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The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University, or simply Cambridge) is the second oldest university in England and the fourth oldest in the world. In post-nominals the university's name is abbreviated as Cantab, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis (an adjective derived from Cantabrigia, the Latinised form of Cambridge).The university grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed, early records suggest, in 1209 by scholars leaving Oxford after a dispute with townsfolk.[5] The two 'ancient universities' have many common features and are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to cultural and practical associations as a historic part of British society, the two universities have a long history of rivalry with each other.Academically, Cambridge has been ranked one of the world's top five universities, the leading university in Europe, and contends with Oxford for first place in UK league tables. The University's alumni include 87 Nobel Laureates as of 2010. The University is a member of the Russell Group of research-led British universities, the Coimbra Group, the League of European Research Universities and the International Alliance of Research Universities.Cambridge’s status was enhanced by a charter in 1231 from King Henry III of England which awarded the ius non trahi extra (a right to discipline its own members) plus some exemption from taxes, and a bull in 1233 from Pope Gregory IX that gave graduates from Cambridge the right to teach everywhere in Christendom.After Cambridge was described as a studium generale in a letter by Pope Nicholas IV in 1290, and confirmed as such in a bull by Pope John XXII in 1318, it became common for researchers from other European medieval universities to come and visit Cambridge to study or to give lecture courses.英國劍橋大學(xué)（非正式劍橋大學(xué)，或只是劍橋）是英國第二古老的大學(xué)和世界第四最古老的。在后名詞性大學(xué)的名字是劍橋大學(xué)，縮短了Cantabrigiensis形式（從Cantabrigia派生形容詞縮寫，劍橋大學(xué)Latinised形式）。 該大學(xué)在劍橋長大的成立，早在1209年的記錄表明，留在與鄉(xiāng)親爭端城市牛津?qū)W者對他的學(xué)者聯(lián)誼會。[5]這兩個“古老的大學(xué)”有許多共同的特點，往往統(tǒng)稱為牛津劍橋。除了作為英國社會的歷史文化和現(xiàn)實的一部分，協(xié)會，兩所大學(xué)有一個彼此競爭的悠久歷史。 在學(xué)業(yè)上，劍橋一直排在世界前5所大學(xué)之一，在歐洲領(lǐng)先的大學(xué)，在英國排行榜首位與牛津爭辯。大學(xué)的校友包括87位諾貝爾獎得主為2010年。大學(xué)是研究領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的英國大學(xué)羅素集團的成員，科英布拉集團，歐洲研究型大學(xué)和研究型大學(xué)國際聯(lián)盟聯(lián)賽。 劍橋大學(xué)的地位得到了加強，在1231年由國王亨利三世對英國的授予曼月樂?非trahi額外（以懲戒權(quán)其會員章程），加上一些減免稅待遇，并在1233年由羅馬教皇格雷戈里九，這使畢業(yè)生從牛市劍橋的權(quán)利，各地基督教教。 經(jīng)過劍橋被描述為在一個由羅馬教皇尼古拉四信在1290年教學(xué)儀器興業(yè)，因此在一個由教皇約翰二十二牛市在1318年證實，它成了來自其他歐洲中世紀(jì)大學(xué)的研究人員共同前來參觀學(xué)習(xí)或劍橋給予講座課程。
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