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命題特點(diǎn)
一般說來，完形填空的選材多具有一定故事情景和教育意義的短文，其文體主要是記敘文，敘中有議。 文章多選自原汁原味的英文報(bào)刊。由于英美報(bào)刊文章不同于中國人所寫的英文文章，在遣詞造句、行文布局、邏輯思維方面均與中國人有較大差異，因此考生往往會覺得短文“跳躍多”、“起伏大”。這種用原汁原味英文考察學(xué)生的選材方式意在保證該項(xiàng)測試的難度，并且對強(qiáng)化英語教學(xué)的“跨文化意識”發(fā)揮較好的作用。
一般說來，文章長度大約300詞，20處空白的平均詞距約15詞，7－20詞左右設(shè)一空，首句一般不設(shè)空。 選項(xiàng)多為單詞，短語比較少見，側(cè)重考查動詞、名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞等實(shí)詞在具體語境中的得體使用，不少涉及詞語辨析、情感、情理和邏輯思維，很少考點(diǎn)是單純考短語搭配或語法規(guī)則，對考生的綜合能力要求甚高。設(shè)空常注重以下幾個方面： ① 語境用詞 這類考點(diǎn)要求考生依據(jù)上下文情景、語境，甚至段落或文章，從四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。其涉及面非常廣，如時間、地點(diǎn)、方向、情感、動作等等。解這類題的關(guān)鍵是選項(xiàng)要合情入理。 ②詞語辨析 完形填空中有些考點(diǎn)涉及詞義辨析。這類考點(diǎn)可以一箭雙雕，既考查考生對詞語的掌握和詞匯量的大小，考查考生結(jié)合語境情景用詞能力。與單項(xiàng)填空題的詞語辨析題相比，完形填空題的詞語辨析更具綜合性。 ③常識應(yīng)用 從語言為實(shí)際生活服務(wù)這一基本原則出發(fā)，完形填空必然有考查常識的考點(diǎn)，借此也可以測試出學(xué)生的知識面和視野的開闊程度以及靈活運(yùn)用常識理順語句、語篇的能力。因此考生要注意在某些相關(guān)點(diǎn)利用生活常識進(jìn)行合理思維，以選擇正確答案。 ④ 歸納概括 這類考點(diǎn)多見于議論文、說明文和科普文中，旨在檢測考生的綜合歸納、全面概括能力。要求考生高層建瓴，由段落或篇章中心去捕捉若干點(diǎn)的答案。 ⑤ 邏輯推理 完形填空的邏輯推理題涉及行文走勢，句段的起承轉(zhuǎn)合，事情發(fā)展的先后過程，開始與結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，是與非的鑒別判斷，時間、地點(diǎn)、人物、背景的相互牽連等。在議論文、科普文、夾敘夾議文體中，經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)這類考題。 命題規(guī)律
專題講解 A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (滅火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毀壞的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go. One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life. 41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing 【答案】C 【解析】travel：旅行，前進(jìn)，行進(jìn)。本題的干擾項(xiàng)是rush：沖，急速前進(jìn)。但是從下文after delivering 可知，司機(jī)的派送任務(wù)已經(jīng)完成沒有還要再急速前進(jìn)。 42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers 【答案】D 【解析】從首句可知他是送貨司機(jī)，應(yīng)該給客戶送貨回家。 43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If 【答案】C 【解析】當(dāng)他走近的時候，as“當(dāng)…時候”。 44. A. each B. another C. that D. his 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)前句a car可知此處是他又發(fā)現(xiàn)一輛車。 45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)下文中fire判斷是汽車著火。 46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)上文可知他認(rèn)為汽車是毀壞了的。 47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled 【答案】A 【解析】從后句可知他拿起滅火器滅火。 48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)and后內(nèi)容可知那個司機(jī)走了過來。 49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)下文可知警察來了，判斷這個司機(jī)打電話報(bào)警了。 50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even 【答案】A 【解析】然后他們聽到車內(nèi)有人的聲音。 51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching 【答案】D 【解析】他們走近汽車看到一名婦女。 52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)下文可知Larry讓這名婦女不要動。 53. A. for B. so C. and D. but 【答案】D 【解析】前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but。 54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)后句內(nèi)容判斷這么婦女怕汽車著火后爆炸。 55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after 【答案】C 【解析】不讓動以防脖子受傷。 56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)and后內(nèi)容可知他們后退，讓警察工作。 57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver 【答案】B 【解析】從上文可知警察趕到現(xiàn)場。 58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)后句可知警察讓他離開了，be free to do “自由做某事”。 59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)上文可知他確保了別人的安全，for certain“確定無疑”。 60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise 【答案】C 【解析】從上文可知他的努力挽救了別人的性命。 When Charles Barkley's mother passed away, Barkley's hometown came to the funeral. But a(n) ___41___ guest also came. He wasn't a basketball player or from Barkley's hometown. More ___42___, he was my dad-a scientist. My dad said he ___43___ about Barkley long before he met him. Whenever we ___44___ dinner parties, he would talk about Barkley. Basketball has never been my thing. I ___45___some key words into a search engine to___46___something about Barkley. He seemed pretty famous and ___47___not like anyone who would be friends with my dad. But the friendship was real. My dad ___48___ made a slide of photos of him and Barkley together for our community's Chinese New Year party- totally irrelevant to the ___49___. I asked him what made them become friends. "As an Asian in the U.S., we had a good ___50___," he said. "We agree on many views." They believed the color of their skin didn't ___51___ . But on a Sunday afternoon my dad passed away. Everyone was ___52___ as Barkley attended the funeral. "It gives me great ___53___and joy to know I was a friend of his," Barkley said. "Just hearing about him at the ___54___ -what he had achieved and what he was trying to help others ___55___, touched me I ___56___he would be known to many people." At the funeral, people ___57___ memories of my dad. I realize that even after he passed away, I would continue to ___58___things about him. The story of his friendship with Barkley was not just a ___59___with a famous person-it threw light on the ___60___ of this world. 41. A. frequent B. unexpected C. average D. unwelcome 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. frequent頻繁的；B. unexpected意料之外的；C. average平均的；D. unwelcome不受歡迎的。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，作者的父親參加巴克利媽媽的葬禮是意料之外的，故選B。 42. A. specifically B. importantly C. carefully D. strictly 【答案】A 【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. specifically特別；B. importantly重要；C. carefully 小心；D. strictly嚴(yán)格。根據(jù)上文說來了一個意料之外的客人，而此處又說這個客人是我的父親，由此可知，這是更特別的，故選A。 43. A. cared B. worried C. thought D. knew 【答案】D 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. cared關(guān)心；B. worried 擔(dān)心；C. thought認(rèn)為；D. knew知道。根據(jù)下文可知，此處是指父親在沒有遇到巴克利之前就已經(jīng)知道他了，故選D。 44. A. held B. organized C. attended D. arranged 【答案】C 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. held 握??；B. organized組織；C. attended 參加；D. arranged安排。根據(jù)下文提到父親與巴克利的友誼可知，此處指無論我們什么時候參加晚宴，父親都會談?wù)摪涂死９蔬xC 45. A. read B. forgot C. sent D. typed 【答案】D 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. read 讀；B. forgot 忘記；C. sent 派送；D. typed打字。句意：我在引擎器上打了幾個關(guān)鍵詞搜索巴克利的信息。在引擎器上搜索信息應(yīng)該是打字，故選D。 46. A. find out B. apply for C. talk about D. pick up 【答案】A 【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A. find out找出，查明；B. apply for支付；C. talk about 談?wù)?；D. pick up撿起。根據(jù)語境可知，在引擎器上是為了找出巴克利的相關(guān)信息，故選A。 47. A. potentially B. accidentally C. deliberately D. certainly 【答案】D 【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. potentially 潛在；B. accidentally偶然；C. deliberately故意；D. certainly當(dāng)然。根據(jù)下文的But the friendship was real可知，此處作者要表達(dá)巴克利是個名人，當(dāng)然不是會成為我爸爸朋友的人。故選D。 48. A. still B. also C. even D. already 【答案】C 【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. still仍然；B. also 也；C. even甚至；D. already已經(jīng)。句意：我爸爸甚至還制作了一張幻燈片，上面是他和巴克利一起參加我們社區(qū)的春節(jié)晚會的照片。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，此處用“甚至”最能表達(dá)語義。故選C。 49. A. experience B. holiday C. player D. friendship 【答案】B 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；B. holiday 節(jié)日，假日；C. player運(yùn)動員；D. friendship友誼。根據(jù)上文父親制作了他和巴克利一起的幻燈片可知，這與新年這個節(jié)日沒有關(guān)系，故選B。 50. A. chance B. conversation C. argument D. choice 【答案】B 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. chance機(jī)會；B. conversation交談，交往；C. argument爭論；D. choice選擇。句意：作為一個在美國的亞洲人我們談得很愉快?！拔覀冊诤芏嘤^點(diǎn)上都是一致的。根據(jù)下文的We agree on many views可知，此處是指他們交談很愉快，故選B。 51. A. bum B. differ C. matter D. shine 【答案】C 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. bum 流浪；B. differ 使….不同；C. matter 有關(guān)系，要緊；D. shine 照射。句意：他們相信他們的膚色不重要。根據(jù)上文語境可知，父親與巴克利膚色不同，但溝通很愉快，由此可知，他們認(rèn)為膚色不重要，故選C。 52. A. astonished B. thrilled C. annoyed D. disappointed 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. astonished吃驚的；B. thrilled 激動的；C. annoyed生氣的；D. disappointed失望的。根據(jù)上文可知，巴克利是個名人，不像是父親的朋友，因此，他出現(xiàn)在父親的葬禮上應(yīng)該是讓大家感到非常吃驚，故選A。 53. A. moments B. memories C. relief D. comfort 【答案】B 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. moments 時刻；B. memories 回憶，記憶；C. relief 減輕；D. comfort安慰。根據(jù)下文巴克利對父親的評價(jià)可知，此處是表達(dá)成為父親的朋友給巴克利帶來了很多回憶，故選B 54. A. meeting B. hometown C. party D. funeral 【答案】D 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. meeting會議；B. hometown家鄉(xiāng)；C. party聚會；D. funeral葬禮。結(jié)合語境可知，巴克利應(yīng)該是在父親的葬禮上聽到他的事跡，故選D。 55. A. accomplish B. contribute C. develop D. gain 【答案】A 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. accomplish實(shí)現(xiàn)，完成；B. contribute貢獻(xiàn)；C. develop發(fā)展；D. gain獲得。根據(jù)上文的what he had achieved可知，此處是指父親所取得的成就以及幫助別人所實(shí)現(xiàn)的，故選A。 56. A. wished B. declared C. suspected D. confirmed 【答案】A 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. wished希望；B. declared聲明；C. suspected懷疑；D. confirmed確定。根據(jù)上文提到父親的事跡可知，此處是指他希望父親被更多的人知道，故選A。 57. A. improved B. refreshed C. shared D. lost 【答案】C 【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A. improved 改善；B. refreshed 更新；C. shared分享；D. lost失去。句意：在葬禮上，人們分享對我父親的回憶。結(jié)合上文語境可知，在巴克利講述完父親的事跡后大家開始分享對父親的回憶。故選C。 58. A. spread B. learn C. obtain D. mourn 【答案】B 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. spread傳播；B. learn 學(xué)習(xí)；C. obtain獲得；D. mourn哀悼。根據(jù)上文大家都在分享他父親的事跡可知，作者意識到他以后仍然可以繼續(xù)了解他的父親的事跡。故選B。 59. A. connection B. coincidence C. phenomenon D. relationship 【答案】D 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. connection連接；B. coincidence 巧合；C. phenomenon現(xiàn)象；D. relationship關(guān)系。句意：他和巴克利友誼的故事不僅僅是和一個著名的人的關(guān)系，它還揭示了這個世界的可能性。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，此處用friendship最合題意。故選D。 60. A. benefits B. responsibilities C. possibilities D. varieties 【答案】C 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. benefits好處；B. responsibilities 責(zé)任C. possibilities可能性；D. varieties 種類。根據(jù)上文語境并結(jié)合四個選項(xiàng)可知，父親和巴克利有很多的不同，但他們的友誼帶來了更多的可能性，故選C。 |
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