Dear Alice， 

　　In response to your email seeking my advice， I am writing not only to express my sincere gratitude to you for your trust but also to offer my suggestions. 

　　From my perspective， both of your parents’idea and yours are understandable. After all， it is because your parents love you too much that they expect you to accompany them all the time. On the other hand， you are old enough to have your private space. In such a case， I suggest that you stick to your view， and only in this way can you learn to live independently. Of course， you had better have a discussion with 

　　第一段里用not only... but also 把本郵件的兩個(gè)寫作目的“1. 感謝她的信任；2. 回應(yīng)她的請(qǐng)求”并列起來，既簡(jiǎn)明扼要地向讀者交代了本文的寫作目的，又照應(yīng)了命題人提出的寫作要求，讓讀者一目了然。由于not only... but also 是中國(guó)學(xué)生既熟悉又熱衷的一個(gè)經(jīng)典寫作句型，也是老師們教學(xué)中反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，在文章開頭使用，閱卷老師一眼就能看到，也會(huì)肯倍感親切。
　　該書面表達(dá)的第三個(gè)寫作要求是“3. 說明你的理由”。本部分首先分析了問題的根源，即Alice及其父母的看法的合理性；緊接著是針對(duì)寫作要求的重點(diǎn)，即作者提出建議并說明自己提這些建議的“理由”。第一點(diǎn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)“It is... that...”， 強(qiáng)調(diào)父母的想法有道理。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語從句，既客觀地分析了問題產(chǎn)生的根源，又加強(qiáng)了語氣，增強(qiáng)了說服力。第二點(diǎn)里用了倒裝句，即Only加狀語放在句首構(gòu)成倒裝，提建議的同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)自己建議的合理性，符合人們的思維習(xí)慣。這里倒裝句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句的使用無疑使文章在語言上有了亮點(diǎn)，上了一個(gè)檔次，會(huì)給評(píng)卷老師更深刻的印象，引起他們的共鳴，打分時(shí)會(huì)情不自禁地往高處打。
　　在實(shí)際的寫作過程中，考生要想拿高分，始終要有強(qiáng)烈的展示這三個(gè)高級(jí)句型（也可能是其他句型）的意識(shí)和愿望，要牢記我們必須想辦法把這些高級(jí)句型用到每篇書面表達(dá)中。在寫前的構(gòu)思階段即在考慮“寫什么”“怎么寫”的時(shí)候，就應(yīng)該琢磨哪一段、哪句話、哪些內(nèi)容里用哪個(gè)高級(jí)句型。為了用上這些高級(jí)句型，要創(chuàng)設(shè)必要的情景，提煉有關(guān)的要點(diǎn)，精選相應(yīng)的用詞，拓展關(guān)鍵的句子，調(diào)整表達(dá)的思路，有目的地把要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容和目標(biāo)句型縝密地結(jié)合起來。也可以在書面表達(dá)初步成文之后，在潤(rùn)色的環(huán)節(jié)把這三個(gè)句型用改寫的方法恰當(dāng)?shù)厝谌脒M(jìn)去，達(dá)到使文章晉檔升級(jí)、妙筆生花的效果。
　　當(dāng)然，不少學(xué)生對(duì)這三個(gè)句型的掌握還有模糊的地方，導(dǎo)致不敢用或錯(cuò)用；或沒必要用而盲目使用；或牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)地死搬硬套，為倒裝而倒裝，為強(qiáng)調(diào)而強(qiáng)調(diào)。為此，筆者以2018年全國(guó)高考I卷書面表達(dá)（1. 到達(dá)時(shí)間；2. 合適的禮物；3. 餐桌禮儀）為例說明如何在高考書信中正確運(yùn)用三個(gè)句型。
　　一、not only... but also（不但……而且……）
　　1. 用法說明：該結(jié)構(gòu)屬并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)詞類和句法功能完全對(duì)等平行、做同一句子成分的詞、短語或并列分句；強(qiáng)調(diào)后者；連接主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)與后者保持一致；連接并列分句時(shí)可以把not only 放在第一個(gè)并列分句的句首，且該分句倒裝；第二個(gè)分句中的also 可以省略，或放在行為動(dòng)詞之前、主語或助動(dòng)詞之后。因此，要想在書面表達(dá)中運(yùn)用這個(gè)句型，必須找出兩個(gè)對(duì)等的或平行的成分或結(jié)構(gòu)。
　　2. 典型錯(cuò)句
　?。?）用于否定句。如：
　　Not only you but also your friend should not play with cell phones while eating.
　　（2）并列部分不對(duì)等。如：
　　You can not only buy some fruits but also some tea.   
（3）not only放在第一個(gè)分句句首時(shí)，不倒裝。如： 
　　Not only you can go to visit your friends before dinner， but also you can go to see him in the evening.（also最好放在 can后面） 
　　3. 運(yùn)用舉例： 
　?。?）談寫信目的 
　　I’m writing not only to tell you about the right arrival time and suitable gifts when visiting Chinese friends but also to introduce you some Chinese table manners. 
　　In reply to your email inquiring about Chinese customs about visiting friends， I am writing not only to inform you of the relevant information but also to give you some advice. 
　　（2）談到達(dá)時(shí)間 
　　Chinese hosts are not only friendly but also hospitable， so they expect you to get there before dinner in order to treat you to a big dinner. 
　　You’d better arrive at your friend’s home at the appointed time. In this way， not only can you leave your friend a good impression of being punctual， but he can also have enough time to prepare dinner. 
　　（3）談合適禮物 
　　You can take some fruits or flowers that are loved not only by children but also by adults. 
　　You can not only take some fresh fruits but also buy a box of milk. 
　　Gifts like fruits and flowers are not only inexpensive but also meaningful and practical. 
　　（4）談餐桌禮儀 
　　Chinese hosts will not only prepare quite a few delicious dishes for their respectable guests but also frequently put food on the guests’plate or bowl. 
　　Not only loud noises but also laughing and talking loudly are thought to be impolite， which should be forbidden. 
　　It is not only impolite but also disrespectful to play with cellphones at dinner time. 
　　Not only the hosts but also the guests should avoid focusing on their cell phones at table. 
　　二、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) 
　　1. 使用說明：倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)是為了突出句子的某一部分，把某些詞放在句首時(shí)，必須把謂語動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞放到主語前面，從而構(gòu)成（部分）倒裝。倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的使用，增強(qiáng)了句式的多樣性和說服力。寫作過程中必須根據(jù)上下文創(chuàng)設(shè)情景，選擇最適合的倒裝句式。only加狀語放在句首構(gòu)成的倒裝句寫作中用得最廣。另外，否定意義的頻度副詞（little， never， hardly， seldom， neither， nor， scarcely， rarely， barely等）、表示程度的so /such以及not only，not until等放在句首構(gòu)成的倒裝也很常用。 
　　2. 典型錯(cuò)句 
　　（1）助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不提前。如： 
　　Only by working hard you can succeed. 
　　（2）加助動(dòng)詞do， does， did后，謂語動(dòng)詞沒有用原形。如： 
　　Only then did I realized that I had forgot to close the door. 
　　3. 運(yùn)用舉例 
　　（1）談寫信目的 
　　So grateful am I to you for your trust in me that I am writing to inform you of the relevant information as soon as I receive your e-mail. 
　?。?）談到達(dá)時(shí)間 
So friendly are Chinese hosts that they often prepare a big dinner for their guests so you can arrive there a little early to give them a hand. 
　　By no means should you arrive at your friend’s home too early or too late. 
　　（3）談合適禮物 
　　Seldom do Chinese buy expensive gifts when visiting friends except on important occasions. 
　　In China， hardly do we open a gift box or bag to appreciate the gifts before the guests leave. 
　　So practical and popular are such gifts as fruits， milk and children’s toys that they are appropriate for most home visits. 
　　So unique and characteristic are the native produce taken from your homeland that they are the best gifts to give to your friend. 
　?。?）談餐桌禮儀 
　　So hospitable is your Chinese host that he will frequently put the most delicious food into your dish to encourage you to eat more， in which case you’d better not reject. 
　　We don’t use forks and knives in China. Neither do you need to feel surprised when offered a pair of chopsticks. 
　　You can not make much noise when chewing food， nor can you cough without turning around. 
　　Never can you stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others， which is thought disrespectful. 
　　Never can you urge others to drink alcohol unless you toastthe others. 
　　Only after all the people are seated can you begin eating with others. 
　　Only in this way can you and your friend have a good time enjoying a feast together. 
　　三、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu) 
　　It is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that/who+ 其他 
　　1. 使用說明：顧名思義，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)就是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一成分（謂語動(dòng)詞和做定語、狀語的形容詞、副詞除外）。使用該結(jié)構(gòu)，既能增加文章句式的多樣性和復(fù)雜性，又能加強(qiáng)語氣，提高說服力和表達(dá)效果，容易引起評(píng)卷老師的注意。 
　　2. 典型錯(cuò)誤：使用該句型的常見錯(cuò)誤包括： 
　?。?）不需要強(qiáng)調(diào)卻用強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。 
　?。?）is 和was 的誤用（謂語是各種現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)時(shí)用 is，謂語是各種過去時(shí)時(shí)用was， 不能用am， are 或were）。如： 
　　It is you who was to blame for the accident.（強(qiáng)調(diào)過去應(yīng)該用was） 
　?。?）that， who， where和when的誤用（除被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人可以用who或that外，其他情況均只用that，不能用which，where 或when）。如： 
　　It was in the classroom where we had our PE lesson， because it was raining.（強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語應(yīng)該用that，此處把強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)和定語從句混淆） 
　　（4）丟掉引導(dǎo)詞（that 或who）。 
　?。?）強(qiáng)調(diào)句中插入定語從句造成句子過長(zhǎng)、句意不清等。 
　　3. 運(yùn)用舉例 
　?。?）談寫信目的 
　　It is your trust in me and your interest in Chinese customs that urge me to write back to you so soon. 
　　It is for the purpose of giving you a brief introduction about Chinese culture concerning gifts and table manners that I’m writing to you. 
　　（2）談到達(dá)時(shí)間 
It is being a few minutes late that will give your friend more time to get ready. 
　　As for the time of arrival， it is your punctuality that indicates your good manners and respect for others. 
　　It is your punctual appearance at the appointed time that will leave your friend adequate time to make preparations. 
　　It is your early arrival that will leave your friend unprepared， which is not advocated. 
　?。?）談合適禮物 
　　The gift itself may be small， but it is the goodwill it conveys that counts. 
　　It is small and inexpensive gifts such as fruits， milk and children’s toys that are recommended. 
　　It is fresh fruits and flowers which are not so expensive that are especially well received. 
　　It is toys and candies that are most suitable if your friend has children. 
　　It is the local agricultural products of your hometown in New Zealand that are most proper in such a case. 
　　（4）談餐桌禮儀 
　　It is talking and laughing loudly while eating that is always forbidden. 
　　It is the noise caused while chewing or enjoying food that is considered most impolite. 
　　If you have dinner in a restaurant， it is your host friend who should order the dishes. 
　　It is your praise for your host’s cooking skill and hospitality that will make him happier with a sense of achievement. 
　　It is your enjoying the foods prepared by your friend that will make your friend more delighted. 
　　四、含三個(gè)高級(jí)句型的原創(chuàng)例文 
　　2018年全國(guó)高考I卷的書面表達(dá)在內(nèi)容方面明顯有難度，因?yàn)椴粌H涉及到知識(shí)性問題，考生的地域、知識(shí)面、家庭教育、社交經(jīng)歷等背景差異也會(huì)對(duì)寫作結(jié)果帶來影響；而且餐桌禮儀又是一個(gè)很大的話題，如何在100個(gè)詞左右的短文中內(nèi)談清楚三個(gè)話題對(duì)中學(xué)生來說很有挑戰(zhàn)性。在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)，做到深入淺出、長(zhǎng)話短說、大題小做，既要斟酌要點(diǎn)，又要用上高級(jí)詞匯和兩到三個(gè)高級(jí)句型，這絕對(duì)不是一件容易的事。但只要我們平時(shí)多積累，考場(chǎng)認(rèn)真審題，準(zhǔn)確理解寫作要求，切題而不跑題（“到達(dá)時(shí)間”應(yīng)該指到達(dá)朋友家的時(shí)間而不是指坐飛機(jī)到達(dá)中國(guó)的時(shí)間，飯前洗手是衛(wèi)生問題而不是餐桌禮儀），精選要點(diǎn)，充滿信心，正確使用基礎(chǔ)語法和詞匯，適當(dāng)使用復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)和高級(jí)詞匯，特別是恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用本文提到的三個(gè)高級(jí)句型，相信我們的書面表達(dá)一定能夠得高分甚至滿分。以下是一篇運(yùn)用了上述三個(gè)高級(jí)句型的原創(chuàng)例文： 
　　DearTerry， 
　　I am Li Hua. I am writing to inform you of the Chinese customs concerning not only the right arrival time and suitable gifts but also proper table manners in family visiting. 
　　Personally speaking， you should arrive at your friend’s home on time， for it is your punctual presence that will keep everything going as scheduled. As for the gifts， you can take some inexpensive fresh fruits or flowers. Native local products from your homeland are more appropriate. Talking of table manners， you are kindly reminded that you can never stick your chopsticks in your food or point them at others. Besides， noises in chewing food or talking loudly while dining are considered impolite. Lastly， only by praising your host for his cooking skills and saying thanks for his warm reception can you make him more delighted. 
　　Hope my introduction will be helpful and look forward to your pleasant visit. 
　　Yours，