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迷人的印度

本文英文部分選自經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人Obituary版塊

Sridevi died on February 24^th

希里黛玉于2018年2月24號(hào)去世

Bollywood’s Number One female superstar was 54

印度寶萊塢頭號(hào)女星，享年54歲

THE media complained that Sridevi was such an enigma, so intensely reserved. She couldn’t deny it. She felt uncomfortable talking to reporters, and for years avoided promotions and parties for her films. When she left her make-up van for a shoot, an assistant holding her pallu out of the dust, her bouncers would shout: “No pictures when she walks!”, and so the lensmen would wait, in a tizzy, for the moment when she would pause and turn her perfect face to them. But still she preferred not to talk. In her heyday in the 1980s and early 1990s all questions about her plans, her sex appeal or her love interests were deflected with a coy “Ask Mummy”. For Mummy, in the traditional way, handled all her property and tax affairs, including the negotiations with besotted producers over how many lakh of rupees she would get for every film. At her first screen-call, at the age of four, she hid in her mother’s sari out of shyness. She seemed to go on hiding there for much of her career.

在媒體看來（媒體抱怨），希里黛玉極為寡言、如謎一般，令人費(fèi)解。。她也確實(shí)如此。與記者交談讓她感到頗為不適，多年來她始終回避參與自己的電影宣傳和派對(duì)（或電影慶功會(huì)）。當(dāng)她走出化妝間來拍照時(shí)，助手幫她握住帕呂以免沾上塵土，保鏢們則大聲呼喊：“走路時(shí)禁止拍照！”攝影師們緊張地守候，直到她回眸佇立的片刻，完美容顏得以展現(xiàn)。然而她依然保持沉默。在上世紀(jì)八十年代和九十年代早期的鼎盛期時(shí)期，所有關(guān)于她的個(gè)人計(jì)劃、性感風(fēng)姿或是情感對(duì)象的問題，一律被她靦腆的糊弄說到：“問我媽媽吧”。就像一般傳統(tǒng)家庭的媽媽一樣，希里黛玉的媽媽幫她打理所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)和稅務(wù)事宜，包括和愚蠢的制片商商討每部電影能得到多少片酬。希里黛玉四歲時(shí)首次登上電視熒屏，她當(dāng)時(shí)害羞的躲在了媽媽的紗麗里。而她在職業(yè)生涯的大部分時(shí)光里，她依然如此，把自己隱藏在母親的保護(hù)傘下。

Yet she made 300 films, was Heroine Number One in Bollywood for two decades and won six Filmfare awards, India’s equivalent of the Oscars. In front of the camera she felt and was quite different, totally uninhibited. She could go from flirtatious to annoyed to rapturous in a matter of seconds, twitch her nose with disdain or slap a line of men across the face and, all the while, keep dancing. Her fans remembered every move from the climactic snake-dance scene in “Nagina” when, in deathly white, furious and venomous, she glided down a staircase to roll and gyrate in front of the evil snake-charmer, stinging his sidekicks with her hands and with the flash of her blue-lensed eyes. In “Himmatwala” her breakthrough film, she pranced so raunchily on a beach with her co-star, in a tight costume of pink and silver stripes, that she earned the nickname “Thunder Thighs”. And then there was that scene in “Mr India” in 1987—the film that also showed the whole country how good at comedy she was—when in a dimly lit cave she made love to the invisible man of the title, almost unbearably sensuous as she clung to rusty metalwork or writhed on piles of straw. She wore a plain blue chiffon sari, but it showed every curve, especially when drenched by water. If she looked so gloriously sexy in ordinary dress, could she help it?

然而，希里黛玉一生參演了300部電影，在寶萊塢了擔(dān)任女一號(hào)長(zhǎng)達(dá)二十年，并六次獲得印度電影觀眾獎(jiǎng)，相當(dāng)于印度奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)。相比于平時(shí)，希里黛玉在鏡頭前的表現(xiàn)迥然不同，完全不受拘束。她可以在短短幾秒內(nèi)從調(diào)情切換到惱怒再到狂喜，也可用輕蔑的方式抽動(dòng)鼻子，或者一邊扇著一排男人的巴掌，一邊卻一直跳著舞。她的粉絲們清晰地記得她在“蛇女”高潮情節(jié)里的每一個(gè)蛇舞動(dòng)作，面對(duì)慘白、憤怒和有毒的蛇群，她從樓梯滑下，在邪惡的蛇神面前翻滾、旋轉(zhuǎn)，用她的雙手刺向他的同伙，眼神發(fā)出藍(lán)色的光。在她的突破性電影《勇者無敵》（Himmathwala）中，她穿著粉紅和銀色條紋的緊身服裝，和男主角在海灘邊歡躍，因此得名“雷電腿”。1987年電影《印度先生》（Mr India）向全國(guó)展示了她是多么擅長(zhǎng)演喜劇，電影中有那么一幕：在一個(gè)光線昏暗的洞穴里，她愛上了隱形人，時(shí)而緊緊地貼著生銹的金屬制品，時(shí)而在一堆稻草上打滾，讓人無法忍受。她穿著一件樸素的藍(lán)色雪紡紗麗，完美地呈現(xiàn)了她身體的曲線，尤其是被水濕透后。她穿著普通的衣服看起來都那么性感，這能怪她嗎？

That sari had been her idea, after she had rejected the over-the-top sequinned number designed for her. Her power lay in suggesting what every Indian woman in a simple sari with her hair loose could do, if only she had a man who loved her as Mr India did. Equally, her snake-shimmying inspired Egyptian belly-dancers and her likeness as Benazir, a fierce Pushtun character, was woven for years into carpets in Afghanistan.

這款紗麗是她自己的主意，而她拒絕了為她設(shè)計(jì)的滿是亮片的紗麗。她的力量在于，她向大家展示了，只要有一個(gè)像印度先生一樣愛她的人，每個(gè)穿著樸素紗麗和披散頭發(fā)的印度女性都能做到的事。同樣地，她的水蛇腰啟發(fā)了埃及的肚皮舞舞者，她出演的貝娜齊爾（電影《以天為證》中角色），一個(gè)兇悍的普什圖形象，被織在阿富汗地毯上許多年。

If she did not respond to this adoration, it was because she felt her work should speak. And besides, she had never lived a normal life. She had been playing to camera, loving it even more than it loved her, since she was a child in Tamil Nadu in the south, starring in Tamil and Telugu films. For a while a teacher came on set, but then she did without schooling. Chatterers said her parents pushed her, though in fact they could not keep her away. At ten and a half she played her first romantic role, since the director had decided that she filled out her sari like a woman, and shortly after that she went to Bombay, breaking into the brashest of India’s film industries. Her father was her chaperone, and everything was done for her. She never shopped as a girl, and as a star she did not need to, happy to have her exquisite saris of south silk chosen by someone else.

如果說她并未回應(yīng)大眾對(duì)她的喜愛，是因?yàn)樗X得她的作品可以為自己代言。并且，她的人生從不平凡。她一直在攝像機(jī)前表演，她對(duì)熒幕的愛甚至勝過觀眾對(duì)她的愛，她還是個(gè)在南部泰米爾納德邦的小姑娘時(shí)，就已經(jīng)成為泰米爾語(yǔ)和泰盧固語(yǔ)的電影明星了。有段時(shí)間還有老師教她，然而之后她就不再上學(xué)了（無師自通）。流言說是她父母逼她去演戲，而事實(shí)上他們根本沒有阻止她上學(xué)。十歲半的時(shí)候，她扮演了第一個(gè)愛情電影角色，因?yàn)閷?dǎo)演覺得她能像一個(gè)女人一樣撐起她的紗麗，不久之后，她就去了孟買，闖入了火熱的印度電影產(chǎn)業(yè)。她父親是她的監(jiān)護(hù)人，為她鋪平了道路。雖然作為明星她并不需要自己買東西，但她從來沒有像個(gè)小女孩一樣逛過街，或者因收到別人為她挑選的南方絲綢制成的精致紗麗而感到開心。

Her lines, too, were said by other people when she first went to Bollywood, because she knew no Hindi; not a word. Little did they realise that she had spoken her own lines in Malayalam and Kannada films, other languages of the south, without knowing what they meant either. She memorised them phonetically, finding the right emotion somehow. When taking direction she would keep her face so blank that no one had any idea whether she had heard, so deeply was she thinking of the shot, the words and her role, whether a sparkling heroine-princess or (in “Sadma”, perhaps her finest piece of acting) a prostitute suffering from amnesia, or a breezy con-woman picking the pocket of a bartender to pay for bottles of beer.

同樣，因?yàn)閷?duì)印地語(yǔ)一竅不通，她第一次演的寶萊塢電影也是由別人配音。這些人很少知道希里黛玉在演印度南部地區(qū)的馬拉雅拉姆語(yǔ)和卡納拉語(yǔ)電影時(shí)，都是自己配音，盡管她也不懂這些語(yǔ)言的意思。她只記臺(tái)詞的發(fā)音，努力尋找恰當(dāng)?shù)那榫w加以表達(dá)。在聽表演老師的指導(dǎo)時(shí)，她一直面無表情，以至于沒人知道她到底有沒有聽進(jìn)去：那是她在為鏡頭的呈現(xiàn)、臺(tái)詞的表達(dá)和角色的扮演陷入了沉思，無論是出演萬眾矚目的英雄公主、還是一個(gè)失憶的妓女（電影Sadma的主角，或許是她最優(yōu)秀的表演）、又或是那偷調(diào)酒師的錢去買啤酒的活潑女騙子。

Fights and firecrackers

“生活中的斗士“與“影視界的奇才”

On screen she triumphed over the worst—scheming stepmothers, lecherous men, evil god-men—that could be thrown at her. “No pain, no gain” was a lesson she had learned off-screen too, though she didn’t want to specify what the whole press knew anyway, that she’d pursued a married co-star without success and was married late, at 33, to Boney Kapoor, a producer who already had a wife. That had all settled down, and she had taken 15 years out to bring up her daughters. At home she led a quiet, very systematic life, until she re-emerged in 2012 to make “English Vinglish”, a comedy about a mother, mocked by her family for her bad English, who went secretly to classes and surprised them all. But then she had always sprung surprises, bewitching a billion people as the shy girl from Sivakasi who, like the town’s famous firecrackers, could go from silent doll to live wire in the split second it took for the cameras to roll.

銀屏中的她，“戰(zhàn)勝”了那些會(huì)撲向她的“最壞的人”：詭計(jì)多端的繼母、好色之徒和歹毒惡魔?，F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，她學(xué)會(huì)了“一分耕耘，一分收獲”，她曾追求過一個(gè)已婚的男搭檔，但沒有成功，后來33歲時(shí)，她和已婚導(dǎo)演Boney Kapoor結(jié)了婚，至于媒體到底怎樣知道這些的，她也不想細(xì)說。一切都安頓好后，她退出演藝圈，15年來一直在照顧她的幾個(gè)女兒。在家里，她過著寧?kù)o的生活，一切都有條不紊。直到2012年，她才復(fù)出拍攝喜劇電影《印式英語(yǔ)》，影片講述的是一位母親因其蹩腳的英語(yǔ)而遭到家人嘲笑，于是她偷偷地報(bào)班學(xué)習(xí)，并最終讓全家人感到意外。接下來，詩(shī)麗黛瑋讓人驚喜連連：那個(gè)來自西瓦卡西（Sivakasi）的靦腆女孩，就像該城著名的煙花，能在剎那之間從寂靜無聲變得活力四射，迷倒了十億人。

翻譯組：

Yi, 女，財(cái)務(wù)民工，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人愛好者

Neil,  男，外貿(mào)民工，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人鐵粉

Lucia，女，翻譯學(xué)碩士三年制，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人愛好者

校核組：

Forest，女，自由職業(yè)，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人愛好者

Dada： 男，醫(yī)學(xué)英譯 ，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人愛好者

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