如果你希望自己的口語更地道一些,那你就要對自己的表達更嚴格一點,希望下面這些口語用法對你有所幫助。 1 我的計算機連不上WiFi。 (×) My computer can't connect with WiFi. (○)My computer has a weak/bad/poor WiFi connection. 連上線,英文用connect to,而不用connect with。這句話也可以說成My computer has some problems connecting to WiFi。 2 我不怕冷 (×)I am not afraid of cold. 其實應(yīng)該是 (○)The cold doesn't bother me. 中文說不“怕”冷,直覺會想用afraid,但afraid應(yīng)該接令人害怕的事物,形容天氣的感覺用bother即可。 3 今天上映什么? (×)What's playing today? (○)What's on today? play多是“人”扮演、出演,英文中電影、節(jié)目上演多用on。 4 I don't buy that. (×)我不要買。 (○)我才不信。 buy在這里是“相信、接受”的意思。 They are trying to buy time. (×)他們想買時間。 (○)他們想拖延時間。 buy time是指“拖延時間”。 5 我送你到門口。 (×)I'll send you to the door. (○)I'll see/walk you to the door. 6 我在報紙上看到這則新聞。 (×)I saw it on the newspaper. (○)I read it in the newspaper. 7 她晚婚。 (×)She married old. (○)She married late in life. 8 別把辦公室弄得亂七八糟。 (×)Don't make the office out of order. (○)Don't leave the office in a mess. out of order是指東西壞了,不能用于搞得亂七八糟這樣的狀況,要用leave…in a mess才正確。 9 我打了很多電話。 (×)I call a lot of phones. (○)I make a lot of phone calls. 打電話要用make phone calls,但有些人會直接用I call the phone,直譯就是打電話給電話,這樣語意不通。 10 日本的首都在哪兒? (×)Where is the capital of Japan? (○)What is the capital of Japan? 這個問句應(yīng)該用what,而非where。因為這句話要問的是“哪一個城市”(名詞),而不是“城市的位置”(副詞)。 11 車上還有位子嗎? (×)Is there any place for me in the car? (○)Is there any room for me in the car? room和place都有空間的意思。room有兩層含義:一是“房間”,很具體;二是“空間”或“余地”,比較抽象。可構(gòu)成make room for,意思是“給……讓出地方”。place是指“場所”或“位置”,是可數(shù)名詞,常用的詞組有take one's place(就座、入席);in place是指在適當?shù)奈恢谩?/span> 12 一起玩吧! (×)Let's play together. (○)Why don't you come over? 中文常會說“一起玩吧”,但英文卻不是這樣的表達方式,play多半用在小孩身上;外國人慣用Why don't you come over,邀請別人一道來。至于和朋友玩在一塊兒,我們則應(yīng)用hang out 13 我沒聽清楚。 (×)I didn't listen. (○)I didn't catch that. I didn't listen.這句話會造成很大的誤解,因為它指的就是“我沒在聽”,但聽懂要用catch這個詞,意思是“抓到”別人想表達的東西,也就是“聽清楚”別人所說的話。 14 別管這件事。 (×)Don't mind this. (○)Stay out of this. mind雖然有照看的意思,但Don't mind this是“別在意”的意思;要求別人不要介入,應(yīng)該用Stay out of this。 15 要在這里住多久? (×)How long will you live? 這種短暫的“住”不是live,而是stay。 這句話可以說成: (○)How long are you staying? (○)How long will you be staying? 16 我想拜訪約翰遜先生。 (在柜臺前和服務(wù)人員的對話) (×)I would like to visit Mr.Johnson. (○)I am here to see Mr.Johnson. visit和see都有“探望、拜訪”的意思,如果是計劃拜訪某人,你可以說:I plan to visit some potential clients next week.但已經(jīng)到門口,事先已經(jīng)預(yù)約好的,用see比較自然。 17 我從沒來過這。 (×)I havent been here before. (○)I had never been here. 既然用here,表示我們?nèi)艘欢ㄔ谀莾海髅魅艘呀?jīng)在那兒又說沒有到過,有點兒矛盾。這時候只要用過去完成時,表示以前沒來過就合理了。 18 謝謝,歡迎再度光臨。 (×)Thank you.Welcome again. (○)Thank you.Please come again. 19 我們一行4個人,我想訂一桌4個人的座位。 (×)We have four people.I'd like to reserve four seats. (○)We are a group/party of four.I'd like to reserve a table for four. 一行有幾人用group或party,所以,問對方一共有多少人就說How many(are there)in your party?此外,中文訂位都說訂n個座位,但英文都說一桌n個人。 20 你們開店到多晚? (×)When is your restaurant closed? (○)How late are you open? 店家的“開”“關(guān)”,在中文和英文里都有兩種意思:開門、關(guān)門,或營業(yè)、歇業(yè)。第一句close當動詞,用被動式,反倒像是問店家何時歇業(yè)、關(guān)門大吉。適當?shù)挠梅ㄊ菃枌Ψ介_到幾點,open在此為形容詞。 21 我點的菜還沒上。 (×)My meal hasn't shown up yet. (○)My order hasn't come yet. 中文的問法直接,英文則偏含蓄,不管是點飲料或主菜,直接用order即可。order是名詞,表示“點的東西”。上菜不用show,因為這不是展示,用come即可。 22 我想到外企工作。 (×)I'd like to work for a foreign company. (○)I'd like to work for a global company. 外企雖是外國人的公司,但不必直白到說成foreign company。既然大部分都是跨國公司,用international/ multinational都可以;如果想到國外工作,可以用work overseas;外派則是用relocate。 23 我身體不舒服。 (×)I'm not comfortable. (○)I'm not feeling well. 打電話請病假,千萬別說成I'm not comfortable,因為這句話是指我覺得心理上不自在、感覺很糟,而非生理上的不舒服。not feeling well也可直接用sick、ill表達。 24 這價格太貴了! (×)This price is too expensive! (○)This price is too high! 指產(chǎn)品本身太貴,可用expensive,例:This computer is too expensive.(這部計算機太貴)。但若句子中有price/cost/fee等表達價格之意的詞,就應(yīng)該用high或low來形容高或低。 25 我送她一本書。 (×)I sent her a book. (○)I gave her a book. 饋贈對方禮物,多半用give(送、給)做動詞,send比較像是以郵寄或快遞方式送貨。 26 她今天排休。 (×)She is having a holiday today. (○)She is taking leave today. 解析:holiday是指“法定假期”,如果指的是“個人特休”,應(yīng)該用leave。例:Bill takes sick leave today.May I take a message for you?(比爾今天請病假了,要我?guī)湍粞詥幔浚?nbsp; 27 這對我來說不算高薪。 (×)This is not a high salary to me. (○)This is not a good/big salary to me. 解析:中文說“高”薪,但英文要用good salary或big salary。 例:A good salary is very important to job satisfaction.(高薪對工作滿意度至關(guān)重要。) 28 我是一位店老板,這是我的名片。 (×)I am a boss. Here's my name card. (○)I am a storekeeper. Here's my business card. 解析:boss是一種“職位”稱呼,要向人介紹自己的“職業(yè)”是店老板,應(yīng)該說store keeper。另外,名片的正確用詞是business card 29 吃藥 (×)eat medicine (○)take medicine 英文的eat,指的是“吃”食物,但藥不是食物,所以“吃藥”不說eat medicine,必須說take medicine(服藥)。吃了藥后,感覺好多了,可以說I felt much better after taking the medicine。 30 喝湯 (×)drink soup (○)eat soup 還有一個也容易錯,喝湯要用eat soup或have soup?!昂葴弊屓寺?lián)想成drink soup,其實是錯的,稀稀水水的東西才用喝的,而外國人喝的湯多半比較濃稠,像玉米濃湯、蛤蜊濃湯,基本上是用“吃”的。 31 吃飽了沒? (×)Did you eat? (○)How are you doing? 這句話倒不是語法錯,而是外國人不會這么問候?qū)Ψ??!俺粤藳]”是中文的問候語,所以常有外國朋友會問,為什么中國人常問“吃了沒”,剛到中國還以為有人要請吃飯,結(jié)果造成誤會。倒是有一個詞組,外國人看人愁眉苦臉的時候會問What's eating you?意思是:“你怎么啦?”“何事讓你心煩?” 32 eat one's words (×)食言 (○)收回剛剛講的話 糾正很多人很自然地會把eat your words,認為就是指“食言”,其實,這個詞組的意思是承認自己說錯話,趕緊糾正。 33 我們公司和X飯店有簽約,所以有特別優(yōu)惠。 (×)My company has signed a contract with X Hotel, so we can get special prices. (○)We are in contract with X Hotel and are entitled to a special discount. 解析:“有簽約”表示一種既定狀態(tài),不是在強調(diào)動作,因此不用sign contract,而用in contract with。 34 我對合約條款只有一個問題。 (×)I have only one question about the condition. (○)I have only one question about the terms. 解析:合約的條款或條件,像付款期、違約罰則等,不叫condition,也不叫policy或rule,而是統(tǒng)稱term。像付款條件叫terms of payment或簡化成payment terms。 35 我們的合約上周到期。 (×)Our contract finished last week. (○)Our contract expired last week. 解析:合約到期有很多種說法,除了expire外還有bedue(到期)或是很正式的terminate(終止),但就是不用finished(完成)。口語中甚至可以用up,有“到頂”的意思。 36 今天領(lǐng)薪水。 (×)My boss paid me today. (○)It's payday. 薪水是老板發(fā)的,但講話不用如此直白,用payday(發(fā)薪日)就可完整說出“今天領(lǐng)薪水”的意思??谡Z中,也可說I am getting paid today,用pay(動詞)的被動用法來表達get paid(領(lǐng)薪水)。 37 我這個月獎金比較多。 (×)I got more bonus this month. (○)I got a bigger bonus this month. 這句話乍一看沒問題,但要注意bonus(紅利、績效、獎金)是一筆一筆算的,而且是用bigger不是more。像外國人說到更多預(yù)算時,會用a bigger budget,是整筆的概念,也不用more。既然是一整筆,就要記得加冠詞a。 38 他的工作表現(xiàn)獲得老板賞識。 (×)His hard work made the boss recognize him. (○)His hard work has gained the recognition of the boss. 這個詞recognition(認可、賞識),在英文注重時態(tài)的邏輯里,需要用到完成時has gained,來清楚表達“老板目前已認可此人的表現(xiàn)”。 39 計算機畫面停住了。 (模糊)The computer stops. (精確)The computer screen freezes. 如果用stop這個詞,別人會搞不清楚到底怎么了,聽起來像是話沒說完,是stop working還是stop responding? 如果是畫面不會動,你可以更精確點用freeze,意思是“凍結(jié)”,也可以用詞組freeze up,表示機器故障,無法繼續(xù)使用。 40 已經(jīng)10點了,卻只有我開始認真工作。 (×)It was nearly 10:00 am,but only I had started to work seriously. (○)It was nearly 10:00am,but only I had got down to work. get down to work的意思是“以嚴正的態(tài)度開始認真工作”,這是相當口語的用法。原來的說法暗示著,我之前不認真,10點才開始認真,并不恰當。 41 喬迪因為工作不力被解雇了。 (×)Jody received the sack for not taking enough care with her work. (○)Jody got the sack for not taking enough care with her work. get the sack是口語的用法,意指雇主不滿意你的工作表現(xiàn)或態(tài)度,而要你卷鋪蓋走人,正式的說法是be dismissed。 42 你覺得我表現(xiàn)如何? (×)How do you feel about me? (○)How do you think of my performance? feel會讓人誤解,以為是男女之間喜不喜歡對方的那種感覺,如果你要問一個人對某事情的“感覺”,應(yīng)該用think of。 43 他真是有趣。 (×)He's so funny. (○)He's so fun. funny也不見得不好,但意思是很搞笑、滑稽。fun和funny都可以當形容詞。 fun意為“有趣的、愉快的、好玩的”,而funny意為“有趣的、滑稽的、好笑的”;fun是令人愉快的事物或喜歡與之相處的人,funny是令人發(fā)笑或逗趣的人或事物。 如果覺得有用的話,可以分享給身邊的小伙伴喔 |
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