精品資料:英語交際用語專題復習(2)

許愿真 2014-05-19

展開全文

九、征求或表達意見（預見、猜測和相信；意愿與希望）：

中西文化差異

在表明自己對事物的判斷時，好壞要明確，是非要分明。尤其在對方干得比較出色時，要多加鼓勵。如：Well done! Good job! Quite perfect! 等。

如果要陳述自己的某些觀點時，英語中一般要使用一些較委婉的短語，如：In my opinion (依我看)；As I see it (在我看來) ；So far as I know （據(jù)我所知）；Personally speaking (就我個人而言) 等。

在中國的文化背景里，陳述自己的看法、觀點之前，常常這樣說：依本人之愚見、我談一點不太成熟的看法、跟大家交換一點膚淺的認識、我發(fā)言的目的是拋磚引玉等。如果直譯過去，西方人會大吃一驚，他們認為：既然是“未成熟的”、“膚淺的”，為何不以后再談，現(xiàn)在不是沒必要嗎？既然是磚，又何必要拋呢？因此。在跨文化交際中，切忌用詞的過分謙虛或委婉。

基本用語

1. What do you feel like doing? I feel like …

2. Personally, I’d rather (not) + 原形動詞 / I’m ready to do 很樂意干……

3. What would you like to do? I’d like to …

4. —What do you plan to do? —I’m planning to do…/ I want ( intend, wish, plan ) to do…

5. What is your opinion of…? =What do you think of…?

= How do you like…? = How do you find…? 你覺得 ……怎么樣？

(用于詢問對人或事物的喜歡程度、態(tài)度、看法等)

6. Yes, I quite agree with you about that. You are quite right here. I have no objection.

There is no doubt about it. I think this one will do. I rather doubt that. (我非常懷疑。)

I don't quite agree with you. I’m against it. (我不十分同意你的意見，我反對。)

That's where I disagree with you. My own view exactly. (這正好是我的觀點。)

I don't think it's very practical. (我不認為這很實際。)

7. I bet. 我敢斷定。 It's hard to say. 這很難說。 I can't decide. 我拿不定主意。

▲ 口語中，在上下文明確時，常用省略句表達自己的意見。如:

肯定: I believe so. 否定: I believe not./ I don’t believe so。

類似用法的詞還有：suppose, think, fear, expect, imagine等

注意對比：hear, hope, be afraid否定形式只有：I fear not. I hope not. I’m afraid not.

沒有: I don’t hope so.

★ 預見、猜測和相信:

基本用語

1. I guess that …… / I believe …… / It seems that …… / It seems to sb that ……/ It looks as if ……

It looks as though ……

2. She must have done…… 當時她一定是…… / It certainly is. / I believe what you said.

Do you think I'd believe a story like that? / How is that possible? You're not serious, are you?

You must be joking. /Don't be silly. / I think it's hard to believe.

交際例句

— Is that true? — Maybe, I'm not sure. — Will he come? — Perhaps not.

— Can you play basketball with me now? — I'm afraid not. I'll have to finish my homework first.

— May I borrow your bike? — Certainly. / Sure.

— Can you dance? — I certainly can. / I sure can.

★ 意愿和希望

基本常識

◆What would you like … 一般用于服務員詢問客人想吃點什么，主人詢問客人想吃點什么，或在商店購物時，售貨員詢問顧客想要買什么。

◆What would you like to do? 表示詢問對方想要做什么。

基本用語

a. I’m going to.... I intend/mean/plan to.... I’d like to.... I (do not) want/hope to....

I feel like doing (going out for a walk). I’m ready to.... I would rather not tell you.

b. I want/hope/wish to.... I wish that.... I would like to....

1. ---Hello, may I talk to the headmaster now？ ---___________.

A. Sorry, he is busy at the moment B. No, you can't

C. Sorry, you can't D. I don't know

2. ---Do you think I could borrow your dictionary? ---_________.

A. Yes, you may borrow B. Yes, go on C. Yes, help yourself D. It doesn't matter

3. ---Would you mind changing seats with me? ---__________.

A. Yes, you can B. Of course I like to C. No, I don't mind D. Certainly, please do

4. ---May I see your tickets and passports, please? ---_________.

A. No, you can't B. Yes, you can C. Here you are D. No, they are mine

5. ----Can you turn down the radio, please? ---________.

A. Oh, I know B. I'm sorry, I didn't realize it was that loud

C. I'll keep it down next time. D. Please forgive me

6. ---Excuse me, may I sit here? -----__________.

A. Please sit down B. You're welcome

C. Yes, certainly. This seat's free D. Yes, it doesn't matter

7. ---Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend? ---___.

A. I don’t believe B. I don’t believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not

8. — Would you go and see the film this weekend ? — _______ .

A. No, I don't B. Yes, I think I will C. Yes, I would D. No, I wouldn't

9. Tom: What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game.

Jack: _____. Whatever you want to do is fine with me.

A. It just depends B. It’s up to you C. All right D. Glad to hear that

10. —Will the talk last long? — ________.

A. I'm afraid it will. B. Yes, the talk lasts.

C. No, the talk doesn't last D. Not at all. I'm sure to

11. — Where does she come from? — _______, but her accent suggests Beijing .

A. You can know with your eyes and ears B. She comes from a hospital

C. Perhaps she is a Beijinger D. I'm not sure

十、職責：(求救)

基本用語

在提示對方的職責中常用情態(tài)動詞 must, should, need, have to, had better, ought to, don't have to 以及 be supposed to do, be necessary to do 等。

Please leave it alone. 請別理它。

— Must I be present at the meeting at 7 o'clock? 我必須 7 點到會嗎？

— No, you needn't . You may come at around eight. 不，不必要。你可以 8 點左右來。

— Do I have to return the dictionary before Friday? 周五前我必須歸還詞典嗎？

— No, you don't have to . 不，沒必要。

★ 求救:

基本用語	a. Help! Thief! b. What’s the matter?

1. — Shall I tell John about it? — No, you ________. I've told him already.

A. needn't B. wouldn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't

2. --- I just heard that the tickets for tonight's show have been sold out.

--- Oh no! ______.

A. I was looking forward to that B. It doesn't matter

C. I knew it already. D. It's not at all interesting

3. ---You forgot your purse when you went out. ---Good heavens, _____.

A. so did I B. so I did. C. I did so D. I so did

十一、打電話

中西文化對比

1 打電話人自我介紹：用英語打電話時，開頭打招呼的第一句話通常是Hello，然后便自報姓名，再告知想與誰通話。Hello! (it’s) Mike (here). / Hello! This is Mike (speaking).

2 打電話人要某人接電話-：需要證實對方的身份時，不能說Are you...?或Who are you?

May/ Can/ Could I speak to Kate, please? /Is that Kate? /Is Kate in/ at home? /Who's that?

3 本人接電話： Hello, 8244011. /Good morning. This is Kate (speaking). /Yes, speaking.

a接電話時，第一句招呼語可以是Hello, 也可以視情況說Good morning!緊接著再報自己的電話號碼或姓名,也可報單位名稱。不打招呼，直接介紹自己，再問對方是誰也可以。

b問對方是誰時可以這樣說：Who's calling?/Who is that speaking? /Is that Mike speaking/calling?

4 代接電話人叫某人接電話時：先對打電話的人說: Hold on please. / Just a minute please.

然后叫人接電話: You are wanted on the phone./　　There's a call for you./For you.

基本用語

1. Can/ Could/ Would you ring up/ call/ call up…?

2. The line's busy. I can't get through. I'll try again later.

3. Can I take a message (for you)? Will/ Would you give a message to…, please?

4. Can you ask … to ring me back, please? I'll ask … to call you back.

5. He/She isn't here right now.

1. ---Hi, is Marry there, please? ---_______.

A. Hold on. I will get her B. No, she isn't here

C. Yes, she lives here D. Yes, what do you want.

2. ---Could I speak to Harris, please? ---_______.

A. Oh, how are you B. I'm John C. I'm listening D. Speaking

3. ---Hello, I'd like to speak to Mark, please. ---_______.

A. Yes, I'm Mark B. This is Mark speaking C. It's me here D. This is me

4. ---I'm sorry. Bob's not in the office. ---_______.

A. Can you take a message for me? B. Are you sure for that

C. Would you like to leave a message? D. Can you phone me

5. ---Hello, could I speak to Don please? ---_______.

A. Who are you B. What's the problem C. Are you Jane D. Who is speaking

6. -- Is that Mike speaking? -- Yes. ____?

A. Who's this B. Who's that C. Who are you D. Who's Mike

十二、問時間和日期 (談論天氣)

基本用語

1 . What day is ( it ) today? 2. What's the date today? / What date is it？

3. Excuse me, what time is it by your watch?

4. It's Monday/Tuesday… It's January 10th.

交際例句

1.-- Hi, Mary. What time is it now? -- It's about three.

2.-- What day is it today? -- It's Wednesday.

3.-- Excuse me. Could you tell me what time the plane leaves?

--Certainly. It leaves at ten in the evening.

4.-- What's the time? My watch has stopped. -- Let me see. It's five to ten.

5.-- Excuse me. Have you got the time? -- Yes, it's six twenty.

6.-- Excuse me. Could you tell me the time? -- Oh sorry, I don't have my watch with me.

★ 談論天氣（Talking about the weather）

基本用語

a. What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather in.../ today?

---It’s rather warm/cold/hot...today, isn’t it? ---Yes, it is./ Yes, isn’t it? (注意答語)

b. It’s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy.... It’s getting cold/warm.... It’s a beautiful day today.

交際示范

1.-- It's a fine day for a walk. -- Yes, the air is nice and clean.

2.-- Oh dear! It's very cold today. -- Yes, you need to wear warmer clothes.

3.-- What's the weather like today? -- It's fine.

4.-- What's the weather like in your country now? -- It's very hot.

5.-- Lovely weather, isn't it? -- Yes, isn't it?

6.-- I missed the weather report this morning. Did you hear it?

-- Yes. It said partly cloudy today, with a strong wind from The northwest.

1. ---Nice weather, isn't it? ----____________.

A. I'm not sure B. You know it well C. Yes, it is D. Yes, it isn't

2. ---What's the weather like in your hometown? ----____________.

A. It's a nice place B. I like the food there

C. He asks me if I like the weather. D. It's cold in winter and hot in summer

3. Lucy: ____________ today?

May: It's beautiful. The sun is shining. It's nice and warm.

Lucy: Much better than yesterday, isn't it?

May: ________. The wind will probably get up later.

Lucy: I don't mind as long as it doesn't rain.

4. A : Hello, Wang Lin, I wonder if you'd be free next week. B : I think so.

A : That's wonderful. I'll be 20 years old next week. I'd love you to come to my birthday party.

B : I'd like to. ________ ?

A : It's May, 4th.

B : _____________ ?

A : It's Tuesday.

B : Then _______ will the party begin?

A : At six sharp (六點整) in the evening . Will that be all right?

B : Yes, it's very good. I'll looking forward to it. And I wish you the best of luck.

A : Thanks. Oh, It's ten minutes to two. There's little time left. I'll go to work. ________ .

B : See you later.

十三、語言困難（Language difficulties）

基本用語

1. 沒聽清楚請求重復: Pardon?/ I beg your pardon?/ Sorry.

Would you please say that again?/ Would you please say that more slowly?

Would you mind repeating that? What do you mean by…in Chinese?

2. 詢問是否聽清楚:Is that clear? / Have I made myself clear?/ Do you see what I mean?

3. 澄清錯誤: I’m sorry I’ve made a mistake. I’m sorry, I should have said…

What I mean is… That’s not what I meant. I’ll try to explain that again.

交際例句

1.-- I don't quite follow you, Mr Green. Will you please say it again? -- OK.

2.-- Do you follow what I'm saying? -- Sorry, I can't follow you./ I didn’t quite catch you.

3.-- I beg your pardon. Will you say it again? -- All right.

4.-- Will you say it again more slowly? I can't follow you. -- OK.

5.-- Will you please repeat what you've just said? -- OK. I'll repeat what I have said.

6.-- I'm sorry, I don't understand French. Do you speak English? -- Yes, I do.

1. Peter: Do you want a ride?

Dick: _______.

Peter: I asked if you wanted a ride?

A. I don't mind. B. I beg your pardon? C. I'll take a taxi. D. I don’t' want a ride.

2. -- Your name again, please? ____. -- It's Bell Green.

A. I didn't quite catch you. B. I couldn't quite catch you

C. I don't hear you. D. It's your turn

十四、身體健康與看醫(yī)生

中西文化對比

西方人聽到自己的親人、朋友或熟人等談到有關身體健康的問題時，如：“I think I have a bad cold.” 如果聽話人與說話人是朋友或同事，通?；卮? “I'm sorry to hear that.”或“You'd better see a doctor.”

但如果是說給醫(yī)生，醫(yī)生則不能用上述答話，而需用“Take it easy.”來回答。

基本用語

醫(yī)生用語：

1. What can I do for you? / What was the matter? / What's the trouble?

2. Does it hurt here? / It's nothing serious. / Let me examine you. / Take this medicine three times a day. / And I advise you not to do …

3. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. / You'd better have a good rest.

4. Show me your tongue. / Stick out your tongue. / Did you cough much? / Fortunately, you only have the flu (流感) . / You'll have to be hospitalized (住院) .

5. How long have you been like this? / Well, let's see. Open your mouth and say “ah”.

Keep warm and don't catch cold. / You'll be well soon.

病人用語：

1. I've got a pain (cough, headache, toothache). / I don't feel well. / There's something wrong with…. / This place hurts. / I feel a great pain here. / I feel dizzy (頭暈). / I don't feel like eating anything. / I have a sore throat (喉嚨痛) and my chest hurts. / It started bothering me yesterday afternoon. / I feel hot and feverish. / I'm aching all over. / I've been losing sleep. / My whole body feels weak. / I've lost my voice. / My ears are ringing, and my cheeks burning. / I feel a pain in my left leg.

2. I took some medicine last night, but they didn't help. / Doctor, please give me an examination. / I've had my temperature taken. I indeed have a fever.

I was hot and cold by turns. (忽冷忽熱)

1. ---Is there anything serious, doctor? ---________.

A. I'm going to have another check-up. B. The results of the blood test are wrong

C. No. Just stay in bed and drink more water D. Yes. You can go home tomorrow

2. ---Hey, Barbara. You look so pale. ---________.

A. I'm just getting over the flu. B. It doesn't matter

C. You didn't sleep well last night D. I'm sorry to hear that

3. ---Are you feeling better today, Mrs. Silver? ---________.

A. Don't worry about me. B. Just stay in bed and have a good rest

C. There must be something wrong D. Yes, thank doctor. But I still feel dizzy

4. ---I have got a pain in my neck. ---________.

A. Yes, I agree B. Yes, you are quite right C. I'm sorry to hear that D. I'm feeling sick

5. ---What's the matter with you? ---________.

A. It matters with you B. Not too bad C. I feel a bit sick D. That's right.

十五、問路

基本句型

用英語問路、指路的方法。 Asking Directions：

★Excuse me,

Can you tell me the way to…?

How can I get to…?

Where is…?

Where is the nearest…?

Which is the way to…?

　　 Giving Directions：

★Go straight ahead till you see…

down this street till you get to…

through the gate and you will find the entrance to…

★It's about…yards/metres down this street.

基本用語

1. 一般先說Excuse me：Where is the nearest station? Which is the way to the station? Can you tell me how I can get to the station? Could you tell me how to get tot the station? How far is it to the station? Could you tell me the way to the station? 等。

2. 常用的提供信息的用語有：Go along / down，Walk down / along this road / street…

Take the first / … turning on the left (right) Turn right / left at the first……crossing. Go on until you reach the end of the road. It's between A and B.

It's in front of / behind / near to B You can't miss it. You can find it.等。

1. ---Excuse me, sir. Where is Dr. Brown's office? ----_________.

A. You can't ask me B. Pardon I have no idea

C. Please don't say so. D. Sorry I don't know, but you can ask the man over here.

2. ---Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the airport? ----_________.

A. Don't ask that B. Sorry, I am a stranger here

C. No, I can't say that D. No, you are driving too fast

3. ----Excuse me, is this the right direction for the school? ----_________.

A. Well, no, you're going in the wrong direction B. No, don't ask me

C. No, I don't know. D. Don't go this way

4. ---Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest supermarket? ----_________.

A. It's not far from there B. The supermarket is very large

C. The goods there are very expensive D. Go down this street and turn left.

5. ---Is the toilet on the ground floor or second floor? ----_________.

A. No, there isn't. B. Yes, it is. C. On the ground floor D. It is empty

十六、Taking Meals (就餐)

基本用語

a.主問客: What would you like(to have)...? Would you like something(to eat/drink)?

Would you like some more...? How about some more…?

b.主請客: Help yourself to some.... Let me give you… Make yourself at home.

c.答語: I'd like.... Cake/Two eggs..., please. Yes, please. Thank you. I've had enough.

I'm full, thank you. Just a little, please. No, thanks.

交際句型

★ Finding a table for dinner 找餐桌: A table for four, please. 請安排一張四人用餐的桌子。

★ Seating the diner 給就餐者安排座位. 1) Could you follow me, please? 2) You can sit where you like.

★ Asking if the diner is ready to order 詢問就餐者是否準備點菜了

1) Are you ready to order, sir? 2) Can / May I take your order now? 現(xiàn)在可以請您點菜了嗎？

★ Asking what the diner would like to have 詢問就餐者想吃什么

1) Do you want anything to start with? 開始先來點什么？And what to follow? 接下來要什么？

2) Anything else? 別的還要什么？3) And any vegetables? 要點些蔬菜嗎？3) Anything to drink?

★ Finding out what the restaurant has today 了解餐館今天有什么菜肴

1) Could we see the menu, please? 請給我看看菜單好嗎？2) Let's have a look at the menu first.

3) What do you have today for breakfast? 4) What's special for tonight? 今晚有什么特色菜？

★ Ordering a meal 點菜 1) All right. I'll order the same. /Same again please. 行，我也點同樣的菜。

2) And two coffees with cream after that, please . 那以后請來兩杯加油咖啡。

3) Bring me two beers, please. 4)Get me some chicken salad , please . 請個我來點雞肉色拉。

5) I'd like to try the chicken, please. 6) Let us have seafood for a change. 我們來點海味換換口味吧。

★ Asking how the diner would like something 詢問就餐者對菜肴有什么要求

1) Do you like your tea strong or weak? 您喜歡茶濃點還是淡點？

2) How do you like your coffee? 你喜歡什么樣的咖啡？

3) How would you like them prepared / done? 你喜歡怎么個做法？

★ Expressing hospitality 表示殷勤款待

1) Another piece of fried steak? 再來一塊炸牛排好嗎？2) Do have some more, there's plenty left.

3) Eat a little fish, please. 4) Have some and I'm sure you'll like it.

★ Responding to hospitality 對殷勤款待的應答

1) All right, but only a small piece. 好的，不過只要一小塊。2) I don't feel like any, thanks.

3) I am quite full. / I've had more than enough. / I've had too much already. / No, thanks. I just couldn't eat any more. / No, thanks. I don't drink any wine. / No, thanks. I' m getting full.

★ Paying the bill 付帳 1) Can I have the bill, please? 請把帳單給我好嗎？

2) Give me the bill, please. 請把帳單給我。 3) It's my treat this time. I'll pay. 今天我請客，我來付帳。

4) Let me pay this time. You can pay next time. 5) Let's go Dutch this time. 這次我們各付各的。

6) Waiter! The bill, please. 服務員，結帳。

1. ---Would you like to order now? ---__________.

A. I'm full now B. Yes. I'd like fish and soup C. But the price is high. D. It's very kind of you.

2. ---Excuse me. Is this table taken? ---__________.

A. We haven't booked the dishes. B. We haven't ordered the dishes

C. Yes. I'm saving these seats for friends D. Yes. I'm stuffed

3. ---Please help yourself to the fish. ---__________.

A. Thanks, but I don't like fish B. Sorry, I can't help

C. Well, fish don't suit me. D. No, I can't

4. ---Can I take your order now? ---__________.

A. Thank you for your offer B. Sorry, it's beyond my order

C. By no means. D. Just a moment, two friends is coming

5. ---Have you got a table for four, Waiter? ---__________.

A. We are going to restaurant B. Yes, sure. This way, please

C. We have booked the seats D. Here are the menus.

6. ---Would you like another cup of tea? ---I've enough. _______ .

A. Thank you all the same B. No, anything will do

C. Thank you by the way D. Make yourself at home

7. — May I take your order? — Yes, I’d like a cup of coffee, a hot dog and some salad. What about you, Lisa?

— ____.

A. Me too B. Same again, please C. It’s all the same to me D. The same to me

8. --- You've given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs. Wang. --- ____.

A. Oh, I'm afraid I didn't cook very well. B. I'm glad you enjoyed it

C. Come again when you are free. D. It's not necessary for you to say so

9. —I’ve got your invitation. —Oh, good. _________

A. Can you come? B Thanks a lot. C. I’ll take it. D May I help you?

10.Waitress：___________?

Student A：Yes, er, what would you like?

Student B：I have no idea.

Student A：Well, ________________? What about a glass of milk?

Student B：No, thanks . I think I'd like a bottle of orange. What about you?

Student A：I'd like a cup of coffee. _____________?

Student B：Some cakes, please.

Student：Then we would like a cup of coffee, a bottle of orange, and four cakes, please.

Waitress：________. Please just wait for a moment.

十七、購物

基本用語

1. What can I do for you? 2. May/Can I help you? 3. I want/I'd like…

4. How much is it? 5. That's too expensive, I'm afraid.

6. How many/much do you want? 7. What colour/size/kind do you want?

8. What colour do you prefer, black or blue? 9. Would you mind if I try this one on?

10. How much is it worth? /How much do you charge? How much do you ask for it?

/How much shall I pay for it? OK. I'll take it. (好. 我買)

1. ---What can I do for you, madam? ---________.

A. I want a kilo of apples B. You can go your own way C. Thanks D. Excuse me. I am busy

2. ---Good morning, Sir. May I help you? ---________.

A. No, I don't buy anything B. No, I don't need your help

C. Yes, I need some sugar D. Oh, no. That OK.

3. ---I'd like to buy a shirt. ---________.

A. How much is it B. That's fine C. What color do you want D. Yes, I think so

4. ---Can I help you, Sir? ---________.

A. Thanks, I'm just having a look. B. I don't mind. C. No, I'm leaving soon. D. It's all right.

5. --- ____? -- No, thanks. I'm just looking around. I'll let you know if I want anything.

A. Have you made up your mind what you want B. What will you buy

C. Can I help you D. Do you like it

6. --- Try this yellow shirt. -- ______ --- How about the red one? --- That's OK.

A. But I don't like the size B. I like it very much C. But I don't like the color D. I'll take it

7. A : Good afternoon, sir. ___________?

B : I want to buy a birthday present for my son .

A : This radio is very good, sir.

B : ______________ ?

A : It is worth ＄40.

B : Oh , that's too expensive , I'm afraid.

A : Then what about this walkman? Many students like it very much. This is the most popular kind.

B : ___________?

A : It's only ＄25 .

B : OK. That's fine._________. I hope my son will like it.

（以上是常見的交際話題）

◆ 高考英語交際用語考點:

一、問候：(介紹、告別) 1---8 DBDBADCB

二、邀請（約會） 1—6 CAACCB

三、感謝和應答 1---10 AADBB CADBB 11-14 ABAD

15. Sara：Good evening, Mick. I'm so glad you could come. 　　　Mick：Good evening, Sara.

　　　Sara：Please come in and take a seat. 　　　Mick：Happy birthday to you, Sara. This is for you.

　　　Sara：A gift for me? 　　　Mick：Sure. Congratulations on this happy day.

　　　Sara：Thank you. (Open the gift) Oh, it's lovely and very beautiful. 　　　Mick：I'm glad you like it.

16. Li Gang：Hello, Sam . Happy Christmas and New Year! Sam：The same to you.

Li Gang：Wish you every success in the coming year. Sam：Thank you.

Li Gang：May New Year bring your family happiness and good health. Sam：Thanks for your best wishes.

Li Gang：What a wonderful snow! Sam：Yes . In fact , this is the first white Christmas in my life .

四、道歉、遺憾和應答(責備和抱怨; 提醒)

1---5 AADCA 6—10 DACBB 11—13 ADB

14. A : Come in, Mr Smith. Nice to see you.

B : Nice to see you too. I'm very sorry to be late. ( I'm sorry to have kept you waiting . )

A : It doesn't matter. We're glad you could come.

B : I didn't quite remember the number of your house, so it took me a long time to find your house.

A : I'm sorry that I didn't make myself clear.

B : Oh, that's nothing.

五、禁止和警告 1---3 BDA

4 Robert：Are you holding the ladder, Jane? Jane：Yes, I am. Please be careful, Robert. Don't go too high.

Robert：Don't worry. I'm OK. Jane：Look! There are some good apples over there.

Robert：Where? Jane：Behind you! Can you reach them?

Robert：Oh, yes. I can see them, but I can't reach them. Jane：Be careful. It's dangerous! You're too high.

Robert：No, I'm not. Great! I can reach them now.

六、請求、允許（提出幫助; 提出建議和忠告、）:

1—5 BADDB 6—10 ACADD 11—15 DCDAB 16—19 BDBB

20　Rose: Hi, Tom. You are carrying so many books.　　Tom: Yes, they are very heavy .

　　Rose: Can I give you a hand?　　Tom: That’s very kind of you. I’m told you are busy these days.

　　Rose: Certainly , we’ll have our final exam.　Tom: What can I do for you then? Can I help you with your English?

　　Rose: Please don’t bother . Thanks a lot.

七、表達感情： 1—3 DDD

4 A : What a nice dress! Mary, you look beautiful today.

B : It's very kind of you to say so . You look beautiful, too ! Where did you get your lovely new hat?

A : It's a birthday present from my sister . B : Your sister has a very good taste. The hat is really beautiful.

A : Thank you for your compliments.

A：Oh , dear ! What's the matter with you, young man? You almost ride over me!

C : I'm very sorry , madam . I really didn't see you. Are you hurt?

A : Well , thank Goodness , I'm not hurt. C : Is that so ( Really ) ?

A : Yes . Good heavens! Look at my new dress! Today is my first wear. C : I beg your pardon, madam.

A : For God's sake, I'll let you pass. But do be careful next time! It's really dangerous to ride so fast in the street.

C: Thank you. I will.

八、肯定與不肯定（同意和不同意、可能與不可能） 1---7 CDDDCBA

九、征求或表達意見（預見、猜測和相信；意愿與希望）：

1—5 ACCCB 6---11 CDBBA D

十、職責：(求救) 1---3 AAB

十一、打電話 1---6 ADBADB

十二、問時間和日期 (談論天氣) 1-2 CD

3 Lucy: What’s the weather like today? May: It's beautiful. The sun is shining. It's nice and warm.

Lucy: Much better than yesterday, isn't it? May: Yes, it is. The wind will probably get up later.

Lucy: I don't mind as long as it doesn't rain.

4 A : Hello , Wang Lin , I wonder if you'd be free next week . B : I think so.

A : That's wonderful . I'll be 20 years old next week. I'd love you to come to my birthday party.

B : I'd like to. What date is that? A : It's May, 4th.

B : What day is that? A : It's Tuesday .

B : Then what time will the party begin? A : At six sharp in the evening . Will that be all right?

B : Yes, it's very good. I'll looking forward to it. And I wish you the best of luck.

A : Thanks. Oh , It's ten minutes to two. There's little time left . I'll go to work. See you later.

B : See you later .

十三、語言困難（Language difficulties） 1-2 BA

十四、身體健康與看醫(yī)生 1—5 CADCC

十五、問路 1—5 DBADC

十六、Taking Meals (就餐) 1---5 BCADB 6---9 ABBA

10. Waitress：Can I help you? Student A：Yes, er , what would you like?

Student B：I have no idea.

Student A：Well. would you like something to drink? What about a glass of milk?

Student B：No, thanks. I think I'd like a bottle of orange. What about you?

Student A：I'd like a cup of coffee. How about something to eat? Student B：Some cakes, please.

Student：Then we would like a cup of coffee, a bottle of orange, and four cakes, please.

Waitress： Ok. Please just wait for a moment.

十七、購物 1—6 ACCACC

7. A : Good afternoon , sir . What can I do for you? B : I want to buy a birthday present for my son.

A : This radio is very good, sir. B : How much is it?

A : It is worth ＄40. B : Oh , that's too expensive, I'm afraid.

A : Then what about this walkman? Many students like it very much. This is the most popular kind.

B : How much does it cost?

A : It's only ＄25. B : OK. That's fine. I'll take it. I hope my son will like it.

英語復習之交際用語（三）

交際用語中容易混淆的詞語(必須熟記):

It’s a/ my pleasure.

“這是我的榮幸/不客氣”，用于別人對你表示感謝時的回答。(=My pleasure.)

With pleasure.

“我很樂意（幫你）”。表示同意對方的請求, 并且自己將付出行動。

Help yourself.

“自便!/ 自己來吧”。表示同意對方的請求,讓對方行動。

Yes, please.

“請!”表示允許對方做請求之事.

Go ahead.

“請…”。表示同意并鼓勵對方去做請求之事.

Go on.

“繼續(xù)(在進行做或談論的事)! ”

Come on!

“來! ”“加油” ----鼓勵對方來參與某事.

Hurry up.

“趕緊; 快點!”----催促對方快點行動.

Good luck.

“祝你好運”，是當對方參加某項活動，如考試、比賽等時，向對方表示的祝福語。

Congratulations!

當對方做某事取得了成功或結婚、生子、晉升等時候的用語.

Have fun!

“玩得開心點！”表示允許對方去“吃喝玩樂”。

Best wishes,

一般用于信的結尾處表示對對方的祝愿。

(注: 當對方出外旅行時常說Good/Nice trip to you!“祝你旅途愉快”)

What’s (going) on?

“怎么了? 這里發(fā)生什么事了?”/“有什么節(jié)目?上演什么電影?” （詢問情況）。

What’s for?

表目的和用途,一般翻譯成 “為了什么？用來做什么; 干嘛?”

why: 表原因, 一般都要用because來回答.

What’s up?

“怎么了?”“有什么事嗎?” What's up?口語中使用廣泛，如有人叫住你或登門訪問，而你不明白對方的來意時就可以說“what's up?” （有什么事？有何貴干？）年輕人也常用“what's up?”來打招呼。比如，Olli碰到一個朋友說“Hey, Olli!”O(jiān)lli則回答“Hi! Jason, What's up?”表示“你最近怎么樣啊/有什么事嗎？”

What if …

“= What will or would happen if...？如果(假如)...將會怎么樣？”

So what?

“那又怎么樣的?” (表示出“無所謂”的樣子)

What is ...like?

“情況怎樣”，多指天氣或氣候。”/ “像什么樣，什么模樣，怎樣的” 指人或事物?！?/p>

How is ... like?

就某人、某地和某物的外觀詢問對方的看法, 可以用來詢問變化的事物，如暫時的情況，情緒等, 還常用來問候別人的健康。

What... look like?

“…外表如何?” (問外表長相.)

Of what?

“怎么啦?怎么回事?”

How come?

“怎么回事？怎么搞的？為什么？怎么會這樣？”通常用在你覺得奇怪而問為什么的時候。當你不愿回答別人的某個問題時也可說“How come？”意思是“Why do you ask that? It's none of your business”。

Why not?

“干嗎不？/為什么不呢?”, 表示同意對方的建議.

(注: Good idea: 用于贊同別人的計劃或主意.)

What is it about?

這是關于什么的？（問內容）

Never mind.

“沒有關系, 不要記在心上” 。用于接答歉意.

但用Never mind.作答時有時可表達說話人多少有點不高興或無可奈何的意味。

Not at all.

1. 用于回答感謝，意為“不用謝；不客氣”。

2. 用于回答帶有感謝性質的客套話。意為“沒什么；哪里哪里”。如：

A：You are very kind. 你真好。 B：Not at all. 沒什么。

3. 用于回答道歉，意為“沒關系”。

4. 用來表示否定(是No的加強說法)，意為“一點也不：完全不”。如：

A：Are you busy? 你忙嗎? B：Not at a11．一點不忙。

Forget it!

a.“不必在意”“算了吧，忘了吧” 用來接受別人做錯事的道歉

b. “算了吧，想都別想.” 用來拒絕對方你認為不合理的請求、建議等。

All right.

用于贊同對方的意見、建議或邀請，譯為“好”、“行”，“可以”。

也可用于對別人的安慰，表示“沒關系”、“不要緊”等意思

That’s all right.

1. 對別人致謝的回答，“不用謝；別客氣”。=That's OK. / Not at all. / You're welcome等.

2. 對別人致歉時的回答，“沒關系；不介意”， =It doesn't matter.或Never mind.

3. 在海關、哨卡等場所，檢驗人員對出入人員的證件和包裹檢查后，發(fā)現(xiàn)無可疑情況，常說That's all right, 其含義是“可以；沒有問題”。

That’s right.

“正確；對”，用于表示對某一事物的肯定，即同意對方的觀點或意見。在口語中，可直接用right作答。

Take it easy.

“慢點、放松些、沉住氣, 別緊張, 慢慢來.”表示安慰對方“不要過度緊張”。

Take your time.

“別著急，慢慢來”，表示允許對方“慢慢做, 不用著急啊”。

It’s up to you.

“你抓主意! 你決定! 你說了算!”

It (all) depends.

“這要看情況而定”

Bad luck!

“真倒霉！真不走運！”用來同情或安慰對方。

What a pity!

“真遺憾！多可惜！”用來感慨“傷心遺憾的往事，或面對眼前可望而不可及的事情”。

I’m sorry to hear that.

“聽到這消息，我很難過?！庇脕硗榛虬参繉Ψ秸f話者。

Really?/ Is that so?

“真的嗎? 是嗎?” 只是用來表示驚奇的情感色彩, 并無安慰對方的意思。

Thank you.

感謝可用于得到別人的幫助、受到別人的贊賞、接受別人的禮物和祝愿以及謝絕別人的好意等多種場合。

I’m glad you like it.

用來回答 “送禮后對方表示的感謝, 或吃飯后客人表示的感謝.”

I’m glad to hear that.

“聽到這消息我很高興?！庇脕硐驅Ψ秸劦降南彩卤硎咀ＹR.

Do you really mean it?

“此話當真?”

I can’t believe it.

“難以置信”；

I believe not.

“我相信不是/不會…”

Believe it or not.

“信不信由你”

Of course not.

“當然不…”

I would rather not

“我寧愿不…”

That’s something.

“太好了，太棒了”，表“當你的朋友在某方面取得成功或成就時，向他表祝賀”；

That’s the case.

“情況就是這樣”.相當于Exactly: “正是如此”.

Mind your own business!

“別管閑事!” (用來警告對方)

It’s none of your business.

“不關你事!”

I’m easy.

“隨便!”

Don’t mention it.

用來回答感謝和道歉：—Thank you very much． —Don't mention it. 別客氣。

—I'm sorry to have troubled you. — Don't mention it. 沒關系.(=Think nothing of it)

補充

（四）典型考題

1、 2000-2006年廣東高考交際用語試題: （注：2004年起，廣東獨立命題。）

2006年

1. -- Andrew won't like it, you know. -- ________ ? I don't care what Andrew thinks!

A. So what B. So where C. So why D. So how

2. -- Excuse me, Sir, is the swimming pool open all day? -- ____Only from 6:00 pm to 10:00 pm.

A. That's right. B. Yes, of course

C. Sorry, I am not sure. D. Sorry, I'm afraid not

2005年

3. Tom：Mike，our team will play against the Rockets this weekend. I’m sure we will win.

Mike:_______________！

A. Good luck B. Cheers C. Best wishes D. congratulations

4. Tara: This is Tara Patel from Cotton House in Kidderminster. Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please?

Mr. Smith:_____________.

A. Speaking B. I’m Mr. Smith C. Who are you D. what’s the matter

2004年

5. — No, I’m afraid he isn’t in. This is his secretary speaking. Can I help you? ---________.

A. Oh, you will. B. Oh, that’s a pity.

C. I should think so. D. Well, I look forward to hearing from you.

6. — Do you mind if I open the window? —______ I feel a bit cold.

A. Of course not. B. I’d rather you didn’t. C. Go ahead. D. Why not?

2003年

7. —I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her. — _________. It was her fault.

A. No way B. Not possible C. No chance D. Not at all

2002年

8. — I'm taking my driving test tomorrow. —________!

A. Cheers B. Good luck C. Come on D. Congratulations

2001年

9. ---Good morning, Grand Hotel.

---Hello, I’d like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th.

---_________

A. What can I do for you? B. Just a minute, please.

C. What’s the matter? D. At your service.

2000年

10. ---What about having a drink?　　 ----_____________

　　 A. Good idea. B. Help yourself. C. Go ahead, please D. Me, too.

11. ----Waiter!　　---- _____________　　----I can't eat this , It's too salty.

　　 A. Yes, sir? B. What? 　　C. All right? D. Pardon?

2、 2006年全國各地高考交際用語試題:

1. ---Will you be able to finish your report today?

---_______.

A. I like it B. I hope so C. I’ll do so D. I’d love it

2. —How are you getting on with your cleaning? Do you need my help?

— _____ , but I think I'm all right．

A. No, thanks B. That's OK C. You are helpful D. That's very kind of you

3．—It's been raining for a whole week. I think it'll get fine soon.

— _________. We are getting into the rainy season now．

A. Yes, it will B. Of course not. C. It's possible D. It's hard to say

4. ----You know who came yesterday?

----Yao Ming? We had a basketball match.

---- ________He came and watched the game.

A. You guessed it! B. How did you know that? C. Well done! D. That was good news!

5. —I'm dead tired．I can't walk any farther, Jenny. — ________. Tommy. You can do it!

A. No problem B. No hurry C. Come on D. That's OK

6．—Michael was late for Mr. Smith's oral class this morning.

—________?As far as I know, he never came late to class.

A. How come B. So what C. Why not D. What for

7．—I reminded you not to forget the appointment. ---_______.

A. So you did B. So I do not C. So did you. D. So do I

8. --- Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is, please?

---______ Oh yes! It's past the office, next to a big market.

A. Mm, let me think. B. Oh, I beg your pardon? C. You're welcome. D. What do you mean?

9. --- I wonder if I could possibly use your car for tonight? ----______. I'm not using it anyhow.

A. Sure, go head B. I don't know C. Yes, indeed D. I don't care

10. --- How did you find your visit to Qingdao, Joanna? ---_________.

A. Oh, wonderful indeed. B. I went the alone

C. First by train and then by ship D. A guide showed me the way

11. —I’m terribly sorry that I made your table cloth dirty. —___________.

A. Never mind B. Don’t mention it C. That’s right D. Sorry

12. ---Would you take this along to the office for me? ----_________.

A. With pleasure. B. That’s right. C. Never mind. D. Don’t mention it.

13. — What a beautiful picture you've drawn! —________.

A. Not at all. B.. Thank you. C. You're great. D. I' m proud of you.

14. — Do you mind my smoking here? —_____.

A. No, thanks. B. No. Good idea. C. Yes, please. D. Yes. Better not.

★ (2006年高考全國卷三) (注: 成人高考必考題型----補全對話.另外,有部分省的普通高考題中也有類似考題.)

What do you think I ought to see first in London? I’m told one ought to see the British Museum. Do you think I shall have time for that?

--- 81 But if I were you, I should leave that for some other day. You could spend a whole day there. It’s much too big to be seen in an hour or so.

---I suppose it is. 82

---That’s not a bad idea. You could spend a couple of hours there comfortably, or even a whole afternoon, watching the wild animals and all those bride. You could have tea there too.

---I’ll do that, then. How do I get there?

--- 83 Where are we now? Oh, there’s that big building. I think your best way from here is to take Baker Street.

--- 84

---Oh, no, a quarter of an hour or so, but, if you’re in a hurry, why not take a taxi?

---I think I will 85 Taxi!

A. Let me see. B. Well, you might. C. What time is it now?

D. Is it much of a walk? E. Ah, here’s one coming. F. What about going to the Zoo?

G. Must I stay in London for long?

◆2000—2006年廣東高考交際用語試題: 1—5 ADAAC 6—10 BABBAA

◆2006年全國各地高考交際用語試題: 1---5 BDDAC 6—10 AAAAA 11—14 BABD

英語復習之交際用語（五）

答題誤區(qū)

選擇答案的基本依據(jù)是-----達到交際最基本的要求是：委婉、有禮、得體、連貫、符合文化習慣。

在答題時, 不少考生犯的錯誤主要有下面四點:

1、受母語思維干擾，錯誤應用漢語式英語。

很多考生由于受思維定勢和母語習慣的影響，在解答情景交際題時，往往不能使用地道的英語，而是按照漢語的表達方式、結構和習慣去套用英語，去選答案，結果出現(xiàn)漢語式英語，從而導致錯誤答案。

2、對英語中同義詞和多義詞用法模糊不清。

英語中有很多同義詞、近義詞，另外還有很多詞具有多義性，它們在不同語境中會呈現(xiàn)不同的詞義，而學生往往對這些詞義模糊不清，做題時無從下手。如：

--–Why haven’t you bought any butter? –--I _______ to，but I forgot about it.

Ａ. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected

【解析】答案為 C。本題既考查語言運用能力，又考查詞義的辨析。根據(jù)語境可知此處表示“我本來打算去……，但……”，故答案為Ｃ。like喜歡；wish愿望；expect期望，都不符合題意。

3、把握不住英語中問答的固定搭配習慣，答非所問。

英語中有很多口頭習慣、對話固定搭配，需要考生了解、比較并掌握，如：對別人的感謝，一般用Not at all, You are welcome, It’s my pleasure等應答；對別人的道歉，一般用Not at all, It doesn’t matter, Don’t mention it等應答；對別人的夸贊，一般用Thank you, I’m glad to hear that. It’s very kind of you to say so等應答。

--–It’s been a wonderful evening. Thank you very much. --–________.

A. My pleasure B. I’m glad to hear that C. No, thanks D. It’s OK.

【解析】答案為 A 。這是一組表達謝意的對話情景。前一句是表達謝意，英美人對別人表示謝意的話一般用My pleasure, Not at all作答。

4、弄不清題干語境，錯誤理解對話人意圖.

許多情景交際試題都是寓語言知識考查于情景交際之中，而一些學生只從語法的角度入手，不考慮語境，不能真正把握對話雙方的談話意圖，結果走入選擇的誤區(qū)。

－ Do you think our basketball team played very well yesterday? － ____________.

A. they were not nervous at all. B. They were still young

C. They played naturally. D. They couldn’t have done better

【解析】答案選D。題干提供的語境：詢問“你”有關我們的籃球運動員打得好的看法，真正體味對話人的意圖，對“我們籃球打得好” 作出贊美，“他們打得確實好”，才能對此作出正確判斷，選出答案D。

（六）答題注意事項---“四忌”

一忌上詞下用：

上詞下用指的是答句部分延用了題干句子的重點詞、信息詞，按表層意思似乎合情合理，但往往為錯誤的“虛像”，需經(jīng)進一步分析后才能確定正確選項。典型的例子如用“I don't”應答“Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”，用“Don't be sorry”回答“I'm sorry I broke your mirror”，以及用“No thanks”回答“Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”

避免“上詞下用”的誤區(qū)，一是確認題目涉及的交際功能項目，二是確認句子上下文語境，三是確認正確的話語方式。

—I wonder if I could use your telephone. —________.

A.I wonder how B. I don’t wonder C. Sorry，it's out of order D. No wonder, here it is

盡管該題中反復出現(xiàn)“wonder”一詞，但通過仔細審題可確定其考查的功能項目為征求對方意見，問句相當于“Could I use your telephone?”綜合語境和話題的分析，正確的答話方式一般為“Of course you can”（肯定）或“Sorry, you can’t”（否定），也只有C項符合題意，A、B、D項均屬典型的“上詞下用”現(xiàn)象，而且D項中的“No wonder”意思為“難怪 ”，更是和題干內容相差甚遠。

二忌中文思維：

與上詞下用比較，這一誤區(qū)更具迷惑力，因為無論按題目內容或是按思維方式來考慮，都非常符合中國學生的習慣。顯然，掌握英漢兩種語言和文化之間的相同和相異之處，對于準確解題至關重要。學生解題失誤之一是按漢語的表達方式和結構去套英語，去選答案，這屬于語言知識的“負遷移”。

—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend? —________．

A. I don’t believe B. I don’t believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not

以Do you think…? 這樣的句子來提問，用D項來回答表示否定，顯然不符合中文的表達習慣，這也正是許多學生選了A、B、C項的原因。另一個更常見的失誤是套用中國文化模式。違背英語國家的思維方式和文化習俗，這屬于文化方面的“負遷移”。此類例子有：

1.—I'd like to invite you to dinner tomorrow.—Oh, no. That'll be too much trouble.

（正確答話為：I'm very sorry, but…）

2.—Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me. —Please don't say so.

（正確答話：I'm glad you like it．）

3.—Hi, haven't seen you for ages! You look fine! —Oh, no.

（正確答話為：Thanks. You look well, too）．

三忌直接回絕：

這主要是指在對方要求得到幫助，提出請求或邀請時，回答過于直接，不夠委婉，盡管從語義角度分析是沒毛病的，但不符合英語國家的交際習慣?！罢埱蟆狈矫娴膯栐捰蠱ay I…?/Can I…?/I wonder if I could…/Do you mind if I…?等，“邀請”方面的問話有Will you…?/Would you like to…?/I'd like to invite to…等。在作否定回答時，為了表示禮貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉詞，如but, I'm afraid, I'm sorry, thanks, please, had better等。

—I didn’t know this was a one-way street, officer. —________

A. That’s all right. B.I don’t believe you.

C. How dare you say that? D. Sorry, but that’s no excuse.

許多考生可能選了B、C項，這是沒有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要禮節(jié)，答話時過于生硬，沒有顧及他人感情，而正確答案D項正是在充分考慮到說話雙方的身份，彼此之間的關系以及說話人的立場和態(tài)度的基礎上做出的選擇。

四忌答非所問：

應該說答非所問的錯誤比較容易察覺，如果問話與答話的內容風馬牛不相及的話，學生可以迅速排除。但有時雙方會話內容有所關聯(lián)，但仔細推敲發(fā)現(xiàn)其實答語并不切題。

最典型的例子是With pleasure和It's a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客氣”。