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? prototype /?pr??t??ta?p/

【助記】proto（原始的）+type（類型）一原型

N-COUNT the first design of sth from which other forms are copied or developed~原型；雛形；最初形態(tài)

~ (for/of sth)

??The prototype theory in cognitive linguistics can help us in understanding the concept of the word.

認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的原型理論可以運用到對詞的概念義的理解當(dāng)中。

? variant /?v??r??nt/  

N-COUNT A variant of a particular thing is something that has a different form from that thing, although it is related to it. 變體; 變種

例：The quagga was a strikingly beautiful variant of the zebra.白氏斑馬是一種極其美麗的斑馬變種。

? malformed /?m?l?f??md/

[助記】mal（badly） +form（形成）+ed—?畸形的

ADJ If people or parts of their body are malformed, they do not have the shape or form that they are supposed to, especially when they have been like this since birth. 畸形的 [正式]

例：More rarely, many animals died during these experiments, including those malformed at birth.許多動物死于這些試驗，這當(dāng)中包括產(chǎn)下的畸形胎。

? bulk /b?lk/  

n.①（巨大）物體

It was a ship of great bulk. 這是一艘巨大的船。

②the main part 主體【同 majority]

In fact, the bulk of the book is taken up with criticizing other works.事實上這本書的大部分內(nèi)容 都是在批評其他的作品。

③（大）

The bulk of the chickens had to be killed because of the bird flu virus.由于 禽流感病毒，大部分的雞都只能被宰殺掉。

v.顯得重要；突出

The case bulked large in the lawyer's thoughts.這案子在律師看來很重要。

【短語】in bulk大量，大批

例：Buying in bulk is more economical than shopping for small quantities.

大批采購比少量購買更經(jīng)濟(jì)實惠。

【派生】bulky a.龐大的，笨重的

? curd /k??d/ 

N-VAR Curds are the thick white substance that is formed when milk turns sour. 凝乳

例：French people prefer fresh curd cheese.

法國人愛吃新鮮凝乳制的奶酪。

? colossal /k??l?s?l/  

ADJ If you describe something as colossal, you are emphasizing that it is very large. 巨大的 [強調(diào)]

例：This is indeed a colossal success.這確實是個巨大的成功。

TE例：We cannot afford another 20 years of baby steps given the colossal challenges we face. 考慮到我們面臨的巨大挑戰(zhàn)，我們再也承受不起20年的步履蹣跚。

【派生】colossus n.巨人，巨像

? evolutionary /?i?v??lu???n?r?/

ADJ Evolutionary means relating to a process of gradual change and development. 進(jìn)化的

例：The facts are interpreted in the light of evolutionary faith.這些事實 被按照進(jìn)化的理念來解釋。

【派生】evolution n.發(fā)展；進(jìn)化

? rudimentary /?ru?d??m?nt?r?/  

【助記】rudi（天然的）+ment+ary—＞發(fā)展不完全的

1. ADJ Rudimentary things are very basic or simple and are therefore unsatisfactory. 簡陋的 [正式]

例：The earth surface of the courtyard extended into a kind of rudimentary kitchen.院子的泥土地面延伸進(jìn)一間類似簡易廚房的地方。

2. ADJ Rudimentary knowledge includes only the simplest and most basic facts. 最基本的 

例：He had only a rudimentary knowledge of French.

他只有最基本的法語知識。

例：They were given only rudimentary training in the job. 他 們僅僅 受到過基本的職業(yè)訓(xùn)練。

? tentative /?t?nt?t?v/

【助記】tent（試驗）+ative—?試探的

1. ADJ Tentative agreements, plans, or arrangements are not definite or certain, but have been made as a first step. 初步的

例：Political leaders have reached a tentative agreement to hold a preparatory conference next month. 政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)就下個月召開準(zhǔn)備會達(dá)成初步協(xié)議。

2. tentatively ADV 初步地

例：The next round of talks is tentatively scheduled to begin October 21st in Washington.下一輪談判初步定在10月21日于華盛頓進(jìn)行。

3. ADJ If someone is tentative, they are cautious and not very confident because they are uncertain or afraid. 猶豫的

例：My first attempts at complaining were kind of tentative.我頭幾次的投訴嘗試都有點兒猶豫。

4. tentatively ADV 猶豫地

例：Perhaps, he suggested tentatively, they should send for Dr. Esteves.他猶猶豫豫地建議道，他們也許應(yīng)該派人去請埃斯特維斯醫(yī)生。

【派生】

tentativeness n.遲疑，猶豫不決

tentatively ad.試探地

? unsuspecting /??ns??sp?kt??/  

ADJ You can use unsuspecting to describe someone who is not at all aware of something that is happening or going to happen. 不知情；not suspicious; trusting 無猜疑的，可信任的

例：She threw a surprise party for her unsuspecting husband.

她為她毫不知情的丈夫舉辦了一個驚喜聚會。

例：The murderer crept up on his unsuspecting victim.殺手悄悄逼近毫無戒備之心的受害者。

? unfailing /?n?fe?l??/ 

ADJ ①always able to supply more; inexhaustible 無窮無盡的

an unfailing supply永不中斷的供應(yīng)

②always present 永恒的

Classic music has unfailing charm.古典音樂有著永恒的魅力。

③可靠的

He can not have succeeded without the unfailing support of his wife.若沒 有他妻子給予的可靠支持，他是不可能成功的。

? problematic（al） /?pr?bl??m?t?k/  

【助記】problem （問題）+atic—?成問題的

a. ①open to doubt 有疑問的

b. The future of the talks on the technical cooperation between the two companies is problematic.兩家公司間有關(guān)技術(shù)合作談判的前景尚有疑問。

②full of problems and difficult to deal with 有很多問題的，難處理的，成問題的Enforcing this law has been problematic.執(zhí)行該法律成了問題。

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