編者注:根據(jù)教育部統(tǒng)計(jì),2013年,中國共有3億英語學(xué)習(xí)者。在中國,英語從小學(xué)開始就是必修課,但是許多人經(jīng)過多年的英語學(xué)習(xí),仍然覺得“又聾又啞”。問題何在? 在Chinadaily的論壇上大家討論了這個(gè)問題,回答者有中國人,也有外國人;有學(xué)生也有老師。通過他們的回答,我們可以看出中國的英語教育是存在一些問題的。 用戶 Bacon (中國) I'm a Chinese college student studying English as a major right now. And I do think the English education in China can be counted as a failure. Many teachers can't speak fluent English, especially those in non-urban areas. The students are not encouraged to actively use the language, and much of what the teacher does is presenting the structural analysis of sentences, teaching the kids different grammar rules. 我是一名英語專業(yè)的中國大學(xué)生。我認(rèn)為中國的英語教育應(yīng)該算是失敗的。許多老師本身就不能流利地說英語,尤其是城市以外地區(qū)。老師并不是鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生積極使用這種語言,大部分時(shí)候都是在分析句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu),教給學(xué)生不同的語法規(guī)則。 用戶 ReaderPS(美國) If the goal is to excel in "English tests" which focuses too much on "grammar" and "translation", how can one expect fluent conversational English from pupils and teachers? Change the structure of the test to measure the ability of using English as the lingua franca in the most natural manner and you will start seeing the difference both in teachers and pupils. 如果英語課的目標(biāo)是讓學(xué)生在過分注重“語法”和“翻譯”的英語測驗(yàn)中取得優(yōu)異成績,怎么可能期望學(xué)生和老師流利地用英語對(duì)話? 改變測驗(yàn)結(jié)構(gòu),以最自然的方式衡量學(xué)生使用英語作為社交語言的能力,教師和學(xué)生都會(huì)取得巨大的進(jìn)步。 用戶 Plain truth(中國) "Learning English" in China is all about memorizing templates, filling in the blanks, and getting better grades. So basically the "products" from English education in China have generally perfect SAT and GRE grades with nearly no capability to communicate with people in an English-speaking environment. 在中國,“學(xué)習(xí)英語”離不開記憶范例,填空和取得更好的分?jǐn)?shù)。所以,總的來說,中國英語教育的“產(chǎn)物”在SAT和GRE考試中總是能取得高分,然而卻幾乎沒有在英語語言環(huán)境下與人們交流的能力。 用戶bluesky (美國) I taught Oral English in a rural village in Hunan. The level of English of my high-school students was miserable. In thousands of students, I never met one who could speak with any degree approaching proficiency. The clearest reason to me is the poor quality of Chinese English teachers. While many of them did speak English well, almost all had very strong accents or simply couldn't speak the language they were teaching. I ended up basically teaching 50/50 in Chinese and English so that there would be some comprehension. Ideally I wouldn't have to use Chinese at all, but that would be useless—the students never understood anything beyond single words. 我在湖南鄉(xiāng)下教英語口語。這些高中生的英語水平非常糟糕。在數(shù)千名學(xué)生中,我從未遇到一人可以比較熟練地說英語。在我看來,最顯而易見的原因是中國英語教師的質(zhì)量比較差。雖然有一些英語教師能說不錯(cuò)的英語,然而幾乎所有人都帶有濃重的口音,或者不能用英語教學(xué)。我在教學(xué)過程中幾乎要用一半中文一半英文,這樣學(xué)生才能理解。當(dāng)然,教學(xué)過程中最好不要用到中文,但是這是徒勞的,學(xué)生們只能理解簡單的單詞。 用戶Advancement (英國) I've taught ESL in China. Chinese classrooms from elementary school, middle school, high school, and college are huge. There can be anywhere from 40, 50, 60, or 70 students. One teacher I met had to teach a high school class of over 100 students. Now I am sure everyone knows the answer to this next question of "how can one learn a foreign language in such a class?" The answer is not extremely well. As a result, while the student has learned English for five, six, or seven years, only a small minority can communicate at a somewhat effective level. 我在中國教ESL(以英語為第二語言)。從小學(xué),初中,高中到大學(xué),中國的課堂都非常大,可能有40,50,60或者70名學(xué)生。我甚至遇到過一位老師,他教的高中班級(jí)有 100多名學(xué)生?,F(xiàn)在,我確信每個(gè)人都知道接下來這個(gè)問題的答案了:“在這么龐大的班級(jí)里,學(xué)生怎么能學(xué)好一門外語?”答案是,不可能學(xué)得很好。結(jié)果,當(dāng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語五年,六年,甚至七年以后,只有少數(shù)學(xué)生可以較為有效地用英語交流。 其實(shí),這個(gè)問題不僅僅是中國的問題,在其他一些非英語國家同樣存在。 用戶 Michael (美國) As an ESL teacher in Uruguay, it's appalling that people who are less than proficient in English are "teaching" the language. Furthermore, I agree that the written-based approach is outdated. Some of my students can recite the past participle of any verb but can't order a cup of coffee... You do have to learn grammar but the goal should always be to communicate and sometimes we're so worried about testing that we forget why we learn a language in the first place: to understand new cultures, to meet new people, and expand our horizons. 作為烏拉圭一名ESL老師,我很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)本身不精通英語的人卻在“教”英語。另外,我承認(rèn),基于書寫的學(xué)習(xí)方法過時(shí)了。我的一些學(xué)生能背誦任何一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)態(tài),卻連簡單的點(diǎn)一杯咖啡都不會(huì)。學(xué)習(xí)語法是必須的,但是最終的目標(biāo)是交流。有時(shí)我們太擔(dān)心考試,以至于忘記了我們學(xué)習(xí)一種語言的初衷:了解新的文化,結(jié)識(shí)新的人,拓寬我們的視野。 Hector(波多黎各) I was taught literal English in my native Puerto Rico which became useless when I moved to NY. I wanted to order a soda pop but we were taught "refresco" which literally means refreshment. The guy didn't know what the heck I was talking about. A good English teacher must be knowledgeable of the culture of the language he/she is teaching. 我在我的祖國波多黎各逐字逐句地學(xué)習(xí)了英語,但是搬到紐約之后我學(xué)到的英語完全沒用。我想點(diǎn)一杯汽水,老師教給我們的單詞是“refresco”,其實(shí)這個(gè)單詞真正的意思是“提神”。侍應(yīng)生一頭霧水,完全不知道我在說什么。一位好的英語老師必須了解他/她所教的語言的文化。 Murray (日本) In Japan, the English curriculum is so old … and so is the English they teach! Give high school students 1 hour and a topic they're really interested in and let them write something about it in English. You're lucky if you get more than 2 or 3 sentences. Speaking is even worse! 在日本,英語課程非常古老,他們教的英語也非常落后!給高中生一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間和一個(gè)他們感興趣的話題,讓他們用英語寫出相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。如果你能寫下超過兩句或三句話,那你已經(jīng)算是很幸運(yùn)了。而英語口語就更加糟糕了!(以上英文來源Chinadaily論壇,翻譯|齊慧) |
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