2013·新課標全國卷Ⅰ

第二部分　英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)

第一節(jié)　單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

例： We________ last night, but we went to the concert instead.

A．must have studied  B. might study

C. should have studied  D. would study

答案是C。

21．—Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!

—________，madam.  It's our soup of the day.

A. Let me see  B. So it is

C. Don't  mention it  D. Neither do I

21．B 　本題考查交際用語。let me see 讓我想一想； so it is 它的確是；     don't mention it 不客氣； neither do I 我也不。上下句中的soup提示，雙方都在說同一個湯，顯然答話人認同對方的說法，故選B。句意：——啊，這只不過是普通的蔬菜湯！——夫人，的確是。這是我們今天的特色湯。

22．] They might just have a place ________on the writing course—why don't you give it a try?

A. leave  B. left

C. leaving  D. to leave

22．B 　本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。此處left作定語修飾a place。句意：他們可能還有個預留的學習寫作課的機會，你為什么不試一試呢？

23． Try not to cough more than you can ________  since it may cause problems to your lungs.

A. check    B. allow

C. stop  D. help

23．D 　本題考查動詞詞義辨析。解題關鍵：考生需掌握短語more than one can help的意思 “盡量不，絕對不”，故正確答案是D。句意：盡量不要咳嗽，因為這會給你的肺帶來問題。

24． If we    ________   now to protect the environment, we'll live to regret it.

A. hadn't acted  B. haven't acted

C. don't act  D. won't act

24．C 　本題考查動詞時態(tài)。此處if引導一個真實條件句。在真實條件句中，謂語動詞涉及將來動作時，要用一般現在時代替一般將來時，所以用一般現在時，故C正確。句意：如果我們現在不采取行動保護環(huán)境，我們會遺憾一輩子。

25． Tony can hardly boil an egg，still ________  cook dinner.

A.less  B．little

C．much  D．more

25．A 　本題考查副詞用法。still less是固定短語，意思是“更不用說；何況”。句意：托尼幾乎不會煮雞蛋，更不用說做飯了。

26． Police have found    ________     appears to be the lost ancient statue.

A. which  B. where

C. how  D．what

26. D 　本題考查賓語從句的連接詞。及物動詞found后面顯然是一個賓語從句，而從句中缺少主語，所以正確答案鎖定連接代詞which和what。其中，which引導賓語從句時，意思是“哪一個；哪一些”，用于要求某人在有限數量中指明某人或某事物；what引導賓語從句時，意思是“……的事物”。句中沒有給出具體的數量，故選D。句意：警察已經找到了好像是失蹤的古代雕像的東西。

27． When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I    ________    my mind.

A. have changed  B. change

C. had changed  D．would change

27．A 　本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。題干中的but提示：“我”第一次見到布萊恩的時候不喜歡他，但現在喜歡他。故用現在完成時，選A。句意：當我第一次見到布萊恩的時候我不喜歡他，但我現在改變想法了。

28． The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police    ________．

A.not to do  B. not to

C. not do  D. do not

28．B 　本題考查動詞不定式的省略。根據句意可知，警察要求司機不要把車停在路邊?！耙竽橙俗瞿呈隆庇胊sk sb to do sth；“被要求做某事”用be asked to do sth。 but后的完整表達應該是：The driver was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside.為避免重復，題干中的空缺處是一個省略了的動詞不定式。故選B。句意：司機想把車停在路邊，但警察要求他不要這樣做。

29． The door    ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.

A. shouldn't  B. couldn't

C. wouldn't  D. mightn't

29. C 　本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。此處would not用來表達：即使某人努力讓某事發(fā)生，某事就是不發(fā)生。即為“偏不”的意思。故C正確。句意：無論她怎么用力推，門就是打不開。

30． At the last moment, Tom decided to    ________      a new character to make the story seem more likely.

A. put up  B. put in

C. put on  D. put off

30．B 　本題考查動詞短語辨析。put up舉起，張貼；put in 使……加入，使……進入；put on 穿上，上演；put off 推遲。句意：在最后一刻，湯姆決定添加一個新角色來使故事顯得更加真實。根據題干中的more likely提示，湯姆決定“添加”一個角色，故B正確。

31． India attained    ________      independence in 1947, after      ________  long struggle.

A./; a  B. the;  a

C. an; /  D. an;  the

31．A 　本題考查冠詞的用法。此處independence是不可數名詞，因此和不定冠詞連用。gain independence(獲得獨立)或declare independence(宣布獨立)是固定短語，不和冠詞連用，故第一個空不填任何冠詞。第二空a long struggle意為：一場長期的斗爭。故A正確。句意：印度在經過一段長期的斗爭之后，在1947年獲得獨立。

32． There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery    ________      another man, also intelligent, fails.

A. since  B．if

C. as  D. while

32. D 　本題考查并列連詞的用法。句意：沒辦法知道為什么一個人有重大發(fā)現，而另外一個人雖然也很聰明，卻沒有(重大發(fā)現)。此處while是并列連詞，表示轉折和對比，意思是“然而”。根據句意選D。

33． “You can't judge a book by its cover，” ________．

A. as the saying goes old

B. goes as the old saying

C. as the old saying goes

D. goes as old the saying

33．C 　本題考查as引導的狀語從句。此處as引導一個方式狀語從句，意思是“如……一樣”。句意：正如那句古老的諺語所說的那樣，“人不可貌相?！备鶕湟膺xC。

34． It was a real race    ________  time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.

A. over  B. by

C. for   D. against

34. D 　本題考查介詞的用法。題干中的it顯然是形式主語，真正的主語是不定式to get the project done。句意：完成這個項目真的是在和時間賽跑。幸運的是，我們贏了。

35． The sunlight is white and blinding,    ________    hard­edged shadows on the ground.

A. throwing 

B．being thrown

C．to throw 

D．to be thrown

35．A 　本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。句子主語the sunlight和throw是主動關系，故用現在分詞。此處是現在分詞短語作結果狀語，表示自然的結果。故選A。句意：陽光熾白炫目，在地上投下濃重的陰影。

第二節(jié)　完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

I went  to a group activity，“Sensitivity Sunday”，which was to make us more  __36__    the problems faced by disabled people. We were asked to “  __37__  a disability” for several hours one Sunday. Some members,  __38__，  chose to use wheelchairs. Others wore sound­blocking earplugs(耳塞)or blindfolds(眼罩)．

 Just sitting in the wheelchair was a   __39__  experience.I had never considered before how   __40__  it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my   __41__  made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not   __42__.   Then I wondered where to put my  __43__．It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into  __44__. I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of  __45__   for several hours. For disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(臨時的)  __46__. 

 I tried to find a  __47__  position and thought it might be restful,  __48__  kind of nice, to be  __49__  around for a while. Looking around，I  __50__   I would have to handle the thing myself！My hands started to ache as I  __51__  the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the  __52__  of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n)  __53__  task.

 My wheelchair experiment was soon  __54__.  It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the  __55__，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.

36．A.curious about  B. interested in 

C. aware of  D. careful with 

37．A.cure  B．prevent        

C．adopt  D．analyze 

38．A.instead  B．strangely      

C．as usual  D．like me

39．A.learning  B．working        

C．satisfying  D．relaxing

40．A.convenient  B．awkward        

C．boring  D．exciting

41．A.height  B．force          

C．skill  D．weight

42．A.locked  B．repaired       

C．powered  D．grasped

43．A.hands  B．feet           

C．keys  D．handles

44．A.place  B．action         

C．play  D．effect

45．A.operation  B．communication 

C．transportation  D．production

46．A.exploration  B．education       

C．experiment  D．entertainment

47．A.flexible  B. safe           

C. starting  D. comfortable

48．A. yet  B. just           

C. still  D. even

49．A.shown  B. pushed        

C. driven  D. guided

50．A.realized  B. suggested      

C. agreed  D. admitted

51．A. lifted  B. turned        

C. pressed  D. seized

52．A. path  B. position        

C. direction  D. way

53．A. easy  B. heavy          

C. major  D. extra

54．A. forgotten  B. repeated        

C. conducted  D. finished

55．A. weaknesses  B. challenges       

C. anxieties  D. illnesses

【要點綜述】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者參加了一次周日殘疾體驗活動，通過對自己幾個小時使用輪椅的詳細記述，說明了殘疾人生活的不易。文章的最后給了我們這樣的啟示：殘疾人必須克服心理和身體上的挑戰(zhàn)。

36．C　考查形容詞短語的含義。根據空白處后面的the problems faced by disabled people可知，活動的目的是為了“意識”到殘疾人面臨的問題。

37．C　考查動詞詞義辨析。根據下文“Some members…Others wore…”可知作者被要求“挑選”一種殘疾，而不是“治愈、阻止或分析”。

38．D　考查語境理解。根據最后一段第一句中的“My wheelchair experiment…”可知，作者選擇使用輪椅。有些人也“像我”一樣選擇了輪椅。

39．A　考查動詞詞義辨析。根據后句“I had never considered before how…”和這段最后一句的感慨可知，作者認為坐在輪椅上就是一次“學習”的經歷，而不是工作經歷或令人滿意、令人放松的經歷。

40．B　考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據第二段的描述可知，以前作者從未意識到使用輪椅有多么的“笨拙”。

41．D　考查名詞詞義辨析。狀語從句部分“As soon as I sat down…”提示，輪子動起來發(fā)生的時間是當作者一坐下去的時候，顯然能讓輪子動起來的不可能是作者的身高或技巧，而是作者的體重。force也有“力”的意思，但表示可以做功的各種力，范圍太大，所以最佳答案是D。

42．A　考查動詞詞義辨析。后句Then提示：本句是對上句輪子為什么會轉動的解釋，顯然因為輪子未被鎖住。

43．B　考查名詞詞義辨析。根據下文“費了好長時間我才讓金屬footrest (腳蹬)歸位”可知，這時的作者不知道把自己的腳放在哪里，畢竟是健康人在模擬殘疾人的生活。

44．A　考查名詞詞義辨析。put …into place有“把……歸位”的意思。作者是健康人，他/她剛坐到輪椅上不會駕輕就熟，所以即便將腳蹬歸位這樣簡單的動作，竟然用了很長時間。

45．C　考查名詞詞義辨析。作者參加的是使用輪椅幾小時的體驗活動，而輪椅是一種交通工具，故最佳答案是C。means of transportation 交通工具。

46．C　考查名詞詞義辨析。根據第一段可知，作者參加的是殘疾體驗活動，使用輪椅只不過是個實驗，但對殘疾人而言，使用輪椅可不只是個實驗，而是一輩子的生活。

47．D　考查形容詞詞義辨析。作者努力要找一個舒服的姿勢，從而被人推著四處走動是件讓人放松的事，所以要找的不是“靈活的、安全的或開始的”的姿勢。

48．D　考查副詞詞義辨析。相比空白處前面的restful，空白處后面的kind of nice顯然遞進了一步，所以最佳答案是even，意思是“甚至”。

49．B　考查動詞詞義辨析。作者坐著輪椅，自然希望被人推，而不是開車接送或引導，更不會是被人帶領四處逛逛。

50．A　考查動詞詞義辨析。四下張望，“我”意識到只能自己搞定這件事。

51．B　考查動詞詞義辨析。上句中提到作者意識到沒人幫忙推輪椅，只能自己搞定這件事。言外之意是，作者得讓輪椅動起來。輪椅的輪子自然得轉動，作者的手在輪椅轉動起來的同時，開始疼，因為用手撥動輪椅才能轉。

52．C　考查名詞詞義辨析。輪椅是一種交通工具，而交通工具最重要的是掌控方向，這是生活常識。所以，本題的正確答案是C。

53．A　考查形容詞詞義辨析。上句提到，撥動沉重的輪子的時候，作者的手開始疼。既然輪子重，手又疼，可推知撥動輪椅不是件容易的事。

54．D　考查動詞詞義辨析。本題出現在最后一段的第一句話，這段正是文章總結性的段落，作者要感慨殘疾人的不易，自然要到體驗結束，而不是體驗被遺忘、重復或實施的時候。

55．B　考查名詞詞義辨析。A項意為“弱點”；B項意為“挑戰(zhàn)”；C項意為“焦慮”；D項意為“疾病”。 “我”只是“品嘗”了一下殘疾人必須要克服的心理和身體上的挑戰(zhàn)。

第三部分　閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)　(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。

A

Some  people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them.Take my family's last vacation.It was my six­year­old son's winter break from school，and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked，and Delta, the airline，offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York，so I had to get back. But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay. I took my nine­month­old and  took off for home.

The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged—okay, ordered—them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1，600. Not bad, huh?

  Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big­time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.

 I've made a living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do  what I believe in.

I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's  worth. I'm  also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children，and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it's the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.

56．Why did Delta give the author's family credits?

A. They took  a later flight.

B. They had early bookings.

C. Their flight had been delayed.

D. Their flight had been cancelled.

57．What can we learn about the author?

A. She rarely misses a good deal.

B. She seldom  makes a compromise.

C. She is very strict with her children.

D. She is interested in cheap products.

58．What does the author do?

A. She's a teacher.

B. She's a housewife.

C. She's a media person.

D. She's a businesswoman.

59．What does the author want to tell us?

A．How to expose bad tricks.

B. How to reserve airline seats.

C. How to spend money wisely.

D. How to make a business deal.

【要點綜述】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過一家人乘飛機返家過程中由于機票超額預定，從而推遲回家而得到航空公司的賠償一事，引出在日常生活中如何利用一些機會合理地花錢，體現了一個女人在持家方面的睿智。

56．A　細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段中的“…Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.”可知，他們是因為放棄了本航班的機票從而得到航空公司的賠償，他們第二天離開。故選A。

57．A　推理判斷題。根據文章第三段中的“…as a big­time bargain hunter…a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.”可以推知作者很少錯過便宜貨。故選A。

58．C　事實細節(jié)題。根據文章第四段中的“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.”可知，作者是個媒體記者。故選C。

59．C　主旨大意題。縱觀全文，尤其是第一段和最后一段：第一段指出作者是省錢一族；最后一段描述了作者對不同產品的不同決策，指出對于質量高的產品也會毫不猶豫地買，說明了作者花錢的明智。故選C。

B

    The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert(警覺). Twenty  centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝視) starts to lose its focus—until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同樣地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

60．The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's________．

A．sense of hearing

B．sense of sight

C．sense of touch

D．sense of smell

61．Babies are sensitive to the change in ________．

A．the size of cards

B．the colour of pictures

C．the shape of patterns

D．the number of objects

62．Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B．To see how babies recognize sounds.

C．To carry their experiment further.

D．To keep the babies' interest.

63．Where does this text probably come from?

A．Science fiction.

B．Children's literature.

C．An advertisement.

D．A science report.

【要點綜述】 本文是一篇說明文。通過變化紙上的黑點及鼓的敲打次數對嬰兒的視覺、聽覺進行實驗。

60．B　推理判斷題。根據文章第一段中的“She stares at it carefully.”可知，本段是對孩子的視覺進行實驗。故選B。

61．D　事實細節(jié)題。根據文章第二段中的“Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.”可知D正確。

62．C　推理判斷題。文章第一段描述對孩子的視力進行實驗，接下來用鼓來對孩子的聽力繼續(xù)實驗。所以選C。

63．D　推理判斷題?？v觀文章，這是一篇醫(yī)學實驗報告，所以選D。

C

It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama's Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”．However，he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.

And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven't.In the World Book Day's “Report on Guilty Secrets”，Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books，and various authors，which people have lied about reading，and as I'm not one to lie too often (I'd hate to be caught out)，I'll admit here and now that I haven't read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that，unlike 42 percent of people，I have read the book at number one，George Orwell's 1984.I think it's really brilliant.

The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen，Charles Dickens，Fyodor Dostoevsky(I haven't read him，but haven't lied about it either )and Herman Melville.

Asked why they lied，the most common reason was to“impress”someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more in­depth!

But when asked which authors they actually enjoy，people named J．K.Rowling，John Grisham，Sophie Kinsella(ah，the big sellers，in other words)．Forty­two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(I'll come clean：I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)．

64．How did the author find his friend a book liar?

A．By judging his manner of speaking.

B．By looking into his background.

C．By mentioning a famous name.

D．By discussing the book itself.

65．Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report?

A．Charles Dickens is very low on the top­ten list.

B．42% of people pretended to have read 1984.

C．The author admitted having read 9 books.

D．Dreams From My Father is hardly read.

66．By lying about reading，a person hopes to    ________．

A．control the conversation

B．appear knowledgeable

C．learn about the book

D．make more friends

67．What is the author's attitude to 58% of readers?

A．Favorable.

B．Uncaring.

C．Doubtful.

D．Friendly.

【要點綜述】 本文是一篇議論文。作者通過與朋友聊天引出本文的話題book liar，列舉了大家謊稱讀了實際未讀的書目，以及大家喜歡的一些作家，并闡述了人們撒謊的常見理由。

64．D　細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段可知，作者跟他的朋友深談有關奧巴馬的那本書時，發(fā)現朋友對奧巴馬的背景一無所知，這暗示出朋友其實并沒有讀過這本書。故選D。

65．B　推理判斷題。本題的關鍵詞是guilty secret，定位第二、三段。根據文章第二段中的“But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell's 1984.”可知，作者讀過《1984》這本書，而42%的人沒讀過卻裝作讀過。故選B。

66．B　細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第四段中的“Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to ‘impress’ someone they were speaking to.”可知，人們之所以選擇撒謊是想讓對方覺得自己知識淵博，從而給對方留一個好的印象。因此B正確。

67．C　推理判斷題。文章第五段的最后一句話表明作者的態(tài)度，故選C。

D

The National Gallery

Description：

The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2，300 examples of European art ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.

Layout：

The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th­ to 15th­century paintings，and artists include Duccio，Uccello，Van Eyck，Lippi，Mantegna，Botticelli and Memling.

The main West Wing houses 16th­century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，Titian and Veronese.

The North Wing houses 17th­century paintings，and artists include Caravaggio，Rubens，Poussin，Van Dyck，Velázquez，Claude and Vermeer.

The East Wing houses 18th­ to early 20th­century paintings，and artists include Canaletto，Goya，Turner，Constable，Renoir and Van Gogh.

Opening Hours：

The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm(Fridays 10 am to 9 pm)and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

Getting There：

Nearest underground stations: Charing  Cross(2­minute walk), Leicester  Square(3­minute walk)，Embankment(7­minute walk)，and Piccadilly Circus(8­minute walk)．

68．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?

A．The 13th.

B．The 17th.

C．The 18th.

D．The 20th.

69．Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?

A．In the East Wing.

B．In the main West Wing.

C．In the Sainsbury Wing.

D．In the North Wing.

70．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

A．Piccadilly Circus.

B．Leicester Square.

C．Embankment.

D．Charing Cross.

【要點綜述】本文是一篇應用文。作者介紹了英國倫敦國家美術館。分四大板塊進行介紹：整體描述、布局、開放時間以及可以到達美術館的地鐵站。

68．A　細節(jié)判斷題。根據文章第一段中的“It houses a diverse collection of more than 2，300 examples of European art ranging from 13th­century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.”可以斷定宗教美術作品是13世紀的。故選A。

69．B　細節(jié)判斷題。根據文章第三段中的“The main West Wing houses 16th­century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci…”可知B正確。

70．D　細節(jié)判斷題。根據文章最后一段中的“Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross(2­minute walk), Leicester Square(3­minute walk), Embankment(7­minute walk)，and Piccadilly Circus(8­minute walk)．”可以斷定Charing Cross是最近的。故選D。

第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)

根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利潤)—that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.   __71__   Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. __72__

    Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction，and control of the operations of a business.__73__   One is the establishment (制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production;  sales;  the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies;  and accounting.  __74__  The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(監(jiān)管)and guidance by the management in authority.  __75__ 

A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.

B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.

C．Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.

D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.

E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.

G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.

【解析】

71．D　考查上下文的語境理解。根據后文“Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.”可知，這些公司被普遍認為是非營利組織。所以，上文應該與其內容一致。D項：然而，一些公司只掙足夠的錢來滿足基本的經營費用。這說明它們不賺錢。這與后文內容相符。此處However也是關鍵詞，其前講的是盈利活動，其后是非營利公司活動。

72．C　考查上下文的語境理解。前文提到非營利公司，下文舉例說明哪些是非營利組織。

73．G　考查上下文的語境理解。第二段的第一句是總述，接下來從三個方面進行分述。

74．E　考查上下文的語境理解。根據上文“經營管理計劃有三個方面” 可知，這里談的是第二個方面。下文是The third…

75．A　考查上下文的語境理解。根據前文可知，三個方面已經講了兩個方面，接下來是第三個方面的內容。即對公司管理的整體控制。故選A。

第Ⅱ卷

第四部分　寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)

第一節(jié)　短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

   假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

     增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

     刪除： 把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

     修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

     注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

           2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.I was only four when she passes away.She is just a distant memory for me now.

I remember my grandfather very much.He was tall，with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.He had a deep voice，which set himself apart from others in our small town，he was strong and powerful.In a fact，he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.

【解析】

I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holdinghold me on her knees and sing old songs.I was only four when she passespassed away.She is just a distant memory for me now.

I remember my grandfather very muchwell/clearly.He was tall，with broad shouldershoulders and a beard that turned from black towardto/into gray over the years.He had a deep voice，which set himselfhim apart from others in our small town, ∧and he was strong and powerful.In fact，he even scared my classmates away duringwhen they came over to play or do homework with me.However, he was the gentlest man I have neverever known.

1．holding改為hold  　考查不定式的用法。此處used to意為“過去常?！?，to是不定式符號。故用動詞原形。

2．passes改為passed  　考查動詞時態(tài)。根據前面的“I was only four…”可知，用一般過去時。

3．much改為 well/clearly  　考查副詞詞義及用法。根據句意可知，我很清楚地記得我的爺爺。

4．shoulder改為shoulders  　考查名詞單復數的用法。根據常理可知“人有兩個肩膀”，所以用復數形式。

5．toward改為to/into 　考查介詞的用法。根據句意可知，這里指黑胡子變成了花白胡子，所以用turn from…to/into…的形式。

6．himself改為him  　考查代詞的用法。句意：他深沉的聲音把他和別人區(qū)別開來。所以用him。

7．he前加and   　考查連詞的用法。根據句中結構可知兩個分句是并列關系，所以用and連接。

8．去掉fact前的a  　考查冠詞的用法。根據固定短語in fact可知，去掉a。

9．during改為when  　考查狀語從句的連接詞。“…they came over to play or do homework with me.”是句子，所以，用連詞when。during是介詞，不能連接狀語從句。

10．never改為 ever  　考查副詞詞義及語境理解。根據句意“他是我認識的最紳士的人”可知，將never改為ever。

第二節(jié)　書面表達(滿分25分)

假定你是李華。請你給筆友Peter寫封信，告訴他你叔叔李明將去他所在城市開會，帶去他想要的那幅中國畫，同時詢問他是否可以接機。信中還需說明：

李明：高個子，戴眼鏡

航班號：CA985

到達：8月6日上午11：30

注意：1. 詞數100左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3. 開頭語和結束語已為你寫好。

Dear Peter,

How are you doing?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours，

Li Hua

【思路點撥】   寫信是中學生最熟悉的事，這種形式的寫作貼近學生生活，使他們有話可說。寫作時應注意下面幾點：

   (1)注意人稱，應該用第一人稱的形式給筆友Peter寫信。

   (2)注意時態(tài)的正確使用：信中對將來事情(如叔叔開會、航班抵達等)的描述與寫信人的請求應用一般將來時，叔叔李明的情況介紹用一般現在時。

   (3)要點全面、層次清楚、語言簡練。

   (4)注意恰當使用連接詞，使各個要點間邏輯連貫、行文通順。

   (5)適當使用一些高級句型和詞匯以提高作文檔次。

One possible version：

Dear Peter，

How_are_you_doing?

 I'm writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference, and I've asked him to bring you the Chinese painting you've asked for before.

   Also, I'd like you to do me a favor.Would you please meet my uncle at the airport and take him to his hotel since this is his first visit to the US? Thank you in advance!

   His flight number is CA985, and it will arrive at 11：30 am, August 6.My uncle is tall and he is wearing glasses.And he will be in a blue jacket.

   Looking_forward_to_your_reply.

                                   Yours，

                                   Li Hua