Classic movie lines 經(jīng)典電影臺詞 人們?nèi)ル娪霸和ǔJ且驗闀r間 為了失去或錯過的時光 為了不曾擁有的時光 ——塔可夫斯基 你點擊原文,就分你小魚干 Male mice that work out spawn healthier offspring than their lethargic counterparts, according to a new study. 一項新的研究表明,與那些無精打采的雄性老鼠相比,鍛煉的雄性老鼠的后代更健康。 Whether the results hold true for humans remains uncertain, but they support the notion that some of the benefits of exercise are somehow passed on to the next generation. 這一結(jié)果是否適用于人類尚不確定,但它們支持了這樣一種觀點,即鍛煉的某些益處會以某種方式傳遞給下一代。 “The science is solid, and it’s pretty exciting,” says epigeneticist Sarah Kimmins of McGill University in Montreal, Canada, who wasn’t connected to the work. 加拿大蒙特利爾麥吉爾大學的表觀遺傳學家莎拉.基明斯并沒有參與這項工作,她說:“科學是可靠的,這非常令人興奮。” Scientists already know that a parent’s bad exercise or dietary habits can affect their offspring. 科學家已經(jīng)知道父母的不良運動或飲食習慣會影響他們的后代。 Mothers who are obese during pregnancy, for example, give birth to children who are more likely to be obese as adults and develop metabolic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease. 例如,懷孕期間肥胖的母親生下的孩子長大后更有可能肥胖,并出現(xiàn)心血管疾病等代謝性疾病。 Another study found that male rats that snarfed high-fat chow fathered offspring that didn’t respond normally to glucose, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. 另一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),對高脂肪食物大量進食的雄性老鼠,其后代對葡萄糖的反應并不正常,而這是2型糖尿病的標志。 To determine whether the opposite is true, molecular exercise physiologist Kristin Stanford of The Ohio State University College of Medicine in Columbus and colleagues fed male mice a fat-rich diet for 3 weeks. 為了確定這個事實反過來之后是否也成立,哥倫布俄亥俄州立大學醫(yī)學院的分子運動生理學家克里斯汀.斯坦福和他的同事們給雄性老鼠喂食了3周富含脂肪的食物。 One group of animals had access to running wheels, scampering nearly 6 kilometers per night on average, but the rest were couch potatoes. 有一組動物可以使用跑步輪,平均每晚奔跑近6公里,但其余的都是葛優(yōu)癱一族。 After dissecting some of the rodents to obtain samples of their sperm, the researchers allowed the remaining mice to mate. 在解剖了一些小鼠以獲取其精子樣本后,研究人員允許其余的老鼠交配。 Stanford and her colleagues tracked the resulting offspring until they were a year old, about middle age for a mouse. 斯坦福和她的同事們跟蹤研究了這些老鼠的后代,直到它們一歲大的時候。 Even though the offspring of exercising and nonexercising dads all ate a high-fat diet their entire lives and didn’t get any physical activity, the offspring of healthy fathers seemed to inherit their dads’ metabolism. 盡管運動和不運動的父親的后代一生都吃高脂肪的食物,也沒有進行任何體育活動,但健康父親的后代似乎遺傳了父親的新陳代謝。 The progeny of the runners showed a better response to increases in blood glucose and had lower insulin levels—both hallmarks of a sound metabolism—the researchers report today in Diabetes. 跑步者的后代對血糖升高的反應更好,胰島素水平也更低——這都是新陳代謝正常的標志——研究人員今天在《糖尿病》雜志上報告說。 “Exercise was completely negating the effect of a high-fat diet” on the offspring, Stanford says. “運動完全削弱了高脂肪飲食對后代的影響,”斯坦福說。 The researchers suspect the offspring might inherit their dads’ metabolic condition through small RNA molecules in sperm. 研究人員懷疑后代可能通過精子中的小RNA分子遺傳他們父親的新陳代謝狀況。 Previous studies have linked these molecules to changes in metabolism in the next generation. 先前的研究已經(jīng)將這些分子與下一代的新陳代謝變化聯(lián)系起來。 And indeed, the sperm of the lazy dads were loaded with fragments of transfer RNA. 事實上,懶惰爸爸的精子中含有轉(zhuǎn)運RNA的片段。 These molecules, when whole, are essential for synthesizing proteins, but how the fragments function is a mystery—they may modify protein production. 當這些分子是完整的時候,它們對于合成蛋白質(zhì)是必不可少的,但是這些片段是如何起作用的還是個謎——它們可能會改變蛋白質(zhì)的產(chǎn)生。 The sperm of the exercisers, in contrast, had relatively few such fragments. 相比之下,鍛煉者的精子中此類碎片相對較少。 Stanford and her colleagues still don’t know how the RNA shards affect an offspring’s metabolism, but they speculate that the pieces alter the growth or development of the young early in pregnancy. 斯坦福和她的同事們?nèi)匀徊恢繰NA碎片是如何影響后代的新陳代謝的,但是他們推測這些碎片會改變懷孕早期的孩子的生長或發(fā)育。 “It’s a well-executed paper,” says reproductive biologist Michelle Lane of the University of Adelaide in Australia, who wasn’t connected to the study. “這是一篇很好的論文,”澳大利亞阿德萊德大學的生殖生物學家米歇爾·萊恩說。 Previous research has only gauged the immediate effects of paternal exercise on young offspring, she says, but the fact that the researchers followed the mice for a year shows that “the possible impacts are maintained throughout life.” 她說,之前的研究只是衡量了父親運動對幼小后代的直接影響,但研究人員對老鼠進行了一年的跟蹤研究,這一事實表明,“可能的影響在整個生命中都保持著。” Lane cautions that researchers don’t know whether exercise provides the same benefits in people, so it may be too early for would-be fathers to start training for marathons. 萊恩警告說,研究人員不知道運動是否能給人帶來同樣的好處,所以想成為父親的人開始馬拉松訓練可能為時過早。 Nevertheless, Kimmins says, the study “provides hope that if men would exercise, they would have healthier children.” 盡管如此,金明斯說,這項研究“給了男性希望,如果他們鍛煉身體,他們就會有更健康的孩子?!?/p> 對于這項最新研究成果朋友們有什么看法呢?歡迎給amber留言哦! END 感謝關注 跟amber一起看世界 |
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