It 句型歸納總結(jié)

I．It 作形式主語(yǔ)的句型

①  It + be + adj (kind , wise , careless, clever …) + of sb to do sth

Eg: It is wise of him to make such a decision.他做出這樣的決定是明智的。

② It + be + adj(easy , safe , common , normal …) + for sb to do sth

該句型中adj若為important, necessary, natural, possible, strange, vital, essential等可改為從句,從句用should+動(dòng)詞原形。.

Eg: It’s very dangerous for children to play with fire.

It is important for us to learn English well. 

(= It is important that we (should) learn English well.) 

③    It + be +V-ed( reported, believed, said, suggested…) + that 從句

該句型中：⑴若V-ed為reported, believed, said等常譯為“據(jù)報(bào)道”，“據(jù)認(rèn)為”，“據(jù)說(shuō)”。⑵若V-ed為suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted等表示“建議”,“命令”的詞，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。

Eg: It is suggested that the book (should) be revised.

It’s said that Tom has been back from abroad.

(=Tom is said to have been back from abroad.)

④    It + be + n (a pity, a shame, a fact , good news…) + that 從句: 

該句型中，從句一般用(should) + 動(dòng)詞原形，表示出乎意料，常譯為＂竟然＂。
     Eg: It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.
         這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！

⑤    It is useless/no use/no good + doing sth

此句型中的it是形式主語(yǔ), 其后的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)是真正的主語(yǔ),譯為“做…沒(méi)有用”。

Eg : It useless arguing with him further.

It’s no use talking with him, because he won’t listen.

⑥ It takes sb. ... to do sth.

該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是to do sth，常譯為＂做．．．要花費(fèi)某人．．．＂。 　　

Eg: It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.

II．It 作形式賓語(yǔ)的句型

1. sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/ consider/ make + it +n/adj +to do或從句

該句型中的it 作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱(chēng)該句型為“6123結(jié)構(gòu)”。6 指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1 指的是形式賓語(yǔ) it；2 指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；3 指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

Eg: We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.

He felt it important learning English well.

They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.

2. 主語(yǔ)＋hate / dislike / love / like ＋it ＋ when－從句

Eg: I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.

3. 主語(yǔ)＋appreciate ＋it ＋ if－從句

Eg: I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.

4.  sb. depend on/count on/rely on/ see to(負(fù)責(zé)，確保) / answer for it that…

Eg: You may rely on it that he won’t be late.

   You must see to it that the doors are locked before you leave the lab.

5.  sb. take it for granted that… 認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的

    Eg: I take it for granted that he will succeed.

III.  It 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間句型

⑴    It + is+ 時(shí)間段 + since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句: 

該句型中從句一般用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，句意為“自從......以來(lái)已多久了”

Eg : It is 5 minutes since the bus left. 公汽開(kāi)走已有5分鐘了

⑵    It + be + 時(shí)間段 + before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句:

該句型中，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be若為肯定式，意為“過(guò)多久才......”；若為否定式時(shí)，意為“沒(méi)過(guò)多久就......”。

Eg : It will be 3 hours before he comes back.要過(guò)三個(gè)小時(shí)他才會(huì)回來(lái)

It was 3 hours before he came back. 過(guò)了三個(gè)小時(shí)他才回來(lái)

⑶    It + be + 時(shí)間點(diǎn) + when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

這個(gè)句型中, it 代指時(shí)間，表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞前沒(méi)有介詞。

Eg : It will be Monday when he comes back. 他周一的時(shí)候回來(lái).

It was Monday when he came back. 他周一回來(lái)的.

對(duì)比：It was on Monday that he came back . (強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

⑷    It + is (about/high) time + (that) sb did/should do sth

意為“該是某人做…的時(shí)候了”， about/high是用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，that從句用should或動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)表虛擬。亦可轉(zhuǎn)換成 It + is+ time +(for sb )to do sth.

Eg : It’s (high/about) time (that) we handed in/should hand in our homework.

⑸    It / This / That +is+ the first(second …) time + that sb has done sth:

意為“這是某人第…次做…”，注意time前有序數(shù)詞，主句是 is 時(shí) ，從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果主句用was ，則從句須用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

Eg : It is the third time that I have seen the film.

That was the second time that I have been there.

IV． It 引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句

☆強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式：It + is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+ that/who 從句

Eg: It was last week that I met an old friend in the street.

It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday.

(強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能強(qiáng)調(diào)由because所引導(dǎo)的從句.)

☆判斷方法：將It is/was和that去掉，若該句是一個(gè)完整無(wú)缺的句子即為強(qiáng)調(diào)句.

☆常考考點(diǎn)：

①?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致

Eg: It is you，rather than he，that are to blame for the accident．

②插入從句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 

Eg: It was in the restaurant where we had dinner last Sunday that you left your wallet．

③強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句形式

一般疑問(wèn)句：Is / Was it + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that + 句子其余部分 ?

Eg: Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?

特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+ be + it + that + 句子其余部分?

Eg: When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？

④強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于名詞性從句, 尤其注意要使用陳述語(yǔ)序。

 Eg: I don’t know when it was that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？

⑤not until用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

It is / was not until ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋ that ＋其他部分

Eg : It was not until midnight that she went back home.

此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，till和until可通用。因?yàn)榫湫椭蠭t is / was not...已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句。

V． It其他常見(jiàn)用法：

It looks / appears as if ... 看起來(lái)好像……

It seems that ... 似乎……

It turns out that... 原來(lái)是……

It occurs to/strikes sb that… 突然想到……

It happened that ... 碰巧……

It doesn’t matter whether/if…無(wú)論是…沒(méi)關(guān)系

It is no wonder that 難怪…

It all depends/that all depends.那得看情況

It's up to sb.由……決定，由……負(fù)責(zé)，取決于……

as it is (1)事實(shí)上，實(shí)際情況是……; (2)照原樣

make it成功、做到、說(shuō)定

Believe it or not.信不信由你

How did it come about that … “……怎么發(fā)生的？”

完成句子鞏固練習(xí)：

1.       I was about to go to the airport when ____________________that I had left my passport in the living room.(occur)

我剛要出發(fā)去機(jī)場(chǎng)，這時(shí)我突然想起我把護(hù)照落在起居室了。

2.       You have no idea _______________________to take every chance to live life to the fullest.(how)

你不知道，充分利用一切機(jī)會(huì)讓自己的生活更加充實(shí)，這對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)有多重要。

3.       ________________________ China successfully sent up Shenzhou-8 into space? (when)

中國(guó)究竟是什么時(shí)候成功發(fā)射了神舟八號(hào)的？

4.       It was the first time that I ________________, anyhow, I was confident of myself. (undertake)

這是我第一次承擔(dān)如此重要的任務(wù)，但不管怎樣，我對(duì)自己有信心。

5.       _________________________that we’ll have a three-day holiday next month. (announce)

已經(jīng)宣布，我們下個(gè)月將會(huì)有一個(gè)三天的假期。

6.       It has been ten years ____________________________.(join)

自從他參軍以來(lái)已經(jīng)有十年了。

7.       Each new way of looking at a situation improves our understanding and ________________ to discover new possibilities. (make)

每種看待事物的方式都提高我們的理解力并且使得發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物更容易。

8.       The professor doesn’t know __________________________ the medicine can be tested on human patients. (before)

教授不知道還要多久才能將這種藥在病人身上試驗(yàn)。

9.       ______________________how many of these new technologies will become reality. (remain)

究竟有多少新技術(shù)將成為現(xiàn)實(shí)還有待觀(guān)察。

10. It was in the village where you once lived __________________(happen)

這起事故就發(fā)生在你曾經(jīng)生活過(guò)的村莊。

11.   The information technology is developing so fast ___________________what computers can do in the next 20 years.(predict)

信息技術(shù)發(fā)展如此之快，以致于難以預(yù)測(cè)電腦在今后20年里能做些什么。

12.   He is diligent and works efficiently and ________________           he stands out in every subject. (wonder)

他學(xué)習(xí)勤奮，而且效率高，難怪他門(mén)門(mén)學(xué)科表現(xiàn)突出。

13.   You may _______________ I will come to your assistance whenever you are in trouble. (rely)

你可以相信，無(wú)論什么時(shí)候只要你有困難，我都會(huì)來(lái)幫你。

14.   My English teacher suggested __________________ to listen to English programmes half an hour before going to bed every day. (rule)

我的英語(yǔ)老師建議我養(yǎng)成每晚睡覺(jué)前聽(tīng)半個(gè)小時(shí)英語(yǔ)節(jié)目的習(xí)慣。

15.  You can                  that he will never do anything that is harmful to our friendship. (depend)

你可以放心，他絕不會(huì)做任何對(duì)我們的友誼有害的事情的。 

16. You must             all the lights are turned off before you leave your classroom.   (see)

你必須確保在你離開(kāi)之前所有的燈都關(guān)掉了。

17.                that removed the bronze statue from the square of St.Petersburg ? (who)

是誰(shuí)從St. Petersburg 廣場(chǎng)移走銅像的？

18. It was the computer that broke down halfway                   for the loss of all my files. (blame)

   是半路拋錨的汽車(chē)該為我所有文件的丟失負(fù)責(zé)任。

19. I wonder                     makes him so successful in business. (it)

我在想是什么使他生意做得如此成功。

20. It was at the G20 meeting                      on how to fight against pollution all over the world. (come)

  正是在二十國(guó)峰會(huì)上，許多關(guān)于全球如何抗擊污染的好建議被提了出來(lái)。

213. It is completely wrong of George                 all that his parents do for him. (take)

   喬治認(rèn)為父母給予他得一切都是理所當(dāng)然的，這是完全錯(cuò)誤的。

224. It was not long                   of smoking. (get)

   沒(méi)過(guò)多久，他就染上了抽煙的習(xí)慣。

23. It is widely acknowledged that perseverance is                 to do anything well. (take)

   人們普遍認(rèn)為，做好任何事情都需要毅力。

24. It’s high time that we                       to stop pollution and improve our environment. (take)

   我們真該采取措施來(lái)阻止污染，改善環(huán)境了。

25.               the Second World War that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully recognized. (until)

直到第二次世界大戰(zhàn)，弗雷明發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性才被完全認(rèn)可。