日常維護中,經(jīng)常會碰到線程被阻塞,導致數(shù)據(jù)庫響應非常慢,下面就看看如何獲取是哪個線程導致了阻塞的。 blog地址:http://blog.csdn.net/hw_libo/article/details/39080809
1. 環(huán)境說明RHEL 6.4 x86_64 + MySQL 5.6.19 事務隔離級別:RR
2. 測試過程
3. 查看鎖阻塞線程信息這里用幾中方法進行分析:
3.1 使用show processlist查看- MySQL [(none)]> show processlist;
- +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------+------------------------------------------+
- | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
- +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------+------------------------------------------+
- | 2 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |
- | 3 | root | localhost | test | Query | 70 | Sending data | select count(*) from t3 a,t3 b |
- | 4 | root | localhost | test | Query | 65 | updating | delete from emp where empno=7788 |
- | 7 | root | localhost | test | Query | 68 | updating | update emp set sal=3500 where empno=7788 |
- +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------+------------------------------------------+
- 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果數(shù)據(jù)庫存在較多線程的話,這種方法確實不太好確認的。
3.2 直接使用show engine innodb status查看- ------------
- TRANSACTIONS
- ------------
- Trx id counter 4131
- Purge done for trx's n:o < 4119 undo n:o < 0 state: running but idle
- History list length 126
- LIST OF TRANSACTIONS FOR EACH SESSION:
- ---TRANSACTION 0, not started
- MySQL thread id 2, OS thread handle 0x7f953ffff700, query id 115 localhost root init
- show engine innodb status
- ---TRANSACTION 4130, ACTIVE 41 sec starting index read
- mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
- LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
- MySQL thread id 4, OS thread handle 0x7f953ff9d700, query id 112 localhost root updating
- delete from emp where empno=7788
- ------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 41 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED: ## 等待了41s
- RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4130 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting
- Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 線程4在等待往test.emp中的主鍵上加X鎖,page num=3
- 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
- 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
- 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;;
- 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;;
- 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;;
- 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
- 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
- 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
- 8: SQL NULL;
- 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
-
- ------------------
- ---TRANSACTION 4129, ACTIVE 45 sec starting index read
- mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
- LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
- MySQL thread id 7, OS thread handle 0x7f953ff6c700, query id 111 localhost root updating
- update emp set sal=3500 where empno=7788
- ------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 45 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED: ## 等待了45s
- RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4129 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting
- Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 線程7在等待往test.emp中的主鍵上加X鎖,page num=3
- 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
- 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
- 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;;
- 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;;
- 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;;
- 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
- 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
- 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
- 8: SQL NULL;
- 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
-
- ------------------
- ---TRANSACTION 4128, ACTIVE 51 sec
- 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
- MySQL thread id 3, OS thread handle 0x7f953ffce700, query id 110 localhost root cleaning up
我們知道,主要根因還是thread=3引起的,但從innodb status中卻無法分析得到這個結果。從上面來看,線程4和線程7都在等待往test.emp中的主鍵上加X鎖,page num=3,但是線程7等待的時間為45s,而線程4等待的時間為41s,是較線程7之后申請的鎖,所以可以判斷是線程7阻塞了線程4。至于線程7為什么出現(xiàn)等待,這里分析不到根因。
3.3 使用mysqladmin debug查看# mysqladmin -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock debug
然后在error日志中,會看到: - Thread database.table_name Locked/Waiting Lock_type
-
-
- 3 test.t3 Locked - read Low priority read lock
- 7 test.emp Locked - write High priority write lock
這種方法中,能找到線程ID=3和7是阻塞者,但還是不太準確,判斷不出來線程7也是被線程ID=3阻塞的。
3.4 使用innodb_lock_monitor來獲取阻塞鎖線程- MySQL [test]> CREATE TABLE innodb_lock_monitor (a INT) ENGINE=INNODB; ## 隨便在一個數(shù)據(jù)庫中創(chuàng)建這個表,就會打開lock monitor
- Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.07 sec)
-
- MySQL [test]> show warnings\G
- *************************** 1. row ***************************
- Level: Warning
- Code: 131
- Message: Using the table name innodb_lock_monitor to enable diagnostic output is deprecated and may be removed in future releases. Use INFORMATION_SCHEMA or PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA tables or SET GLOBAL innodb_status_output=ON.
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
說明:這個在5.6中有一個warning,但不影響使用。
然后再使用show engine innodb status查看:
- ------------
- TRANSACTIONS
- ------------
- Trx id counter 4667
- Purge done for trx's n:o < 4659 undo n:o < 0 state: running but idle
- History list length 138
- LIST OF TRANSACTIONS FOR EACH SESSION:
- ---TRANSACTION 0, not started
- MySQL thread id 9, OS thread handle 0x7f813c5f7700, query id 152 localhost root init
- show engine innodb status
- ---TRANSACTION 4663, ACTIVE 78 sec starting index read
- mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
- LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
- MySQL thread id 4, OS thread handle 0x7f813c628700, query id 149 localhost root updating
- delete from emp where empno=7788
- ------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 78 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED: ## 等待了78s
- RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting
- Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 線程4在等待往test.emp中的主鍵上加X鎖,page num=3
- 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
- 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
- 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;;
- 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;;
- 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;;
- 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
- 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
- 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
- 8: SQL NULL;
- 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
-
- ------------------
- TABLE LOCK table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock mode IX ## 在給主鍵行上加X鎖之前,先要在表上加意向鎖IX
- RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting
- Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0
- 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
- 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
- 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;;
- 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;;
- 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;;
- 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
- 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
- 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
- 8: SQL NULL;
- 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
-
- ---TRANSACTION 4662, ACTIVE 81 sec starting index read
- mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
- LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
- MySQL thread id 7, OS thread handle 0x7f813c5c6700, query id 148 localhost root updating
- update emp set sal=3500 where empno=7788
- ------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 81 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED: ## 等待了81s
- RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting
- Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 線程7在等待往test.emp中的主鍵上加X鎖,page num=3
- 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
- 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
- 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;;
- 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;;
- 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;;
- 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
- 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
- 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
- 8: SQL NULL;
- 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
-
- ------------------
- TABLE LOCK table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock mode IX ## 在給主鍵行上加X鎖之前,先要在表上加意向鎖IX
- RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting
- Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0
- 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
- 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
- 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;;
- 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;;
- 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;;
- 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
- 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
- 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
- 8: SQL NULL;
- 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
-
- ---TRANSACTION 4615, ACTIVE 1579 sec, thread declared inside InnoDB 1222
- mysql tables in use 2, locked 0
- 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
- MySQL thread id 3, OS thread handle 0x7f813c659700, query id 147 localhost root Sending data
- select count(*) from t3 a,t3 b ## 這是線程3當前正在執(zhí)行的SQL
- Trx read view will not see trx with id >= 4662, sees < 4659
- TABLE LOCK table `test`.`emp` trx id 4615 lock mode IX ## 線程3中正在擁有表上的意向IX鎖,并且有test.emp表上主鍵的行級X鎖,page num=3
- RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4615 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap
- Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0
- 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
- 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
- 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;;
- 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;;
- 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;;
- 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
- 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
- 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
- 8: SQL NULL;
- 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
為什么線程3當前執(zhí)行的是一個select t3表操作,但卻鎖住了test.emp表上page num=3? 有可能是線程3之前對test.emp表的操作事務沒有及時提交導致。 所以得出:線程3阻塞了線程7,而線程7又阻塞了線程4,所以根因就是線程3,讓線程3盡快提交或是kill掉即可。
4. 結論在分析innodb中鎖阻塞時,幾種方法的對比情況:
(1)使用show processlist查看不靠譜; (2)直接使用show engine innodb status查看,無法判斷到問題的根因; (3)使用mysqladmin debug查看,能看到所有產生鎖的線程,但無法判斷哪個才是根因; (4)開啟innodb_lock_monitor后,再使用show engine innodb status查看,能夠找到鎖阻塞的根因。
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