實用高中英語短語與句型詞典

refer

1. refer to

(1) 提到，談到。如：

This matter is finished, so please don’t refer to it. 這事已結束了，所以別再提它了。

(2) 意指，指……而言。如：

I don’t know what he refers to. 我不知他指的是什么。

When I said some people are stupid, I wasn’t referring to you. 我說有些人很愚蠢，并不是指你。

(3) 查閱，參考，看。如：

I often refer to a dictionary for the spelling of a word. 我經(jīng)常翻詞典查詞的拼法。

You can refer to your notes when you are speaking. 你發(fā)言時可以看稿子。

(4) 適用于，與……有關。如：

The regulations refer only to children. 這些規(guī)定只適用于小孩。

What I have to say refers to all of you. 我要說的事與你們大家都有關。

2. refer sth (sb) to

(1) 把某事歸功于……。如：

He referred his wealth to hard work. 他說他是勤勞致富。

(2) 叫某人參考或查詢……。如：

The teacher referred me to the dictionary. 老師叫我去查字典。

(3) 把……引向(轉給)……。如：

He referred me to the Enquiry Office. 他要我去找問訊處。

The shop referred the complaint (back) to the makers of the article. 商店把顧客批評產(chǎn)品的意見轉給廠方。

refuse

1. refuse sb sth 拒絕給某人某事物。如：

He refused her nothing. 她要什么他就給什么。

He refused me that book. 他拒絕給我那本書。

注：有時可轉換成 refuse sth to sb。如：

We refused him admittance. / We refused admittance to him. 我們不讓他入場。

2. refuse to do sth 拒絕(不愿)做某事。如：

He refused to help us. 他拒絕幫助我們。

She refused to tell her age. 她不愿說出她的年齡。

注：有時句子主語可以是事物。如：

The door refused to open. 門老是不開。

refuse 可接不定式，但一般不接不定式的復合結構。如：

誤：He refused me to go with him.

正：He refused to let me go with him. 他不讓我同他們去。

regard

1. as regards / with [in] regard to 關于，至于。如：

As regards money, I have enough. 至于錢，我有的是。

What have you to say in regard to that subject? 對那個問題你有什么要說的?

2. regard…as 把……看作。如：

He regard her as a fool. 他把她當作笨蛋。

He regarded the situation as (being) serious. 他認為形勢嚴重。

We can’t regard the matter as settled. 我們不能認為這事已經(jīng)解決。

注：該句型中的 as 通常不能省略，也不能改為 to be。

3. regard…with 用……看待。如：

They regard the situation with anxiety. 他們?yōu)榫謩輷鷳n。

We regard her behavior with suspicion. 我們對她的行為有懷疑。

4. send [give] sb one’s regards 向某人問好。如：

Mother sends his regards to you. 母親向你問好。

Please give him our (best) regards. 請代我們向他問好。

regret

1. regret doing [having done] sth 后悔(遺憾)做了某事。如：

She never regretted doing this. 她從沒后悔這樣做過。

I regret not coming [having come] earlier. 我后悔沒有來早點。

注：regret 后接動名詞，表示對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事表示遺憾， 該動名詞可用一般式，也可用完成式，有時還可以用不定式的完成式，但很少見。但是若句中含有具體的過去時間狀語， 則用動名詞的一般式表示已發(fā)生的動作。如：

I regret going there yesterday. 我后悔昨天去了那兒。

2. regret to do sth 很遺憾要做某事。如：

I regret to tell you that he can’t come. 很抱歉他不能來。

We regret to say that we can’t accept your kind offer. 很抱歉我們不能接受你的友好提供。

注：其后所接不定式通常是 to say, to tell, to inform 等，此時主語一般是第一人稱，且 regret 通常用現(xiàn)在時。

relate

1. be related to

(1) 與……有關或有聯(lián)系。如：

Light industry is closely related to agriculture. 輕工業(yè)與所有其它事物相聯(lián)系。

(2) 與……有親戚關系。如：

He is related to her father. 他同她父親有親戚關系。

2. relate to

(1) 與……有關。如：

This letter relates to the sale of the house. 這封信與賣房有關。

Did this matter relate to what he did last year? 這件事與他去年做的那件事有關系嗎?

(2) 與……相處好或適合某情況(多用于否定句)。如：

She doesn’t relate very well to her mother. 她與她母親關系不是很好。

有時也用介詞 with。如：

What he said doesn’t relate with the facts. 他說的話與事實不符合。

remember

1. remember doing [having done] sth 記得做過某事。如：

I remember seeing her somewhere. 我記得在哪里見過她。

Remember paying [having paid] him. 記住已經(jīng)付給他錢了。

Do you remember me [my] asking you that same question? 你還記得我問過你那同一個問題嗎?

注：remember 后接動名詞表示記住已經(jīng)做過或發(fā)生過的事，該名詞可用一般式，也可用完成式，有時還可用不定式的完成式，但不如用動名詞普通。

2. remember to do sth 記住要做某事。如：

Remember to come on time. 記住準時來。

He asked me to remember to tell her the new. 他叫我記得告訴她這個消息。

注：remember 后接不定式表示記住去做未做的事。

3. remember…as… 記得是。如：

I remember her as a pretty young girl. 我記得她是一個漂亮的小姑娘。

4. remember sb to sb 代某人向某人問好。如：

Please remember me to Mary. 請代我向瑪麗問好。

Mother asked to be remembered to you. 母親要我向你問好。

remind

1. remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事，提醒某人某事。如：

She reminds me of her mother. 我見到她便想起了她母親。

I reminded her of her promise. 我提醒了她答應過的事。

It reminded me of the mistakes I had made before. 這使我想起了我以前犯過的一些錯誤。

注：表示“提醒”時，有時可連用介詞 about。如：

If I forget, please remind me about it. 我要是忘了， 請?zhí)嵝盐摇?/span>

2. remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事。如：

He reminded me to read the book. 他提醒我要看看這本書。

The sight of the clock reminded me to leave at once. 一看鐘使我想起我得馬上走了。

比較 remind sb to do sth 與 remind sb of doing sth：前者意為“提醒某人去做某事”，其中的不定式所表示的動作尚未發(fā)生；后者表示“提醒某人或使某人想起已經(jīng)做過某事”，其中的不定式所表示的動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。比較:

He reminded me to see the film. 他提醒我去看這部電影。

He reminded me of my seeing the film. 他提醒我說， 我曾看過這部電影。

repeat

1. repeat (sth) after sb 跟著某人說。如：

Repeat the text after me. 跟我讀課文。

Repeat after me: good, better, best. 跟我說：好，更好，最好。

2. repeat oneself 重說自己的話，重做自己做過的事。如：

Am I repeating myself? 這事我以前說過嗎?

History seems to be repeating itself. 歷史似乎在重演。

reply

1. reply to 回答，答復。如：

Have you replied to his letter? 你給他回信了嗎?

Please reply to my question at once. 請馬上回答我的問題。

2. in reply to 作為對……的回答(答復)。如：

What did you say in reply to his suggestion? 你是怎樣答復他的建議的?

3. make no reply 不作答。如：

I asked him if I could help, but he made no reply. 我問他我是否能幫忙，他沒有回答。

report

1. report to sb 向某人報告。如：

We must report to the teacher at once. 我們必須要馬上向老師報告。

2. report sb (sth) to sb 將某人(某事)向某人報告(告發(fā))。如：

We’ll report you to the teacher. 我們將向老師告發(fā)你。

He reported his discoveries to the professor. 他把自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)向教授作了匯報。

3. report doing sth 報告說做了某事。如：

They reported seeing [having seen] UFOs. 他們報告說他們看見了飛碟。

4. It’s reported that……據(jù)說……。如：

It’s reported that the driver was seriously injured. 據(jù)說司機受了重傷。

注：該句型也可說成：

The driver was reported (to be) seriously injured.

Report has it that the drivers was seriously injured.

Report says that the drivers was seriously injured.

request

1. at one’s request 應某人的請求(要求)。如：

We came at her request. 我們應她的請求而來。

He did it at his wife’s request. 他應妻子的要求做此事。

2. by request (of sb) 應(某人的)請求。如：

Buses stop here by request. 公共汽車招手即停。

I’ll sing this song by request (of Mrs Smith). 我將應(史密斯夫人之)邀演唱這首歌。

3. in (great) request 受歡迎的，眾人需求的。如：

Such books are in great request. 那樣的書非常需要。

These white socks have been much in request lately. 這種白色短襪近來很行俏。

4. request to do sth 要求(請求)做某事。如：

He requested to go alone. 他請求一個人去。

5. request sb to do sth 要求(請求)某人做某事。如：

I request him to help. 我請求他幫忙。

All the students are requested to attended the meeting. 所有學生都要求參加會議。

6. request sth of [from] sb 向某人要求某物。如：

They requested a loan from the bank. 他們要求銀行給他們一筆貸款。

All I request of you is that you (should) come earlier. 我對你的唯一要求就是要你來得更早點。

rescue

1. rescue sb from 把某人從……救出。如：

He managed to rescue him from danger. 他設法把他從危險中救了出來。

She was rescued from a burning building. 她被人從著火的大樓里救了出來。

2. come [go] to one’s rescue 營救或幫助某人。如：

Then we all went to his rescue. 這時我們都去援救他。

Our car wouldn’t start, but a friend came to our rescue and drove us home. 我們的汽車發(fā)動不起來了，一位朋友趕來幫忙，用車把我們送回了家。

research

1. do research on [into] 對……進行研究(調查)。如：

They have done a good deal of research on that subject. 他們對這一課題進行了大量的研究。

He’s doing research(es) into the causes of cancer. / He’s doing research(es) on cancer. 他在研究癌癥的病因。

注：對人或動物進行研究，通常用介詞 on。如：

The scientists are doing research on cats. 科學家們對貓進行研究

2. research on [into] 對……進行研究(調查)。如：

The professor is researching into Old English poetry. 這位教授在研究古英語詩歌。

The doctors are researching into[on] the effects of cigarette smoking. 醫(yī)生們在研究吸煙的影響。

注：對人或動物進行研究，通常用介詞 on。如：

We’re researching on monkeys. 我們在對猴子進行研究。

resist

1. resist doing sth 反抗做某事，(忍)耐做某事。如：

He resisted being carried off. 他反抗不讓帶走。

This metal resisted rusting. 這種金屬是防銹的。

2. can’t resist (doing) sth

(1) 忍住做某事。如：

He couldn’t resist laughing. 他忍不住笑了。

I can’t resist (making) a joke. 我忍不住要講個笑話。

(2) 忍不住要吃某東西。如：

I can’t resist a cigarette. 我忍不住要抽支煙。

She can’t resist sweet things. 她看到甜食就想吃。

respect

1. respect oneself 自尊，自重。如：

If you don’t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重，又怎能受到別人的尊重呢?

2. have [show] respect for 尊敬……。如：

I have the greatest respect for Jane’s judgment. 我非常尊重簡的判斷。

Students should show [have] respect for their teachers. 學生要尊敬老師。

3. send [give] sb one’s respects 向某人問候。如：

My mother gives [sends] you her respects. / My mother gives

[sends] her respects to you. 我母親向你問候。

rest

1. have [take] a rest 休息一會兒。如：

Let’s stop and take [have] a rest. 我們停下來歇會兒吧。

You’re tired. Why don’t you have [take] a rest? 你累了，為什么不休息一會兒呢?

2. the rest 其余的人(物)，剩下的部分。如：

The rest needs no telling. 其余的就不用說了。

One of the books is written in Chinese, and the rest are

in English. 那些書中有一本是中文的，其余都是英文聽。

注：the rest 用作主語時，其謂語要根據(jù)它所指的內容，可用單數(shù)或復數(shù)(見上例)。

result

1. as a result 結果，因此。如：

As a result he had to leave his country. 結果他只好離開自己的國家。

He had some bad fish. As a result, he felt ill. 他吃了些壞魚，結果感到不舒服。

2. as a [the] result of 由于……的結果。如：

He is unable to go to work as a result of the fall from his horse. 他從馬上摔下來，所以不能上班了。

As a [the] result of his hard work, he got a pay rise. 由于他工作勤奮， 所以他加了工資。

3. result from 由于……而產(chǎn)生(的結果)。如：

Success results from hard work. 成功來自于努力工作。

The damage resulted from the fire. 這損失由火災所致。

4. result in 導致……(的結果)，以……而告終。如：

Our efforts resulted in success (failure). 我們的努力終于成功了(以失敗而告終)。

Love results in marriage, naturally. 戀愛終歸于婚姻(有情人終成眷屬)。

return

1. in return (for) (作為……的)報答或交換。如：

What can I do in return for your kindness? 我怎樣做才能報答你的好意呢?

She gave us food and clothing and asked for nothing in return. 她給我們食物和衣服，并沒向我們索取任何回報。

2. on [upon] one’s return：回來的時候。如：

On his return he went to see her. 他一回來就去看她。

On his return from work he found her asleep. 他下班回來，發(fā)現(xiàn)她睡著了。

3. return from 從……回來。如：

He has just returned from Paris. 他剛從巴黎回來。

We’re looking forward to your return from Paris. 我們盼望你從巴黎回來。

比較：He has just returned to Paris. 他剛回到巴黎。

4. return sb sth / return sth to sb 把某物還給某人。如：

He didn’t return me the book. / He didn’t return the book to me. 他沒有還書給我。

rich

1. be rich in 盛產(chǎn)……，充滿……，有豐富的……。如：

Our country is rich in minerals. 我國礦產(chǎn)豐富。

Oranges are rich in vitamin C. 桔子含有豐富的維生素C。

The city is rich in ancient buildings. 這個城市有很多古老的建筑。

2. rich and poor 窮人和富人。如：

Rich and poor celebrate the Spring Festival. 窮人和富人都慶祝春節(jié)。

3. rich or poor 不管是窮人還是富人。如：

Rich or poor, they are all my friends. 不管是窮人還是富要，他們都是我的朋友。

4. the rich 富人。如：

The rich should help the poor. 富人應該幫助窮人。

注：the rich 可以有修飾語。如：

You can tell the very rich by their evening dress. 你可以從晚禮服認出那些極有錢的富人。

rid

1. rid……of 改掉，擺脫，消滅。如：

You should rid yourself of that bad habit. 你應該要改掉那個壞習慣。

We must try to rid the house of mice. 我們一定要設法把屋里的老鼠消滅掉。

2. be rid of 消除掉，擺脫掉。如：

He was at last rid of the toothache. 他最后擺脫了牙痛。

She was glad to be rid of him. 她很高興擺脫了他(的糾纏)。

3. get rid of 擺脫，除掉，處理掉。如：

It took me a month to get rid of the cough. 拖了一個月我的咳嗽才好。

How can we get rid of the unwelcome visitor? 我們怎樣才能把這位不受歡迎的客人呢?