|
非謂語動詞作主語
表示經(jīng)常性，常用動名詞作主語，
表示某一次，常用動詞不定式作主語，
有時為了對稱，主語，賓語（或表語）要么都用不定時，要么都用動名詞
Seeing is believe. To see is to believe.
動名詞的完成式一般不做主語（動名詞表示一個事）
It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ____the answers ready will be of great help.
A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having（B為什么不行）
It was ____ computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.（D為什么不行？）
A. to have played B. playing C. played D. having played
________ the homework made his father lose his temper. （但復合結(jié)構(gòu)可以）
A. The boy’s not having done B. The boy not having done
C. The boy’s having not done D. The boy having not done
what在問句中作主語時，常用動名詞短語來回答
What made your brother so delighted?
___ for his progress.
A. His teacher praised him B. His being praised by his teacher
C. His teacher having praised him D. He was praised by his teacher
B
非謂語動詞作賓語
動詞不定式和動名詞都可作賓語
有些動詞只能跟不定式作賓語
這類及物動詞常見的有：
agree (同意) , ask (請、要) , attempt (試圖) , afford 付得起agree 同意ask 要求apply 申請care (想要) , choose (決定、要) , decide (決定) , desire (希望) , determine (決心) , help 幫助expect (期望) , fail (未能) , hope (希望) , intend (打算) , learn (學習) , manage (設法) , offer (愿意) , plan (計劃、打算) , pretend (假裝) , refuse (拒絕、謝絕) , wish (希望)等等promise 答應want 想要wish 希望
有些動詞只能跟動名詞作賓語
下列動詞習慣上可接動名詞作賓語，但不能接不定式作賓語：
admit 承認advise 建議allow 允許appreciate 感激avoid 避免consider 考慮delay 推遲deny 否認discuss 討論dislike 不喜歡enjoy 喜愛escape 逃脫excuse 原諒fancy 設想finish 完成forbid 禁止forgive 原諒give up 放棄imagine 想像keep 保持 mention 提及mind 介意miss 沒趕上pardon 原諒permit 允許practise 練習prevent 阻止?搖prohibit 禁止put off 推遲report 報告risk 冒險stop 停止suggest 建議understand 理解feel like想做某事
有些動詞即可跟不定式也可跟動名詞，但意思上有差別
forget ，remember跟動名詞作賓語，記得還是忘了以前做的事。跟不定式，還未作
mean to do, 打算作某事；mean doing, 意味著
try to do , 盡力作某事；try doing, 嘗試著作某事
want / need/ require doing sth, 表示被動；
regret doing sth. 對做過的某事表示后悔；regret to say, 很抱歉的說
like hate doing, 經(jīng)常性的，like/ hate to do, 特定的某一次
be/get used to doing 習慣于做某事，used to do 過去經(jīng)常做某事be used to do被用來做
can’t help doing=can’t help but do 忍不住做某事can’t help ( to) do 不能幫助做某事
stop doing 停止正在做著的某事；stop to do停下來做別的事情
go on doing繼續(xù)做原來做的事 go on to do接著干別的事情
forbid/allow doing something; forbid/ allow somebody to do something
except, but后跟不定式時，如果前面有實意動詞do的形式，不用to, 否則要帶to
There is nothing to do except ___ till it stops snows. C
A. to wait B. waiting C. wait D. waits
She can dance and sing.
她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物動詞。）
She can sing many English songs.
她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物動詞。）
非謂語動詞作表語
1.表示將來某一次時常用動詞不定式作表語，表示經(jīng)常性性時常用動名詞作表語
( 表示某一次，如果主語中有do時，不定式省略to)
2. 動名詞作表語同進行時的區(qū)別
動名詞作表語時是說明主語的職責和功能等，和主語是對等關系，沒有正在進行之意， 而現(xiàn)在分詞有正在進行之意
如：My job is looking after the children. (looking 為動名詞)
He is looking after the baby. (looking 為現(xiàn)在分詞)
3現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語時相當于-ed形容詞和-ing形容詞。
-ing 形容詞，令人。。。的；-ed形容詞，令人感到。。。的，有被動意味。
動詞短語
be/get used to doing 習慣于做某事，used to do 過去經(jīng)常做某事 be used to do被用來做
can’t help doing=can’t help but do 忍不住做某事 can’t help ( to) do 不能幫助做某事
stop doing 停止正在做著的某事； stop to do停下來做別的事情
go on doing繼續(xù)做原來做的事 go on to do接著干別的事情
forbid/allow doing something; forbid/ allow somebody to do something
非謂語動詞作主語和表語的比較
1、不定式和動名詞作主語和表語
a. 不定式表示一次性的、具體的動詞。 動詞ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或習慣性的動作。如：
________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk
(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行為，用動名詞作主語，選 B
b. 不定式作主語時，常用it 作形式主語，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.
It’s important for us to learn English well.
It’s kind of you to help us.
注意：下面幾個句型是用動名詞：
It’s no good / use doing sth.
It’s useless doing sth.
There is no need to do sth.
2、不定式、動名詞、分詞作表語的比較
a、不定式、動名詞作表語，.表示主語的內(nèi)容。如：
My job is teaching / to teach English. (teaching / to teach English 是my job的內(nèi)容)
Knowing who we are means knowing what we like to do.?。ㄖ鞅碚Z要用同一種形式）
b、分詞作表語
記?。阂恍┍硎厩楦小⑶榫w的動詞，常用分詞形式作表語。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)特征，用過去分詞表示主語的狀態(tài)。常用動詞：surprise (使某人吃驚)， surprising (令人吃驚)， surprised (主語)感到吃驚）類似動詞有：excite (激動)，astonish (驚奇)，shock (震驚)，scare (驚恐)， disappoint (失望)，move （感動），
如：The movie is exciting. We are excited at the news.
c、在seem / appear (似乎，好像)， prove / turn out (被證明是)， remain (仍然是，尚待)等連系動詞后，可用不定式作表語。如： He seemed (to be ) very happy.
Having a trip abroad is good for the old couple, but it remains ______ whether they will enjoy it. (to be seen)
不定式、動名詞作賓語的比較
1、只能接不定式的動詞：
a.（想要）want, would like, would prefer, ask, demand, intend, desire,
b.(希望) wish, hope, expect,
c.（決定）agree, decide, manage, promise, choose, continue, plan, prepare, make up one’s mind, try one’s best, offer, apply,
d.happen, learn, fail, pretend, refuse, afford
2、只能接動名詞的動詞：
suggest, advise(建議), finish, mind(介意)，enjoy (喜歡)，appreciate (鑒賞，感激)，forbid禁止），avoid (避免)，can’t help doing (忍不住)，risk (冒險)，feel like (想要)，delay, put off （推遲），give up (放棄)，be busy (忙于)，be worth (值得)，practise (反復練習)，
3、接不定式和接動名詞意義不同的動詞：
remember to do 記得去做， remember doing 記得做過 forget to do 忘記去做， forget doing 忘記做過了, regret to do 遺憾去做，regret doing 后悔做過, try to do 設法去做，try doing 試著做, go on to do 接著做另一件事，go on doing 繼續(xù)做同一件事,
mean to do 打算做，mean doing 意味著做, stop to do 停下來去做，stop doing 停止做,cant help (to) do 不能幫助做，can’t help doing 忍不住做。
如：In some parts of London, missing a bus means ____ for another hour.
A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting A
4、表示未實現(xiàn)的愿望的動詞, 即表示本打算、想做，但事實上沒做
這些動詞 plan, intend, mean, want, hope, wish, expect , 用 had planned to do sth. / planned to have done 來表示。Would like / love 只用would like to have done
如：I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish the report.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone B
5、要接動名詞的幾個句型
prevent / stop / keep sb. / sth from doing …(阻止…做)
spend / waste time / money in doing sth. 在…花費或浪費時間或錢
how about / what about doing
have some difficulty / trouble / problems in doing 在做… 有困難
have a hard / good time in doing 做… 很艱難或做…很愉快
There is no sense / point in doing
6、含介詞to 的短語
look forward to 盼望，devote…to 致力于、獻身于，be / get used to 習慣于， lead to 導致，get down to 著手做，pay attention to 注意，refer to 談到，所指，參考，equal to 等于，能勝任，belong to 屬于
如：Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ___ some school for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up
7、介詞but （除了）后接不定式：
如：have no choice but to do sth. 沒有別的選擇 只好做…
但當but 前有形為動詞 do 時，but 后的不定式省to. 如：
Sandy could do nothing but ____ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit A
8．permit / allow (允許)，advise (建議)，forbid (禁止)，有兩種用法：一是后接動名詞，二是后接“sb. + to do sth”
9、need, want, require 意為“需要”，主語是物時，用句型：
need, want, require + doing ?。ㄓ脛釉~ing 主動形式表被動意義）
to be done
不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作賓語補足語的比較
1、不定式作賓語補足語，如：ask sb to do sth (sb作賓語，to do sth作賓補，賓語＋賓補＝復合賓語)
類似動詞有：invite, tell, want, encourage, advise, order, requir, foce, beg, cause, allow, permit, forbid（禁止）, warn（警告）, remind, teach, call on (號召)，depend on (指望)，would like / love (想要)，prefer, wish, expect, (hope 不帶復合賓語) 注：help sb (to) do sth.
2、let / make / have sb do sth. 但使役動詞的被動語態(tài)常用：be made to do sth.
注：get sb to do sth. 也譯成“讓某人做…
Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.
A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry
3、感官動詞后作賓補的非謂語形式
感官動詞：feel, see, hear, watch, notice
句型：感官動詞＋sb + do / doing / done (分別表示全過程、正在發(fā)生、被動完成)
1) They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow A
2) The missing boy was last seen ____ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play A
4、with 的復合結(jié)構(gòu)：with +賓+賓補。作賓補的詞可以是：形容詞、副詞（in, out）,介詞短語，非謂語形式）。With 的復合結(jié)構(gòu)的賓補中的非謂語形式 to do 表示將來，doing 表示主動和進行，done表示被動和完成。
The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied D
5、have 句型：have sb do sth, have sb/ sth doing, have sb /sth done
have sth done 表示兩種意義：請別人做，而不是主語做；意外事故引起的。
如：He didn’t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch ______.
A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. repair B
6、find + 賓語 + 賓補（doing / done）, keep +賓+doing, catch sb + doing (撞見某人在做)，smell sb +doing (察覺到某人在做)
He looked around and caught a man ____ his hand into the pocket of a passager.
A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting D
7、表示“認為”的 think, believe, consider, judge 等，常用句型：think sb (to be )+ adj. / n. , be considered to have done sth. 被認為已做了某事
8、make oneself understood / heard / known , 即用了過去分詞作作賓補
9、句型 It is said / reported / thought / known that…. 可變成：sb / sth be said / reported to have done sth.
如：Robert is said ___ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying A
不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作狀語的比較
1、不定式作目的、原因、結(jié)果狀語
a.作目的狀語：有三種形式，可互換：to do, in order to do, so as to do (不用于句首)
b.原因：不定式常放在表示情緒反應的形容詞后。如：happy, sorry, glad, sad, surpried, disappointed. 不定式不放在句首。
如：I am sorry to hear that your father is ill.
c. 結(jié)果：常用 only to do…來表示末曾預料到或令人不快的情況，其動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之后。另外 固定結(jié)構(gòu)：too… to do, enough to do, so / such… as to do 中，不定式也作結(jié)果狀語。
d.在形容詞后作狀語，只用不定式 如：
The book is easy to read. (=It is easy to read the book.)
We find the lake safe to swim in. (注意尾介詞)
2、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞可作時間、條件、讓步、方式、原因、結(jié)果狀語，就不作目的狀語。注：表示時間、條件或讓步的分詞，有時可帶上連詞（if, unless, when, while, once（一旦） though, although）
1）_____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given D
2）I won’t attend his wedding _____ .
A. unless invited B. if invited C. unless inviting
三種非謂語形式作定語定語的比較
1、不定式作定語 常表示“用…要做”和“修飾the +序數(shù)詞”。常用句型：
have / there be… / with +賓語+ to do
分析：以 I have homework to do. 為例：不定式作定語有兩種關系：
a.主謂關系：I do homework
b.動賓關系：to do 與 homework 構(gòu)成動賓關系
注意：以 Jack, do you have some clothes _______?
A. to wash B. to be washed 為例：
分析：（1）動賓關系：wash clothes 成立；（2）主謂關系：You wash clothes成立嗎？根據(jù)句意，顯然不是。這里的洗衣服是說話做，而不是句子的主語you. 所以只能用不定式的被動式，選B。
如：1）He gave me a book to read.
2）There are five pairs ____, but I’m at a loss which to choose.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing B
(根據(jù)語境，可知是“有五雙可供選擇，即從5中選1，而不是選5)
3）There are always people to ____ if you feel like a chat.
A. talk to B. talk C. speak about D. speak A
(to talk 要與people構(gòu)成動賓關系，要用短語 talk to / with sb)
2、分詞作定語：單個的分詞作定語，放在被修飾的名詞前，而分詞短語常放在后面。
（1）They made efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to China. (過去分詞表被動和完成)
(2) I want to write about people addicted to drugs.
比較：
a sleeping boy (= a boy who is sleeping); a swimming pool (= a pool for swimming)
falling leaves (leaves that are falling); fallen leaves (leaves that have fallen down)
a developing country (發(fā)展中國家)；a developed country (發(fā)達國家)
3、to be done, being done, done 作定語的區(qū)別
這三個都表示被動，就是時間不同。To be done 表將來，being done 表同時進行，done表完成。注意：having been done 也表完成被動，但不用作定語。
2013年非謂語動詞高考真題詳解
【2013北京】24. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found
2【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此處動詞find與主語she為主動關系且作原因狀語，故用現(xiàn)在分詞finding。句意：（由于）她發(fā)現(xiàn)該課程很難，她就決定轉(zhuǎn)到低一水平的（課程）。
【2013北京】29. When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked
3【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此處非謂語動詞作賓補，動詞block與see的賓語the road之間為被動關系，構(gòu)成短語see sb/ sth done。故選D。
【2013福建】22. ______ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known
4【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此句謂語為will help，因此所選非謂語動詞做主語，故使用動名詞，答案選C。
【2013福建】32. Anyone, once _______ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. to be tested B. being tested C. tested D. to test
5【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞和狀語從句的省略。狀語從句連詞once之后的非謂語動詞與主句主語anyone之間為被動關系，故選過去分詞。
【2013湖南】25. The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.
A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. have bathed
6【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。動詞bathe與主語the sun之間為主動關系，且表示進行，故選B。
【2013湖南】29. You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.
A. offering B. to offer C. having offered D. offered
7【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。先判斷此處需要填非謂語動詞作opinion的后置定語；再判斷opinion與動詞offer間為被動關系，故答案選D。
【2013湖南】30. Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
8【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子，不難判斷，該句為祈使句，故用動詞原形，答案選A。
【2013湖南】31. ________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.
A. Staying B. Stayed C. To stay D. Stay
9【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此處考查動詞不定式表目的，意為：晚間，我為了保持暖和，我就把柴爐加滿。故選C。
【2013江蘇】24. Lionel Messi, the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.
A. set B. setting C. to set D. having set
10【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。首先判斷該句謂語為is considered，故可知橫線部分為非謂語動詞，描述主語Lionel Messi。短語set the record與主語之間為主動關系，故選B。
【2013江蘇】31.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and to ruins, the city took on a new look.
A. reducing B. reduced C. being reduced D. having reduced
11【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。首先判斷此處是and連接的after之后的并列的動名詞形式；且reduce與主語city之間為被動關系，故選C。
【2013江西】34. If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. having asked
12【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞及狀語從句的省略。狀語從句連詞if之后省去了從句的主語，即主句的主語；而主句為祈使句，默認主語為you；主語you與動詞ask之間為被動關系，故使用過去分詞。答案選A。
【2013遼寧】28. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ______ for her.
A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
13【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此題there be句型的主語mail后接后置定語，wait與mail間為主動關系，且wait這個動作正在進行，故選C，現(xiàn)在分詞。
【2013山東】25. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner.
A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood
14【答案】A解析原創(chuàng)：山東省
【解析】考查非謂語動詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞standing作bookshelf后置定語，表主動進行。
【2013山東】29. I stopped the car ____ a short break as I was feeling tired.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken
15【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我停下車來休息一會兒，因為我感覺累了。此處動詞不定式表目的，故選C。解
【2013山東】33. ________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again.
A. Having eaten B. To eat C. Eat D. Eating
16【答案】A解析原創(chuàng)：山東省
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意為：因為以前曾經(jīng)在自助餐廳吃過，Tina再也不想在那兒吃了。動詞eat與主語Tina之間為主動關系，再根據(jù)句中before可知需強調(diào)eat這個動作發(fā)生在主動詞之前，可知用現(xiàn)在分詞完成體Having eaten表主動完成，作原因狀語。
【2013陜西】13. Let those in need that we will go all out to help them.
A. to understand B. understand C. understanding D. understood
17【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。動詞let后接動詞原形understand做賓補，表示與賓語those in need之間為主動關系，構(gòu)成短語let sb do sth。故選B。
【2013陜西】14. The witnesses by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned
18【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。首先判斷此處需要一個非謂語動詞作witnesses的后置定語；且判斷動詞question與witnesses間為被動關系；根據(jù)非謂語動詞短語中標志詞just now可知動作question已經(jīng)完成。故可選A。區(qū)別：done作后置定語意為“已被…的”；being done作后置定語意為“正被…的”；to be done作后置定語意為“將被…的”。
【2013四川】8. _______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not
19【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。主語the girl與非謂語動詞know之間為主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞；且非謂語動詞的否定式應在其前加否定詞。據(jù)此可知答案為A。此處分詞Not knowing在句中作原因狀語。
【2013四川】10. The airport _______ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed
20【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。先判斷出此處需要填上一個非謂語動詞作the airport的后置定語；根據(jù)標志詞next year及句意“明年將竣工的機場”可知非謂語動詞表示將來動作，故選動詞不定式to be done（將被做）；而A項being done“正在被…”；C項“已被”；D項常作狀語。
【2013天津】10. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations.
A. using B. to use C. having used D. used
21【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞use在句中作words的后置定語，與其存在被動關系，故使用過去分詞used，答案為D。
【2013新課標II卷】5.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington
A. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught
22【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意，因為我趕上了7:30的車，所以那天我更早地到了辦公室，可知趕車發(fā)生在到辦公室之前，且與主語I之間為主動關系，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞完成體表主動完成。
【2013新課標I卷】22.They might just have a place ______on the writing course一why don't you give it a try?
A. leave B. left C. leaving D. to leave
23【答案】D
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。固定短語have sth to do。
【2013新課標I卷】35. The sunlight is white and blinding, hard-edged shadows on the ground.
A. throwing B. being thrown C. to throw D. to be thrown
24【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。主語sunlight與throw shadows之間為主動關系，故選A。
【2013浙江】7. ______how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
A. Hearing B. Hear C. Having heard D. To be hearing
25【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。需辨明句子結(jié)構(gòu)：句子謂語為creates，之前為主語，因此可以判斷是非謂語動詞作主語，故選動名詞做主語。
【2013浙江】19. There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A. not treated B. not being treated C. not to be treated D. not have been treated
26【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞及狀語從句的省略。連詞when之后為狀語從句的省略，非謂語動詞treat的邏輯主語即為主句主語health problems，判斷它們之間的關系為被動關系，即用過去分詞即可。而being done意為“正在被…”；to be done“將被…”。
【2013重慶】30. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I fell asleep.
A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell
27【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。此處非謂語動詞tell與主語my mother為主動關系，故用telling作伴隨狀語。
【2013重慶】34. The engine just won't start. Something seems wrong with it.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
28【答案】B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。動詞seem之后用不定式，排除CD項；to do表將來，to have done表完成，根據(jù)句意：引擎發(fā)不動?？雌饋砗孟癯隽耸裁疵。芍鸢笧锽。
【2013安徽】32. in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
A. To found B. Founding C. Founded D. Having founded
29【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句子主語the school與found之間為被動關系，故此處使用過去分詞founded表被動并表完成動作。
【2013福建】32. Anyone, once _______ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A. to be tested B. being tested C. tested D. to test
30【答案】C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞和狀語從句的省略。狀語從句連詞once之后的非謂語動詞與主句主語anyone之間為被動關系，故選過去分詞。
【2013江西】34. If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. having asked
31【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞及狀語從句的省略。狀語從句連詞if之后省去了從句的主語，即主句的主語；而主句為祈使句，默認主語為you；主語you與動詞ask之間為被動關系，故使用過去分詞。答案選A。
【2013浙江】19. There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A. not treated B. not being treated C. not to be treated D. not have been treated
32【答案】A
【解析】考查非謂語動詞及狀語從句的省略。連詞when之后為狀語從句的省略，非謂語動詞treat的邏輯主語即為主句主語health problems，判斷它們之間的關系為被動關系，即用過去分詞即可。而being done意為“正在被…”；to be done“將被…”。
|
