,CBV,MTT和TTD用以診斷是否出現(xiàn)因血管痙攣引起的灌注異常,每個(gè)責(zé)任血管灌注區(qū)域被兩位神經(jīng)影像醫(yī)師獨(dú)立評(píng)估,并劃分為3分Likert量表(0分-無(wú)血管痙攣影響,1分-血管痙攣影響小于50%的血管灌注區(qū)域,2分-血管痙攣影響超過(guò)50%血管區(qū)域)。所有CT平掃已經(jīng)呈現(xiàn)梗死的血管區(qū)域都被排除。第三位放射醫(yī)師評(píng)估了DSA的16段顱內(nèi)主要血管的3分Likert量表(0分-無(wú)血管痙攣影響血管直徑,1分-血管痙攣影響小于血管直徑50%的狹窄,2分-血管痙攣影響超過(guò)血管直徑的50%)。在探測(cè)血管痙攣方面,如Table 2所示,ROC曲線(xiàn)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)TTD具有最高的診斷準(zhǔn)確性(AUC面積0.832,敏感度0.737,特異度0.928),其次診斷性能較好的為MTT和CBF。TTD與MTT的準(zhǔn)確性明顯高于CBF和CBV。CBF的準(zhǔn)確性高于CBV(Figure 1)。而TTD的探測(cè)血管痙攣的準(zhǔn)確性與MTT無(wú)顯著統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,但是McNemar檢驗(yàn)證實(shí)了TTD的敏感度要高于MTT。所有CTP定量參數(shù)指示的血管痙攣的嚴(yán)重性,均與DSA的結(jié)果相關(guān)。TTD與血管痙攣Likert分?jǐn)?shù)的相關(guān)性最高(R=0.685),MTT僅次于TTD。所有CTP定量參數(shù)在Cohen Kappa檢驗(yàn)中均顯示出很好的一致性(inter-rater agreement 0.927 – 1.0)。
結(jié)論: 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果指示CTP的TTD參數(shù)具有最高的敏感度用以探測(cè)SAH之后的血管痙攣,并在評(píng)估血管痙攣嚴(yán)重性上與DSA最好的相關(guān)性。 Figure 1:58歲病患在動(dòng)脈夾放置后第5天出現(xiàn)的血管痙攣(DSA)。CTP圖像參數(shù)顯示異常灌注出現(xiàn)于右側(cè)MCA區(qū)域(TTD最為明顯,CBV指示不清晰)。
原文Abstract: Introduction—In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of different volume perfusion CT (VPCT) maps regarding the detection of cerebral vasospasm compared to angiographic findings. Methods—Forty-one datasets of 26 patients (57.5 ± 10.8 years, 18 F) with subarachnoid hemorrhage and suspected cerebral vasospasm, who underwent VPCT and angiography within 6h, were included. Two neuroradiologists independently evaluated the presence and severity of vasospasm on perfusion maps on a 3-point Likert scale (0—no vasospasm, 1—vasospasm affecting <50 %,="" 2—vasospasm="" affecting="">50 % of vascular territory). A third neuroradiologist independently assessed angiography for the presence and severity of vasospasm on a 3-point Likert scale (0—no vasospasm, 1—vasospasm affecting < 50="" %,="" 2—vasospasm="" affecting=""> 50 % of vessel diameter). Perfusion maps of cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), mean transit time (MTT), and time to drain (TTD) were evaluated regarding diagnostic accuracy for cerebral vasospasm with angiography as reference standard. Correlation analysis of vasospasm severity on perfusion maps and angiographic images was performed. Furthermore, inter-reader agreement was assessed regarding findings on perfusion maps. Results—Diagnostic accuracy for TTD and MTT was significantly higher than for all other perfusion maps (TTD, AUC=0.832; MTT, AUC= 0.791; p<0.001). ttd="" revealed="" higher="" sensitivity="" than="" mtt="" (p="0.007)." the="" severity="" of="" vasospasm="" on="" ttd="" maps="" showed="" significantly="" higher="" correlation="" levels="" with="" angiography="" than="" all="" other="" perfusion="" maps="" (p="" ≤="" 0.048).="" inter-reader="" agreement="" was="" (almost)="" perfect="" for="" all="" perfusion="" maps="" (kappa≥="">0.001).> Conclusion—The results of this study indicate that TTD maps have the highest sensitivity for the detection of cerebral vasospasm and highest correlation with angiography regarding the severity of vasospasm. 50> |
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