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1.It is+被強調(diào)部分+that...
【說明】該句型是強調(diào)句型，將被強調(diào)的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，強調(diào)的主語如果是人，可以用來替換。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個完整的句子，這也是判斷強調(diào)句型與其他從句的方法。【例句】 It was they that /who cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2. It is not until +被強調(diào)的部分+ that...【說明】該句型譯成漢語“直到……才”，可以說是的強調(diào)形式。【例句】 It was not until she took off her sun glasses that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her sun glasses did I realize she was a film star.=I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her sun glasses.3. It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that….【說明】該句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然、真的、肯定）”是主語從句最常見的結(jié)構(gòu)。【例句】 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. =That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural…) that…【說明】由于主句中的形容詞不同，that后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形）should 可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。【例句】 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.5. It is said (reported, learned…) that…【說明】該句型中的it 仍是形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說（據(jù)報道，據(jù)悉……）【例句】 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.6. It is suggested (ordered…) that…【說明】主句中的過去分詞是表示請求、建議、命令等詞時，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣 （should+動詞原形）。可以省略，常譯為“據(jù)建議；有命令……”【例句】 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.7. It is a pity (a shame…) that …【說明】在該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。【例句】 It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill.8. It is time (about time, high time) that…【說明】該句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣。注意：常用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬，有時也用should+動詞原形，should 不能省。常譯為“是（正是）……的時候”【例句】 It is time that children should go to bed. =It is time that children went to bed.9. It is/was the first (second, …)time that…【說明】該句型應(yīng)和上一個句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時態(tài)。至于用哪種完成時態(tài)，由主句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)來決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；如果是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可以省去；it有時用this替換，常譯為“是第一（二,…）次…”。 【例句】It is the first time that I have been there. 【說明】該句型主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時，要和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。主句中是時間作表語，其時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時和完成時，引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時態(tài)，而且是瞬間動詞。如果主句是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時。【例句】 It is (has been) 5 years since his father died. It is almost five years since we saw each other last time. 【說明】該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個時間狀語從句，主句中的it指時間，表語由具體的時間充當(dāng)。常譯為“當(dāng)……的時候，是……”【例句】It was 5 o’clock when he came here.【說明】該句型主句中的it指時間，主句中的時態(tài)常是一般將來時或過去時兩種時態(tài)，主句中的表語多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示時間段的詞和短語。常譯為“…之后才”，“沒過……就……”。It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.It will not be long before he finishes his job.13. It happens (seems, looks, appears) that…【說明】該句型中的it 是形式主語，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的happen, seem等詞是不及物動詞。【例句】 It happened that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧……) It seems that he will be back in a few days. (看來……)14. It takes sb…to do sth.【說明】該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時間。常譯為“做……要花費某人……”【例句】It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.15．It is no good (use) doing sth.【說明】該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).【例句】It is no good learning English without speaking English.16. It doesn’t matter whether…【說明】該句型中的引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語，該句型譯為“不論（是否）……沒關(guān)系……【例句】It doesn’t matter whether they are old.17．It is kind (of sb) to do sth.【說明】該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由of引出，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語的形容詞。常見的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教養(yǎng)的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。這個句型可以改寫為sb.is kind to do sth.【例句】 It is kind of you to stay so. 18. It is necessary (for sb) to do sth【說明】該句型與上一句統(tǒng)屬一個句型。如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for 引出的，主句的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見的形容詞有：Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant.等。【例句】 It is important for her to come to the party. =It is important that she (should) come to the party. 19. It looks (seems) as if …【說明】該句型中it 無意義。As if 引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句，常譯為：“看起來好像……”，如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。【例句】 It looks as if he is ill. （真的病了） It looks as if he was ill. （事實上沒有生病）【說明】該句型中的it作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為“7123結(jié)構(gòu)”7指主句的動詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take.3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。We think it important to learn a foreign language.We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. XiaoLi felt it important learning English well.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
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