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8/19/2016 芒果丸子 本文支持點(diǎn)詞翻譯 Powered by 滬江小D 朗讀：Grace This article focuses on 'Received Pronunciation' (RP), the stereotypical British accent mainly spoken in the south of England, and exaggerated by the upper classes, giving it the nickname 'the Queen's English'. 英語君想和大家分享的是英語的“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)音”（RP）——英式發(fā)音（下面簡稱“英音”）傳統(tǒng)的英音往往是英格蘭南部的上層階級特有，所以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語的別名是“女王英語”（因?yàn)榕跏怯蠈与A級的代表）。 There are greatly differing accents across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and for a more regional, it's best to choose one particular area, and try to learn that accent instead. Adopting British mannerisms while speaking will also help for authenticity. 英國是一個(gè)包括英格蘭、蘇格蘭、威爾士和北愛爾蘭四個(gè)地區(qū)的聯(lián)邦國家，四個(gè)地區(qū)都有自己的英語口音。所以，英國不同地方的口音往往是不同的。英國人經(jīng)常做的是：先選擇好自己居住的地方，然后再去學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)氐目谝?，正所謂入鄉(xiāng)隨俗嘛！ This study of RP is concerned largely with pronunciation, while study of the standard language is also concerned with matters such as correct grammar, more formal vocabulary. 所以，今天主要介紹英音發(fā)音的6大問題，同時(shí)也會(huì)科普一些語法和詞匯。  1.R's 有關(guān)R音的問題 Start with the Rs. Understand that in most British accents speakers don't roll their Rs (except for those from Scotland, Northumbria, Northern Ireland, and parts of Lancashire), but not all British accents are the same. 首先，從音標(biāo)中的【R音】開始。通常情況下，英國人說話時(shí)R音不卷舌，當(dāng)然也不是所有地區(qū)都不卷舌，蘇格蘭、諾森比亞、北愛爾蘭以及蘭開夏部分地區(qū)的人發(fā)R音是卷舌的。 For example, a Scottish accent varies greatly from an English accent. After a vowel, don't pronounce the R, but draw out the vowel and maybe add an 'uh' (Here is 'heeuh'). In words like 'hurry', don't blend the R with the vowel. Say 'huh-ree'. 比如一個(gè)蘇格蘭人的口音可以讓你聽不出來他是英國人。因?yàn)樗麄冊谝粋€(gè)元音后是不發(fā)R音的，但是會(huì)加一個(gè)“呃”（比如“here”會(huì)發(fā)成“hee呃”）。還比如說，“Hurry”要讀成“Huh-ree”。 Some awkward pauses in sentences are also removed by the addition of 'r' before a vowel. For example, 'I saw it' becomes 'I saw-rit', to avoid the pause between the words 'saw' and 'it'. Another example is 'Bacteria are small', pronounced 'Bacteria-rar-small'. 在一些句子中，R音經(jīng)常被加在元音前面，這樣能避免句子里兩個(gè)單詞之間尷尬的停頓。例如，“I saw it”變成了“I saw-rit”。這句話中，R音被加在“it”之前，避免了“saw”和“it”之間有停頓。再比如，“Bacteria are small”，應(yīng)該說成“Bacteria-rar-small”。  2.U's 有關(guān)U音的問題 Pronounce U in stupid and in duty with the ew or 'you' sound. Duty would be pronounced 'dewty' or more often 'jooty'. In the standard English accent, the A (for example, in 'father') is pronounced at the back of the mouth with an open throat—it sounds like 'arh'. 第二點(diǎn)，在“stupid”或“duty”等單詞中，發(fā)U這個(gè)音的時(shí)候，要發(fā)成“ew”（美音中的發(fā)音）或者“you”（英音中的發(fā)音）。而“duty”需要發(fā)成“dewty”或者“jooty”。在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的英式發(fā)音中，像在“father”中的A音，應(yīng)該喉嚨微張，用靠近喉嚨的部分發(fā)音——聽起來應(yīng)該像“arh”。 This is the case in pretty much all British accents, but it's exaggerated in RP. In southern England and in RP, words such as 'bath', 'path', 'glass', 'grass' also use this vowel (barth, parth, glarss, grarss, etc.). However, in other parts of Britain 'bath', 'path', etc. sound like 'ah'. 在大部分英語口音中，A音發(fā)成“arh”音這個(gè)情況都存在著，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語尤其明顯。在英國西部的口音以及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語的口音中，像'bath', 'path', 'glass', 'grass'一些詞也有這個(gè)情況，即應(yīng)該讀成”barth”, “parth”, “glarss”, “grarss”。但也有發(fā)“ah”音的，讀起來是“bath”，“path”，“glass”，“grass”。  3.Heavy consonants 重讀輔音 Enunciate on heavy consonant words. Pronounce that T in 'duty' as T: not as the American D as doody so that duty is pronounced dewty or a softer jooty. 在讀輔音的時(shí)候要加重語氣！“duty”中發(fā)T音的時(shí)候，不要像美音中，把duty讀成Doody，這樣的發(fā)音太重了。在英音中，duty應(yīng)該發(fā)成稍微輕柔一些，讀成“dewty”或“jooty”。 The words 'human being' are pronounced 'hewman being' or 'yooman been' in certain areas, though it could be pronounced 'hewman bee-in'. 雖然“Human being”應(yīng)該讀成“hewman bee-in”，在有些地區(qū)也被讀成“hweman being”或“yooman been”。  4.T's 有關(guān)T音的問題 Sometimes drop the Ts. With some accents, including cockney accents, Ts aren't pronounced in words where Americans use D to replace it. However, there is usually a short pause or 'hiccup' in its place. 有時(shí)候你也可以不發(fā)T音。在一些英音中，甚至包括倫敦腔，T音在一個(gè)單詞中都是不發(fā)音的。而在美音中通常會(huì)用D音替換掉T音。不過，當(dāng)你不發(fā)T音的話，記得在T音那個(gè)位置稍稍停頓一下。  5.Pronunciation 語音 （1）Observe that some words are pronounced as written. 注意觀察：有些詞可以按照拼寫方式來讀。如，“herb”這個(gè)單詞應(yīng)該和“H”的發(fā)音相近。 （2）Observe that H is not always pronounced. 注意：H音有時(shí)不發(fā)音！ （3）Say 'bean', not 'bin' for the word been.In an American accent, this is often pronounced 'bin'. In an English accent, 'bean' is a common pronunciation, but 'bin' is more often heard in casual speech where the word isn't particularly stressed. Been應(yīng)該發(fā)成“bean”而不是“bin”。在美音中，been經(jīng)常發(fā)成“bin”，而在英音中，“bean”是最常用的發(fā)音。只有在日常輕松交流的場合下，不需要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)been的時(shí)候才會(huì)讀“bin”。 （4）Notice that two or more vowels together may prompt an extra syllable. For example, the word 'road' would usually be pronounced rohd, but in Wales and with some people in Northern Ireland it might be pronounced ro.ord. 注意一下：如果有兩個(gè)及以上的元音在一起時(shí)，這幾個(gè)原因?qū)?huì)產(chǎn)生另外一個(gè)音節(jié)。例如，road這個(gè)單詞經(jīng)常被讀成“rohd”，但在威爾士和北愛爾蘭的發(fā)音則是“ro.ord”。  6.Listening and copying 邊聽邊模仿 （1）Listen to the 'music' of the language. All accents and dialects have their own musicality. Pay attention to the tones and emphasis of British speakers. 聽一些英國人唱的英語歌曲！所有口音和方言都有自己的音樂。在聽歌時(shí)，注意演唱者的聲調(diào)和發(fā)音重點(diǎn)。 （2）Get a British person to say well known sentences: 'How now brown cow' and 'The rain in Spain stays mainly on the plain' and pay close attention. 讓英國人說一些地道的繞口令。像'How now brown cow' 以及 'The rain in Spain stays mainly on the plain' 。并關(guān)注他的語音語調(diào)。 Tips：
①'How now brown cow' 和'The rain in Spain stays mainly on the plain' ，這兩句都是很出名的繞口令。其中，'The rain in Spain stays mainly on the plain'出自奧黛麗赫本演的《窈窕淑女》，這句話是赫本在片中練習(xí)的一句繞口令,意思是“西班牙的降雨大多降落在平原”。 （3）Immerse yourself in the British culture; this means surround yourself with individuals that speak, live, walk and talk British English.Anything with a British speaker will work—try listening to the BBC (which provides free radio and television newscasts on the web) songs with British singers, or movies with British characters. 平時(shí)，盡可能多地沉浸在英國文化中。也就是說，盡可能多地和英國人接觸。任何和英國人有關(guān)的東西都會(huì)有所幫助，例如：聽BBC（它在網(wǎng)上也提供免費(fèi)的音頻節(jié)目和視頻新聞報(bào)道），聽英國歌手演唱的歌，或者是看具有英國特色的電影。
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