? 既然是詳解,那么我們就不能只知道怎么安裝hive了,下面從hive的基本說起,如果你了解了,那么請(qǐng)直接移步安裝與配置 hive是什么 hive安裝和配置 hive的測(cè)試 hive這里簡(jiǎn)單說明一下,好對(duì)大家配置hive有點(diǎn)幫助。hive是建立在hadoop上的,當(dāng)然,你如果只搭建hive也沒用什么錯(cuò)。說簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn),hadoop中的mapreduce調(diào)用如果面向DBA的時(shí)候,那么問題也就顯現(xiàn)了,因?yàn)椴皇敲總€(gè)DBA都能明白mapreduce的工作原理,如果為了管理數(shù)據(jù)而需要學(xué)習(xí)一門新的技術(shù),從現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中來說,公司又需要花錢請(qǐng)更有技術(shù)的人來了。 開個(gè)玩笑,hadoop是為了存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)和計(jì)算而推廣的技術(shù),而和數(shù)據(jù)掛鉤的也就屬于數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的領(lǐng)域了,所以hadoop和DBA掛鉤也就是情理之中的事情,在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)之上,我們就需要為了DBA創(chuàng)作適合的技術(shù)。 hive正是實(shí)現(xiàn)了這個(gè),hive是要類SQL語(yǔ)句(HiveQL)來實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)hadoop下的數(shù)據(jù)管理。hive屬于數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)的范疇,那么,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)到底有什么區(qū)別了,這里簡(jiǎn)單說明一下:數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)側(cè)重于OLTP(在線事務(wù)處理),數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)側(cè)重OLAP(在線分析處理);也就是說,例如mysql類的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)更側(cè)重于短時(shí)間內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)處理,反之。 無hive:使用者.....->mapreduce...->hadoop數(shù)據(jù)(可能需要會(huì)mapreduce) 有hive:使用者...->HQL(SQL)->hive...->mapreduce...->hadoop數(shù)據(jù)(只需要會(huì)SQL語(yǔ)句) ?hive安裝和配置安裝一:下載hive——地址:http://mirror./apache/hive/ ?這里以hive-2.1.1為例子,如圖: 將hive解壓到/usr/local下: [root@s100 local]# tar -zxvf apache-hive-2.1.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 將文件重命名為hive文件: [root@s100 local]# mv apache-hive-2.1.1-bin hive ? 修改環(huán)境變量/etc/profile: [root@s100 local]# vim /etc/profile ? 1 #hive 2 export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive 3 export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin 執(zhí)行source /etc.profile: 執(zhí)行hive --version [root@s100 local]# hive --version ? ?有hive的版本顯現(xiàn),安裝成功! 配置[root@s100 conf]# cd /usr/local/hive/conf/ 修改hive-site.xml: 這里沒有,我們就以模板復(fù)制一個(gè): [root@s100 conf]# cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml [root@s100 conf]# vim hive-site.xml ? 1.配置hive-site.xml(第5點(diǎn)的后面有一個(gè)單獨(dú)的hive-site.xml配置文件,這個(gè)如果有疑問可以用后面的配置文件,更容易明白) 主要是mysql的連接信息(在文本的最開始位置) <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?><!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www./licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --><configuration> <!-- WARNING!!! This file is auto generated for documentation purposes ONLY! --> <!-- WARNING!!! Any changes you make to this file will be ignored by Hive. --> <!-- WARNING!!! You must make your changes in hive-site.xml instead. --> <!-- Hive Execution Parameters --> <!-- 插入一下代碼 --> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>用戶名(這4是新添加的,記住刪除配置文件原有的哦?。? <value>root</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>密碼 <value>123456</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>mysql <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.68:3306/hive</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>mysql驅(qū)動(dòng)程序 <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <!-- 到此結(jié)束代碼 --> <property> <name>hive.exec.script.wrapper</name> <value/> <description/> </property> 2.復(fù)制mysql的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序到hive/lib下面(這里已經(jīng)拷貝好了) [root@s100 lib]# ll mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 789885 1月 4 01:43 mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar ? 3.在mysql中hive的schema(在此之前需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建mysql下的hive數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)) 1 [root@s100 bin]# pwd 2 /usr/local/hive/bin 3 [root@s100 bin]# schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema 4.執(zhí)行hive命令 [root@localhost hive]# hive 成功進(jìn)入hive界面,hive配置完成 5.查詢mysql(hive這個(gè)庫(kù)是在?schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema?之前創(chuàng)建的?。?/p> 1 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 2 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. 3 Your MySQL connection id is 10 4 Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution 5 6 Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7 8 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 9 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 10 owners. 11 12 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. 13 14 mysql> use hive 15 Reading table information for completion of table and column names 16 You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A 17 18 Database changed 19 mysql> show tables; 20 --------------------------- 21 | Tables_in_hive | 22 --------------------------- 23 | AUX_TABLE | 24 | BUCKETING_COLS | 25 | CDS | 26 | COLUMNS_V2 | 27 | COMPACTION_QUEUE | 28 | COMPLETED_COMPACTIONS | 備注 (這里不計(jì)入正文不要重復(fù)配置hive-site.xml)配置文件hive-site.xml 這里不得不說一下,如果你的?schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema?并沒有執(zhí)行成功怎么辦,小博主昨天在這卡了一天,最后根據(jù)偉大的百度和hive官方文檔,直接寫了一個(gè)hive-site.xml配置文本: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hahive</value>(mysql地址localhost) </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>(mysql的驅(qū)動(dòng)) <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>(用戶名) <value>root</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>(密碼) <value>123456</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name> <value>false</value> </property> </configuration> ? ? ? 那我們做這些事干什么的呢,下面小段測(cè)試大家感受一下 hive測(cè)試:備注:這里是第二個(gè)配置文件的演示:所以數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名稱是hahive數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)! 1.需要知道現(xiàn)在的hadoop中的HDFS存了什么 [root@localhost conf]# hadoop fs -lsr / 2.進(jìn)入hive并創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測(cè)試庫(kù)和測(cè)試表 [root@localhost conf]# hive ?創(chuàng)建庫(kù): 1 hive> create database hive_1; 2 OK 3 Time taken: 1.432 seconds ?顯示庫(kù): 1 hive> show databases; 2 OK 3 default 4 hive_1 5 Time taken: 1.25 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s) ?創(chuàng)建庫(kù)成功! 3.查詢一下HDFS有什么變化 多了一個(gè)庫(kù)hive_1 娜莫喔?jìng)兊膍ysql下的hahive庫(kù)有什么變化
4.在hive_1下創(chuàng)建一個(gè)表hive_01
HDFS下的情況: mysql下:
娜莫在web端是什么樣子的呢! ? 總的來說,hive其實(shí)就和mysql差不多呢!那么后面就不說了 最后,瀏覽別人博客的時(shí)候都會(huì)有版權(quán)聲明,感覺好6的樣子,小博主以后也寫一段╭(╯^╰)╮ ?版權(quán)聲明: 本文作者:魁·帝小仙 博文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/dxxblog/p/8193967.html 歡迎對(duì)小博主的博文內(nèi)容批評(píng)指點(diǎn),如果問題,可評(píng)論或郵件聯(lián)系(2335228250@qq.com) 歡迎轉(zhuǎn)載,轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)?jiān)谖恼马?yè)面明顯位置給出原文鏈接,謝謝 來源:https://www./content-4-574201.html |
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