Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Inc. (GMCR, Inc.) is engaged in the specialty coffee industry. The Company sells over 100 whole bean and ground coffee selections, hot cocoa, teas and coffees in K-Cup portion packs, Keurig single up brewers and other accessories. The Company manages its operations through two business segments, Green Mountain Coffee (GMC) and Keurig, Incorporated (Keurig). GMC sells whole bean and ground coffee, hot cocoa, teas and coffees in K-Cups mainly in domestic wholesale and retail markets, and directly to consumers. In addition, GMC sells Keurig single-cup brewers and other accessories primarily directly to consumers and to supermarkets. The majority of GMC’s revenue is derived from its North American wholesale markets. 主要在北美地區(qū)(目前主要是美國境內)通過一系列的批發(fā)零售渠道從事高品質咖啡(亦可為:精選咖啡,SPECIALTY COFFEE)的銷售業(yè)務。公司業(yè)務分為兩塊:綠山咖啡和KEURIG。 公司創(chuàng)立后在NEW ENGLAND地區(qū)進行積累發(fā)展,并一直希望發(fā)展成為全國性品牌。通過和??松梨诤献鳙@得了在其便利店進行區(qū)域繼而全國推廣的機會。2006年6月,綠山咖啡收購KEURIG鎖定單杯咖啡市場。 綠山咖啡以環(huán)境保護、公平貿易、回報社會、高品質咖啡而享有盛名。其產品中有超過1/3的為有機咖啡產品。 KEURIG以其單杯咖啡機(KEURIG brewer)的銷售和K-CUP授權使用為主要業(yè)務。其中,BREWER按照成本銷售,考慮到銷售BREWER時搭售幾盒K-CUP以及廣告支出,brewer的銷售實際是負毛利,但K-CUP的授權使用收取0.064$/杯。 GMC自身的咖啡產品也有相當大的部分采用K-CUP形式銷售,也是最早接受和采用K-CUP的銷售形式。在2008年全部K-CUP中,GMC的產品占比超過50%。隨著2009年3月底結束收購TULLY'S(美國西海岸著名高品質咖啡品牌),料公司產品占K-CUP總銷量中比重將進一步上升。 這是公司業(yè)務的大致情形。 單杯咖啡市場: "Why brew coffee a pot at a time when we drink it a cup at a time?" Keurig was founded by coffee lovers who believed that coffee should always be served fresh, whether at home or at the office, just as in a gourmet coffee house. They noticed that people were constantly leaving their homes and offices in search of a fresh cup of coffee and asked themselves: "Why do we brew coffee a pot at a time when we drink it a cup at a time?" From this question, the revolutionary concept of Keurig K-Cup? portion pack brewing was born. Today, Keurig, Incorporated is the leader in single-cup coffee brewing technology in the U.S. for both home and office. Introduced in 1998, Keurig's innovative single-cup brewing system lets coffee lovers brew perfect coffee, one cup at a time, in less than a minute. Keurig's patented single-cup brewing system lets people brew a perfect cup of gourmet coffee in less than a minute without the hassle of grinding beans, measuring coffee, handling filters or cleaning up. Keurig takes away all the guesswork from brewing a consistently great cup of coffee. KEURIG. BREWING EXCELLENCE ONE CUP AT A TIME? 這段話摘自KEURIG公司網站。 就是這句"Why brew coffee a pot at a time when we drink it a cup at a time?"的理念產生了K-CUP。 歐洲較早推行單杯咖啡機,雀巢的NESPRESSO為歐洲單杯咖啡機的絕對壟斷者,占全部咖啡機比例超過22%。美國則是以KEURIG BREWER為主要的單杯咖啡機大行其道。2008年最后一個季度,KEURIG 的brewer銷量增幅同比超過120%,占全部單杯咖啡機銷售金額的85%。而單杯咖啡機銷量在當季也達到了11%。而2008年底全美咖啡機中單杯咖啡機滲透率依然只為6%的水平。 目前美國家庭擁有大概9000萬臺咖啡機??Х葯C的使用壽命設計為5年。根據統(tǒng)計數據,更換周期為4.5年,年銷量接近2000萬臺。這為單杯咖啡機的滲透提供了較好的契機。如果2008年四季度的銷售量占比維持住,則4年半后單杯咖啡機滲透率超過11%! 單杯咖啡機帶來的便利為多數消費者所喜愛,同時又可享受高品質的咖啡。K-CUP對于咖啡業(yè)的改變可能有些類似利樂包裝對于牛奶行業(yè)的變化。 毫無疑問,KEURIG的brewer已經成為單杯咖啡機市場的最重要參與者。同時參與競爭的卡夫旗下的TASSIMO算一個挑戰(zhàn)者,雖然其咖啡機可以使用星巴克的產品,但終因選擇品種不夠豐富、咖啡機設計笨拙以及價格太高(不是按成本銷售)而占據較小的市場份額。至于歐洲霸主雀巢旗下的NESPRESSO則在美國銷售不見起色。 咖啡機按照成本出售,收取K-CUP的許可費,使得KEURIG擁有較好的“刀片模式”,這個詞匯應該是來自于吉列的商業(yè)啟示。當然,這一模型也被稱為“捕鼠夾模式”,當消費者購回KEURIG brewer,其會連續(xù)購買K-CUP,公司通過收取許可費獲利。按照2008年的數據,公司K-CUP的attachment rate為2-2.5杯/臺.天。 KEURIG的brewer全部由中國大陸一家廠商制作,隨著銷量的增長,未來生產成本會進一步下降并帶動終端銷售價格下降,繼而帶動銷量。 同時,隨著公司廣告的推廣,銷量也會出現意外的上升。2008年四季度是最好的例證,公司當季投入600萬美元進行廣告宣傳。2009年公司廣告投入規(guī)劃為2000萬美元。 消費者口口相傳以及終端的態(tài)度轉變可能也是重大的促進因素。 |
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