R

radio

1. byradio通過無線電。如：

He sent a message by radio. 他拍發(fā)了無線電報(bào)。

The police are talking to each other by radio. 警察在通過無線電談話。

2. on[over] theradio從無線電廣播中。如：

He decided to speak on the radio. 他決定發(fā)表廣播講話。

He heard the news on [over] the radio. 他從無線電廣播中聽到這個(gè)消息。

rather

1. rathertoo太……。如：

It’s rather too expensive. 這太貴了。

The exercise is rather too difficult. 這練習(xí)太難了。

2. wouldrather寧愿。如：

We’d rather stay at home. 我們寧愿呆在家里。

I would rather not tell him. 我寧愿不告訴他。

注：would rather 后接動(dòng)詞要用原形；若談?wù)撨^去情況，要用動(dòng)詞完成式；若后接從句，從句謂語(yǔ)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(指現(xiàn)在或?qū)碛眠^去時(shí)，指過去用過去完成時(shí))。如：

I’d rather have left yesterday. 昨天我本來寧愿離開的。

I’d rather you went tomorrow. 我寧愿你明天去。

I’d rather you hadn’t said it. 我真希望你沒有這樣說過。

3. wouldrather…than… 寧愿(做)……而不愿(做)……。如：

I’d rather walk than take a bus. 我寧愿走路而不愿乘公共汽車。

He would rather have the small one than (have) the large one. 他寧愿要小的那個(gè)，而不愿要大的。

注：would rather 和 than 后均接動(dòng)詞原形。

3. ratherthan而不，不是……(而是)，與其……(不如)。如：

He ran rather than walked. 他不是在走而是在跑。

He is a writer rather than a teacher. 與其說他是教師還不如說他是作家。

You are doing this for yourself rather than for me. 你做這件事不是為我而是為你自己。

It was what he meant rather than what he said. 這是他的意思，而不是他說的話。

注：rather than 前后連接的成分應(yīng)該是平行的；若是連接不定式，需注意：若主句有不定式，則 rather than之后可接不帶to 的不定式，也可接帶 to 的不定式(較正式)或動(dòng)詞的 -ing形式。如：

I decided to write rather than telephone. 我決定寫信而不打電話。

I believe it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase [increasing] wages. 我相信在新機(jī)器上投資比增加工資更重要。

若 rather than 位于句首，其后的不定式通常不帶to(但有時(shí)可接 -ing 動(dòng)詞)。如：

Rather than go there by air, I’d take the slowest train. 我寧可乘最慢的火車去也不愿坐飛機(jī)去。

Rather than waste [wasting] your time doing it yourself,

why don’t you call in a builder? 你為什么寧愿浪費(fèi)時(shí)間自己去干而不去請(qǐng)一個(gè)包工的呢?

reach

1. outof(one’s) reach伸手拿到不到。如：D8

The banana is out the monkey’s reach. 那香蕉伸手拿不到。

Keep the medicine out of the children’s reach. / Keep the medicine out of reach of the children. 把藥放在小孩伸手拿不到的地方。

注：有時(shí)也用 beyond (one’s) reach。如：

The shelf is so high it’s well out of [beyond] my reach. 架子太高，我根本夠不著。

比較 within (one’s) reach 伸手能拿到的地方。如：

I often have a dictionary within reach. 我通常把詞典放在伸手能拿到的地方。

2. reachout(for) 伸手(拿)。如：

He reached out and took the book. 他伸出手拿起了書。

He reached out for the book. / He reached out his hand for the book. 他伸手去拿那本書。

3. reachsbsth/ reachsthforsb把某物遞給某人。如：

Please reach me the book. / Please reach the book for me. 請(qǐng)把那本書遞給我。

Can you reach me my slippers? / Can you reach my slippers for me? 請(qǐng)把我的拖鞋遞給我好嗎?

ready

1. bereadyforsth為某事作好準(zhǔn)備。如：

Are you ready for the journey? 你為旅行準(zhǔn)備好了嗎?

The troops are ready for anything. 部隊(duì)已做好任何準(zhǔn)備。

2. bereadytodosth

(1) 愿意做某事。如：

She is always ready to help. 她總是很意愿幫忙。

If I have made any mistake, I’m ready to apologize. 要是我搞錯(cuò)了，我愿意道歉。

(2) 準(zhǔn)備好做某事。如：

We’re ready to start work. 我們已準(zhǔn)備開始工作了。

I’ll be ready to leave in five minutes. 我五分鐘后就可以走。

注：當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)為其后不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，該不定式用主動(dòng)式或被動(dòng)式均可。如：

The cake is ready to eat [to be eaten]. 這餅可以吃了。

(3) 簡(jiǎn)直要做某事，就要發(fā)生某事。如：

The girl is ready to cry. 這姑娘似乎要哭了。

The rope is ready to break. 這繩子會(huì)要斷了。

(4) 太喜歡做某事，動(dòng)輒就做某事。如：

Don’t be so ready to find fault. 不要?jiǎng)硬粍?dòng)就找毛病。

注：這樣用時(shí)有時(shí)可用 be ready with sth。如：

She is too ready to give [with] advice. 她太愛給別人出主意了。

3. getsthready將某事準(zhǔn)備好。如：

Mother’s getting dinner ready. 母親正在準(zhǔn)備晚餐。

He asked me to get the car ready. 他叫我把車準(zhǔn)備好。

4. makeready(forsth) (為某事)作好準(zhǔn)備。如：

They made ready for the attack. 他們作好了進(jìn)攻的準(zhǔn)備。

We’ve made ready for his visit. 我們已為他的來訪作好了準(zhǔn)備。

注：make ready 有時(shí)可與 get ready 換用。如：

He’s made [got] ready for departure [to depart]. 他已做好了出發(fā)的準(zhǔn)備。

reality

1. inreality事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上。如：

He is in reality rich. 他實(shí)際上很有錢。

He looks old, but in reality he is only thirty. 他看上去很老了，但實(shí)際上只有30歲。

2. becomeareality變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。如：

His dream of becoming a doctor became a reality. 他想當(dāng)醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。

really

1. notreally

(1) 不很。如：

A：Are you busy now? 你現(xiàn)在忙嗎?

B：Oh, not really. Why? 哦，不怎么忙，有什么事?

(2) 不會(huì)吧，不見得，不會(huì)是真的吧。如：

A：He married his cousin. 他同他表妹結(jié)了婚。如：

B：Not really. 不會(huì)吧。

reason

1. byreasonof由于，因?yàn)?，憑……的理由。如：

He escaped punishment by reason of youth. 他由于年輕，沒有受到處罰。

The plan failed by reason of bad organization. 這個(gè)計(jì)劃由于組織不周而失敗了。

2. forreasonsof由于……的原因。如：

He can’t come for reasons of health. 由于健康原因他不能來。

注：上句也可說成：

He can’t come for health reasons.

3. thereasonwhy(that)……的原因。如：

That’s the reason why he was dismissed. 那就是他被解雇的原因。

The reason why [that] he died was lack of medical care. 他的死因是缺乏醫(yī)療。

注：The reason why……is that……(之所以……是因?yàn)椤? 當(dāng)中的 that 在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中也可用 because代之，盡管用有人認(rèn)為用because 更合適。如：

The reason why I am late is that [because] I missed the bus. 我遲到是因?yàn)闆]趕上公共汽車。

4. thereis(a) reasontodosth有做某事的理由。如：

Is there any reason to go there? 有理由去那兒?jiǎn)?

There’s reason to believe that he is lying. 有理由相信他是在說謊。(8D)

There’s every reason to help him. 有充分的理由要幫助他。

注：以下各句也可說成：

Do you [we] have any reason to go there?

We have reason to believe that he is lying.

We have every reason to help him.

另外，有時(shí)也說 have (a) reason for doing sth。如：

He had a good reason for doing so. 他這樣做是有充分理由的。

recognize

1. recognizesth(sb) as認(rèn)出某物(某人)是，承認(rèn)某物(某人)是。如：

I recognized her as neighbour’s daughter. 我認(rèn)出她是我鄰居的女兒。

She recognized him as the cleverest in the class. 她承認(rèn)他是班上最聰明的。

注：其中的 as 有時(shí)可換成 to be。如：

I recognized her as [to be] a cheat. 我認(rèn)出她是個(gè)騙子。

reduce

1. reducesthby減少，降低。如：

We reduced the price by 10 percent. 我們把價(jià)格降低了百分之十。

She reduced her weight by six kilos. 她的體重減少了六公斤。

2. reducesth(sb) to

(1) 把某物減少到……。如：

She reduced her weight to 50 kilos. 她的體重減少到了50公斤。

(2) 使某人陷入某種狀態(tài)，使某人變成。如：

Hunger reduced them to stealing. 饑餓使他們淪落為盜賊。

She was reduced to silence (tears). 她變得啞口無言(哭了起來)。

refer

1. referto

(1) 提到，談到。如：

This matter is finished, so please don’t refer to it. 這事已結(jié)束了，所以別再提它了。

(2) 意指，指……而言。如：

I don’t know what he refers to. 我不知他指的是什么。

When I said some people are stupid, I wasn’t referring to you. 我說有些人很愚蠢，并不是指你。

(3) 查閱，參考，看。如：

I often refer to a dictionary for the spelling of a word. 我經(jīng)常翻詞典查詞的拼法。

You can refer to your notes when you are speaking. 你發(fā)言時(shí)可以看稿子。

(4) 適用于，與……有關(guān)。如：

The regulations refer only to children. 這些規(guī)定只適用于小孩。

What I have to say refers to all of you. 我要說的事與你們大家都有關(guān)。

2. refersth(sb) to

(1) 把某事歸功于……。如：

He referred his wealth to hard work. 他說他是勤勞致富。

(2) 叫某人參考或查詢……。如：

The teacher referred me to the dictionary. 老師叫我去查字典。

(3) 把……引向(轉(zhuǎn)給)……。如：

He referred me to the Enquiry Office. 他要我去找問訊處。

The shop referred the complaint (back) to the makers of the article. 商店把顧客批評(píng)產(chǎn)品的意見轉(zhuǎn)給廠方。

refuse

1. refusesbsth拒絕給某人某事物。如：

He refused her nothing. 她要什么他就給什么。

He refused me that book. 他拒絕給我那本書。

注：有時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換成 refuse sth to sb。如：

We refused him admittance. / We refused admittance to him. 我們不讓他入場(chǎng)。

2. refusetodosth拒絕(不愿)做某事。如：

He refused to help us. 他拒絕幫助我們。

She refused to tell her age. 她不愿說出她的年齡。

注：有時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)可以是事物。如：

The door refused to open. 門老是不開。

refuse 可接不定式，但一般不接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

誤：He refused me to go with him.

正：He refused to let me go with him. 他不讓我同他們?nèi)ァ?/p>

regard

1. asregards/ with[in] regardto關(guān)于，至于。如：

As regards money, I have enough. 至于錢，我有的是。

What have you to say in regard to that subject? 對(duì)那個(gè)問題你有什么要說的?

2. regard…as把……看作。如：

He regard her as a fool. 他把她當(dāng)作笨蛋。

He regarded the situation as (being) serious. 他認(rèn)為形勢(shì)嚴(yán)重。

We can’t regard the matter as settled. 我們不能認(rèn)為這事已經(jīng)解決。

注：該句型中的 as 通常不能省略，也不能改為 to be。

3. regard…with用……看待。如：

They regard the situation with anxiety. 他們?yōu)榫謩?shì)擔(dān)憂。

We regard her behavior with suspicion. 我們對(duì)她的行為有懷疑。

4. send[give] sbone’sregards向某人問好。如：

Mother sends his regards to you. 母親向你問好。

Please give him our (best) regards. 請(qǐng)代我們向他問好。

regret

1. regretdoing[havingdone] sth后悔(遺憾)做了某事。如：

She never regretted doing this. 她從沒后悔這樣做過。

I regret not coming [having come] earlier. 我后悔沒有來早點(diǎn)。

注：regret 后接動(dòng)名詞，表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事表示遺憾， 該動(dòng)名詞可用一般式，也可用完成式，有時(shí)還可以用不定式的完成式，但很少見。但是若句中含有具體的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)， 則用動(dòng)名詞的一般式表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：

I regret going there yesterday. 我后悔昨天去了那兒。

2. regrettodosth很遺憾要做某事。如：

I regret to tell you that he can’t come. 很抱歉他不能來。

We regret to say that we can’t accept your kind offer. 很抱歉我們不能接受你的友好提供。

注：其后所接不定式通常是 to say, to tell, to inform 等，此時(shí)主語(yǔ)一般是第一人稱，且 regret 通常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

relate

1. berelatedto

(1) 與……有關(guān)或有聯(lián)系。如：

Light industry is closely related to agriculture. 輕工業(yè)與所有其它事物相聯(lián)系。

(2) 與……有親戚關(guān)系。如：

He is related to her father. 他同她父親有親戚關(guān)系。

2. relateto

(1) 與……有關(guān)。如：

This letter relates to the sale of the house. 這封信與賣房有關(guān)。

Did this matter relate to what he did last year? 這件事與他去年做的那件事有關(guān)系嗎?

(2) 與……相處好或適合某情況(多用于否定句)。如：

She doesn’t relate very well to her mother. 她與她母親關(guān)系不是很好。

有時(shí)也用介詞 with。如：

What he said doesn’t relate with the facts. 他說的話與事實(shí)不符合。

remember

1. rememberdoing[havingdone] sth記得做過某事。如：

I remember seeing her somewhere. 我記得在哪里見過她。

Remember paying [having paid] him. 記住已經(jīng)付給他錢了。

Do you remember me [my] asking you that same question? 你還記得我問過你那同一個(gè)問題嗎?

注：remember 后接動(dòng)名詞表示記住已經(jīng)做過或發(fā)生過的事，該名詞可用一般式，也可用完成式，有時(shí)還可用不定式的完成式，但不如用動(dòng)名詞普通。

2. remembertodosth記住要做某事。如：

Remember to come on time. 記住準(zhǔn)時(shí)來。

He asked me to remember to tell her the new. 他叫我記得告訴她這個(gè)消息。

注：remember 后接不定式表示記住去做未做的事。

3. remember…as… 記得是。如：

I remember her as a pretty young girl. 我記得她是一個(gè)漂亮的小姑娘。

4. remembersbtosb代某人向某人問好。如：

Please remember me to Mary. 請(qǐng)代我向瑪麗問好。

Mother asked to be remembered to you. 母親要我向你問好。

remind

1. remindsbofsth使某人想起某事，提醒某人某事。如：

She reminds me of her mother. 我見到她便想起了她母親。

I reminded her of her promise. 我提醒了她答應(yīng)過的事。

It reminded me of the mistakes I had made before. 這使我想起了我以前犯過的一些錯(cuò)誤。

注：表示“提醒”時(shí)，有時(shí)可連用介詞 about。如：

If I forget, please remind me about it. 我要是忘了， 請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐摇?/p>

2. remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事。如：

He reminded me to read the book. 他提醒我要看看這本書。

The sight of the clock reminded me to leave at once. 一看鐘使我想起我得馬上走了。

比較 remind sb to do sth 與 remind sb of doing sth：前者意為“提醒某人去做某事”，其中的不定式所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生；后者表示“提醒某人或使某人想起已經(jīng)做過某事”，其中的不定式所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。比較:

He reminded me to see the film. 他提醒我去看這部電影。

He reminded me of my seeing the film. 他提醒我說， 我曾看過這部電影。

repeat

1. repeat(sth) aftersb跟著某人說。如：

Repeat the text after me. 跟我讀課文。

Repeat after me: good, better, best. 跟我說：好，更好，最好。

2. repeatoneself重說自己的話，重做自己做過的事。如：

Am I repeating myself? 這事我以前說過嗎?

History seems to be repeating itself. 歷史似乎在重演。

reply

1. replyto回答，答復(fù)。如：

Have you replied to his letter? 你給他回信了嗎?

Please reply to my question at once. 請(qǐng)馬上回答我的問題。

2. inreplyto作為對(duì)……的回答(答復(fù))。如：

What did you say in reply to his suggestion? 你是怎樣答復(fù)他的建議的?

3. makenoreply不作答。如：

I asked him if I could help, but he made no reply. 我問他我是否能幫忙，他沒有回答。

report

1. reporttosb向某人報(bào)告。如：

We must report to the teacher at once. 我們必須要馬上向老師報(bào)告。

2. reportsb(sth) tosb將某人(某事)向某人報(bào)告(告發(fā))。如：

We’ll report you to the teacher. 我們將向老師告發(fā)你。

He reported his discoveries to the professor. 他把自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)向教授作了匯報(bào)。

3. reportdoingsth報(bào)告說做了某事。如：

They reported seeing [having seen] UFOs. 他們報(bào)告說他們看見了飛碟。

4. It’sreportedthat……據(jù)說……。如：

It’s reported that the driver was seriously injured. 據(jù)說司機(jī)受了重傷。

注：該句型也可說成：

The driver was reported (to be) seriously injured.

Report has it that the drivers was seriously injured.

Report says that the drivers was seriously injured.

request

1. atone’srequest應(yīng)某人的請(qǐng)求(要求)。如：

We came at her request. 我們應(yīng)她的請(qǐng)求而來。

He did it at his wife’s request. 他應(yīng)妻子的要求做此事。

2. byrequest(ofsb) 應(yīng)(某人的)請(qǐng)求。如：

Buses stop here by request. 公共汽車招手即停。

I’ll sing this song by request (of Mrs Smith). 我將應(yīng)(史密斯夫人之)邀演唱這首歌。

3. in(great) request受歡迎的，眾人需求的。如：

Such books are in great request. 那樣的書非常需要。

These white socks have been much in request lately. 這種白色短襪近來很行俏。

4. requesttodosth要求(請(qǐng)求)做某事。如：

He requested to go alone. 他請(qǐng)求一個(gè)人去。

5. requestsbtodosth要求(請(qǐng)求)某人做某事。如：

I request him to help. 我請(qǐng)求他幫忙。

All the students are requested to attended the meeting. 所有學(xué)生都要求參加會(huì)議。

6. requeststhof[from] sb向某人要求某物。如：

They requested a loan from the bank. 他們要求銀行給他們一筆貸款。

All I request of you is that you (should) come earlier. 我對(duì)你的唯一要求就是要你來得更早點(diǎn)。

rescue

1. rescuesbfrom把某人從……救出。如：

He managed to rescue him from danger. 他設(shè)法把他從危險(xiǎn)中救了出來。

She was rescued from a burning building. 她被人從著火的大樓里救了出來。

2. come[go] toone’srescue營(yíng)救或幫助某人。如：

Then we all went to his rescue. 這時(shí)我們都去援救他。

Our car wouldn’t start, but a friend came to our rescue and drove us home. 我們的汽車發(fā)動(dòng)不起來了，一位朋友趕來幫忙，用車把我們送回了家。

research

1. doresearchon[into] 對(duì)……進(jìn)行研究(調(diào)查)。如：

They have done a good deal of research on that subject. 他們對(duì)這一課題進(jìn)行了大量的研究。

He’s doing research(es) into the causes of cancer. / He’s doing research(es) on cancer. 他在研究癌癥的病因。

注：對(duì)人或動(dòng)物進(jìn)行研究，通常用介詞 on。如：

The scientists are doing research on cats. 科學(xué)家們對(duì)貓進(jìn)行研究

2. researchon[into] 對(duì)……進(jìn)行研究(調(diào)查)。如：

The professor is researching into Old English poetry. 這位教授在研究古英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌。

The doctors are researching into[on] the effects of cigarette smoking. 醫(yī)生們?cè)谘芯课鼰煹挠绊憽?/p>

注：對(duì)人或動(dòng)物進(jìn)行研究，通常用介詞 on。如：

We’re researching on monkeys. 我們?cè)趯?duì)猴子進(jìn)行研究。

resist

1. resistdoingsth反抗做某事，(忍)耐做某事。如：

He resisted being carried off. 他反抗不讓帶走。

This metal resisted rusting. 這種金屬是防銹的。

2. can’tresist(doing) sth

(1) 忍住做某事。如：

He couldn’t resist laughing. 他忍不住笑了。

I can’t resist (making) a joke. 我忍不住要講個(gè)笑話。

(2) 忍不住要吃某東西。如：

I can’t resist a cigarette. 我忍不住要抽支煙。

She can’t resist sweet things. 她看到甜食就想吃。

respect

1. respectoneself自尊，自重。如：

If you don’t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重，又怎能受到別人的尊重呢?

2. have[show] respectfor尊敬……。如：

I have the greatest respect for Jane’s judgment. 我非常尊重簡(jiǎn)的判斷。

Students should show [have] respect for their teachers. 學(xué)生要尊敬老師。

3. send[give] sbone’srespects向某人問候。如：

My mother gives [sends] you her respects. / My mother gives

[sends] her respects to you. 我母親向你問候。

rest

1. have[take] arest休息一會(huì)兒。如：

Let’s stop and take [have] a rest. 我們停下來歇會(huì)兒吧。

You’re tired. Why don’t you have [take] a rest? 你累了，為什么不休息一會(huì)兒呢?

2. therest其余的人(物)，剩下的部分。如：

The rest needs no telling. 其余的就不用說了。

One of the books is written in Chinese, and the rest are

in English. 那些書中有一本是中文的，其余都是英文聽。

注：the rest 用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要根據(jù)它所指的內(nèi)容，可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)(見上例)。

result

1. asaresult結(jié)果，因此。如：

As a result he had to leave his country. 結(jié)果他只好離開自己的國(guó)家。

He had some bad fish. As a result, he felt ill. 他吃了些壞魚，結(jié)果感到不舒服。

2. asa[the] resultof由于……的結(jié)果。如：

He is unable to go to work as a result of the fall from his horse. 他從馬上摔下來，所以不能上班了。

As a [the] result of his hard work, he got a pay rise. 由于他工作勤奮， 所以他加了工資。

3. resultfrom由于……而產(chǎn)生(的結(jié)果)。如：

Success results from hard work. 成功來自于努力工作。

The damage resulted from the fire. 這損失由火災(zāi)所致。

4. resultin導(dǎo)致……(的結(jié)果)，以……而告終。如：

Our efforts resulted in success (failure). 我們的努力終于成功了(以失敗而告終)。

Love results in marriage, naturally. 戀愛終歸于婚姻(有情人終成眷屬)。

return

1. inreturn(for) (作為……的)報(bào)答或交換。如：

What can I do in return for your kindness? 我怎樣做才能報(bào)答你的好意呢?

She gave us food and clothing and asked for nothing in return. 她給我們食物和衣服，并沒向我們索取任何回報(bào)。

2. on[upon] one’sreturn：回來的時(shí)候。如：

On his return he went to see her. 他一回來就去看她。

On his return from work he found her asleep. 他下班回來，發(fā)現(xiàn)她睡著了。

3. returnfrom從……回來。如：

He has just returned from Paris. 他剛從巴黎回來。

We’re looking forward to your return from Paris. 我們盼望你從巴黎回來。

比較：He has just returned to Paris. 他剛回到巴黎。

4. returnsbsth/ returnsthtosb把某物還給某人。如：

He didn’t return me the book. / He didn’t return the book to me. 他沒有還書給我。

rich

1. berichin盛產(chǎn)……，充滿……，有豐富的……。如：

Our country is rich in minerals. 我國(guó)礦產(chǎn)豐富。

Oranges are rich in vitamin C. 桔子含有豐富的維生素C。

The city is rich in ancient buildings. 這個(gè)城市有很多古老的建筑。

2. richandpoor窮人和富人。如：

Rich and poor celebrate the Spring Festival. 窮人和富人都慶祝春節(jié)。

3. richorpoor不管是窮人還是富人。如：

Rich or poor, they are all my friends. 不管是窮人還是富要，他們都是我的朋友。

4. therich富人。如：

The rich should help the poor. 富人應(yīng)該幫助窮人。

注：the rich 可以有修飾語(yǔ)。如：

You can tell the very rich by their evening dress. 你可以從晚禮服認(rèn)出那些極有錢的富人。

rid

1. rid……of改掉，擺脫，消滅。如：

You should rid yourself of that bad habit. 你應(yīng)該要改掉那個(gè)壞習(xí)慣。

We must try to rid the house of mice. 我們一定要設(shè)法把屋里的老鼠消滅掉。

2. beridof消除掉，擺脫掉。如：

He was at last rid of the toothache. 他最后擺脫了牙痛。

She was glad to be rid of him. 她很高興擺脫了他(的糾纏)。

3. getridof擺脫，除掉，處理掉。如：

It took me a month to get rid of the cough. 拖了一個(gè)月我的咳嗽才好。

How can we get rid of the unwelcome visitor? 我們?cè)鯓硬拍馨堰@位不受歡迎的客人呢?

right

1. berighttodosth[indoingsth] 做某事是對(duì)的。如：

You’re right to do [of doing] so. 你這樣做的是對(duì)的。

He was right in selling [to sell] the farm. 他把農(nóng)莊賣掉是對(duì)的。

2. doright做得對(duì)，做得有理。如：

You did right to tell me the truth. 你把真相告訴我，這事你做得對(duì)。

3. havea[the] righttodo[ofdoing] sth有權(quán)做某事。如：

You have the [a] right to keep [of keeping] silent. 你有權(quán)保持沉默。

Everyone has the right to live in peace. 每個(gè)有都有平靜生活的權(quán)利。

4. intheright正確，有理。如：

You’re entirely in the right. 你完全正確。

I will not apologize because I am in the right. 我不會(huì)道歉，因?yàn)槲覜]有錯(cuò)。

5. It’srightof[for] sbtodosth某人做某事是對(duì)的。如：

It’s right of you to help her. 你幫助她是對(duì)的。

It’s right for you to sell the car. 你把汽車賣掉是對(duì)的。

It’s right of [for] you to do so. 你這樣做是對(duì)的。

注：用介詞 of 或 for 的細(xì)微差別是：用 of側(cè)重道義方面，而用 for 則側(cè)重動(dòng)作或行為方面。

6. That’sallright.

(1) 不用謝(回答感謝)。如：

A：Thank you very much. 非常感謝。

B：That’s all right. 不客氣。

(2) 沒關(guān)系(回答道歉)。如：

A：Sorry I’m late. 對(duì)不起，我遲到了。

B：It’s all right. 沒關(guān)系。

ring

1. ringback回電話。如：

John rang, and he wants you to ring him back. 約翰來過電話，他要你給他回電話。

2. ringoff掛斷電話。如：

He rang off before I could explain. 我還沒來得及解釋，他就掛斷了電話。

He rang off without giving his name. 他沒有告知他的姓名就掛斷了電話。

3. ringup打電話(給某人)。如：

I’ll ring up to see if he’s there. 我要打電話看看他是否在那兒。

If I get further information, I will ring you up. 如果我有進(jìn)一步的消息，我會(huì)打電話給你的。

risk

1. atrisk處于危險(xiǎn)之中。如：

All of them were at risk. 他們都處于危險(xiǎn)中。

My job is at risk. 我的工作保不住了。

2. attheriskof冒著……的危險(xiǎn)。如：

We did it at the risk of our lives. 我們冒著生命危險(xiǎn)做此事。

He saved me life at the risk of losing his own. 他冒著生命危險(xiǎn)救了我的命。

3. run[take] arisk冒險(xiǎn)。如：

That’s a risk I’m prepared to take. 那是我愿意冒險(xiǎn)做的事。

To succeed in business one must be prepared to take [run]

risks. 要在商場(chǎng)上取得成功，就得準(zhǔn)備冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

4. run[take] theriskofdoingsth冒……的危險(xiǎn)。如：

You have to take a lot of risks in my job. 干我們這一行，就得冒很多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

He’s not willing to run the risk of losing his money. 他不愿冒喪失金錢的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

5. risk(doing) sth冒著……的危險(xiǎn)，冒險(xiǎn)去做某事。如：

I will risk the punishment. 我明知會(huì)受處罰也要去做。

We’re willing to risk losing our jobs. 我們?cè)该笆I(yè)的危險(xiǎn)。

river

1. ontheriver

(1) 在河上，在河里。如：

Let’s go boating on the river. 我們?nèi)ズ永飫澊伞?/p>

(2) 在河畔。如：

London is on the River Thames. 倫敦位于泰晤士河岸。

road

1. byroad走公路，坐汽車。如：

It takes three hours by road. 坐汽車要三個(gè)小時(shí)。

Did you come by road or by rail? 你是坐汽車來的還是坐火車來的?

2. in[on] theroad在路上，在……路。如：

He told the boy not to play in [on] the road. 他叫這個(gè)小男孩不要在路上玩。

Mr Smith lives in [on] Marston Road. 史密斯先生住在馬斯頓路。

注：介詞 in 多見于英國(guó)英語(yǔ)，on 多見于美國(guó)英語(yǔ)。

rob

1. robsbofsth

(1) 搶劫某人某物。如：

He robbed her of her money. 他搶了她的錢。

They robbed the rich to help the poor. 他們劫富濟(jì)貧。

注：rob 的賓語(yǔ)有時(shí)是地點(diǎn)。如：

They robbed the bank of a lot of money. 他們從銀得搶了一大筆錢。

(2) 剝奪某人有權(quán)利享用的東西。如：

The cat robbed her of her sleep. 這貓吵得她無法入睡。

They’ve robbed me of my happiness. 他們奪走了我的幸福。

role

1. playarolein在……起作用(扮演角色)。如：

The rail workers played a key role in the struggle. 鐵路工人在斗爭(zhēng)中起了重要作用。

The U.N. plays an important role in international relations. 聯(lián)合國(guó)在國(guó)際關(guān)系中扮演重要角色。

2. playone’sroleas盡某人當(dāng)……的責(zé)任。如：

She tried to fulfil her role as a mother. 她盡她做母親的責(zé)任。

3. playtherole(ofsb) 扮演(某人的)角色。如：

He will play the leading role. 他將出演主角。

John played [took, took on] the role of Hamlet. 約翰扮演哈姆雷特的角色。

room

1. There’sroomforsth

(1) 有……的空地(空間)。

There is room for three more. 還能容納三個(gè)人。

I’d like to bring the children if there’s room for them.

注：有時(shí)可用 to do sth 代 for sth。如：

There wasn’t really room to lie down comfortably. 沒有足夠的空間可以舒服地躺下。

(2) 有……的余地。如：

There is much room for improvement. 大有改進(jìn)的余地。

There’s no room for doubt. 沒有懷疑的余地。

3. haveroomfor有……的空間。如：

Have you room for me in your car? 你車?yán)镂疫€坐得進(jìn)去嗎?

His brain has no room for maths. 他沒有數(shù)學(xué)頭腦。

3. makeroomfor給……空出場(chǎng)所，給……讓路(讓坐)。如：

Move along and make room for me. 往前挪一下， 讓出點(diǎn)空位給我。

Would you kindly make room for the old lady? 請(qǐng)你給這位老太太讓個(gè)地方好嗎?

3. leaveroomfor

(1) 為……留出空間。如：

Leave room for the big box. 留個(gè)地方放這個(gè)大箱子。

(2) 為……留有余地。如：

His answer left no room for doubt. 他的回答不容置疑。

rule

1. asarule通常，在通常情況下。如：

As a rule we go to bed at nine. 我們通常九點(diǎn)上床睡覺。

As a rule young people like beer. 一般說來， 年輕人喜歡喝啤酒。

2. byrule按規(guī)定，循規(guī)蹈矩。如：

He does everything by rule. 他做任何事都循規(guī)蹈矩。

3. makeitaruletodosth經(jīng)常做某事，習(xí)慣做某事。如：

He makes it a rule to get up at six. 他通常在六點(diǎn)起床。

She makes it a rule never to borrow money. 她無論如何也不向別人借錢。

注：該句型可有多種同義表達(dá)，如上面第一句也可說成：

He makes a rule of getting up at six.

It is his rule to get up at six.

His rule is to get up at six.

It’s a rule with him to get up at six.