Project Management is known to be one among the most vital processes for designing and developments of any project; therefore the selection of a project management tool sometimes is critical. It completely depends on your needs whether you wish to opt for any online solution or the desktop one.

Project management is a process by which the project are planned, defined, monitored, controlled as well as delivered so that the agreed advantages are recognized. Projects are transient, unique endeavours undertaken to attain a desired result. Projects bring about changes and project management is known as the professional way of managing this kind of change.

項目管理對一個項目的設(shè)計和開發(fā)起著至關(guān)重要的作用；因此選擇一個項目管理工具有時候是非常講究的。它完全取決于你的需求，你是需要任何時候都可以提供在線方案，或只是一個本地應(yīng)用。

項目管理是管理該項目計劃，定義，監(jiān)控，控制以及交付的過程，因此它的優(yōu)勢是大家公認的。項目是即時的，唯一的，是極力的去完成某一既定目標的。項目管理是為不斷變化的項目提供專業(yè)的管理。

It includes techniques along with tools utilized to describe, manage & deliver series of activities using given deliverables, budgets & timeframes. You need to use the tool which is providing sufficient functionalities to cater all your requirements of project management.

With rising demands of project management within all areas and the software industry in specific, need for better and free project management tools in order to manage software efficiently is also rising. An effective and good project management must be robust and fast and must contain features such as:

• Scheduling
• Costs Control
• Resource Allocation
• Budget Management
• Documentation
• Collaboration
• Communication

In this article, we’ll specifically discuss best 10 free project management tools that can help you in your project management:

它不僅包含技術(shù)還有工具的使用來描述，管理，發(fā)布一系列活動成果，預(yù)算及時限。你需要的工具是一個能滿足你所有關(guān)于項目管理的需求。

隨著不同地域的軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)提出越來越多的明確需求，需要一個更好的免費的項目管理工具來管理越來越高效的軟件。一個高效的好的項目管理必須是健壯的快速的且必須包含以下幾個特點：

• 項目時間點安排
• 成本控制
• 資源分配
• 預(yù)算管理
• 文檔管理
• 通力協(xié)作
• 溝通交流

在這篇文章里，我們將特別討論10個最佳的免費項目管理工具，這將會對你的項目管理有所幫助。

OpenProj

It is a free and open source desktop substitute to Microsoft Project. OpenProj solution is perfect for desktop project’s management and it is available on Unix, Linux, Windows or Mac. It’s a total desktop replacement of the Microsoft Project and opens even present native Project files. It shares the most superior scheduling engine in industry with the Projects on Demand. This solution has Earned Value costing, Network Diagrams (the PERT Charts), Gantt Charts, RBS and WBS charts, and a lot more.

GanttProject

This is one among the easiest to use, Gantt chart based project’s scheduling and management free project management tools. Major features contain Task dependencies and hierarchy, Gantt chart, Generation of PERT charts, Resource load chart, HTML and PDF reports, MS Project export/import as well as WebDAV based groups work management.

DotProject

It is an online, multi-language, multi-user Project Management solution. It’s open-source free software for all uses and it is maintained by open community of the volunteer programmers. Its key features consist of:

• Tasks and Projects
• Companies, Contacts and Departments
• Resource Allocation
• To Do lists
• Forums
• Calendar
• Gantt Charts
• Reporting

OpenProj

這是一款免費并且開源的桌面應(yīng)用用于替代到微軟的項目中。OpenProj為桌面應(yīng)用項目的管理人員提供了完美的解決方案，并且它在Unix，Linux，Windows甚至是Mac上都是相當可靠的。他是所有微軟項目桌面應(yīng)用的替代品，甚至可以打開本地的項目文件。它分享了業(yè)界許多基于項目需求的高質(zhì)量的時間調(diào)度引擎。該方案具有成本核算，網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖（PERT圖），Gantt圖表，RBS、WBS報表，等等。

GanttProject

這是一款非常容易上手使用的，基于Gantt圖表的項目時間調(diào)度和管理的免費工具。主要功能包括任務(wù)的分配和層級的劃分，Gantt圖表，生成PERT圖表，資源負荷圖表，HTML和PDF報告，MS項目的導(dǎo)出/導(dǎo)入，還有基于WebDAV的工作組管理。

DotProject

這是一款支持在線，多語言，多用戶的項目管理解決方案。它是開源免費的，并且有開源社區(qū)的志愿者們在不斷的維護更新。它主要的特點如下：

• 任務(wù)和項目管理
• 公司，聯(lián)系人和部門管理
• 資源分配
• 待辦事項
• 論壇功能
• 日歷功能
• 橫道圖功能
• 報告功能

TaskJuggler

It is one of the most powerful and modern; Open Source free project management tools. Its new ways for planning and tracking projects is more superior and flexible to the commonly utilized Gantt chart editing tool. It already has been successfully utilized in lots of projects as well as scales simply to projects with lots of resources and tasks. This is project management solution for the serious project managers. This covers the complete range of the project management tasks starting from the very first idea to completion of project. It helps you during the project scoping, revenue and cost planning, resource assignment, communication and risk management.

TaskJuggler offers an optimizing scheduler which computes your project’s time lines and resources assignments based on project outline and constraints which you have provided. Built-in consistency checker and resource balancer offload you from needing to worry about inappropriate details and ring an alarm if project goes out of your hands. The flexible “as much details as required”-approach lets you to plan your project, making it also perfect for fresh management strategies like Agile Project Management and Extreme Programming.

TaskJuggler

這是一款功能非常強大的現(xiàn)代化的，開源免費的項目管理工具。它采用了全新的方式來規(guī)劃和跟蹤項目，它是一個更好、更靈活地編輯一貫使用的橫道圖的工具。它總是被成功地應(yīng)用在許多項目中，其中也包括一些有許多資源和任務(wù)比例的小項目。這成為了高級項目經(jīng)理的解決方案。這涵蓋了完整的項目管理開始從最初的想法到完成項目任務(wù)的整個過程。它在項目范圍內(nèi)的收支計劃、資源調(diào)配、溝通交流和風險管理給你提供幫助。

TaskJuggler可以提供最優(yōu)的時間調(diào)度，計算出你項目的時間線，資源分配，基于你給出的項目大綱和一些限制條件。內(nèi)置的一致性檢查和資源平衡卸載使你不需要擔心不恰當?shù)募毠?jié)和警告，如果項目順利進展，你可以騰出手來。靈活的"根據(jù)實際的需要"的方法，提供盡可能多的細節(jié)讓你規(guī)劃你的項目，它也非常適合新穎的管理策略，例如輕量級的項目管理和極限情況下的規(guī)劃。

PHProjekt

This also is an open source free modular application for coordination of group activity and to share document and information via the internet. Components of PHProjekt consist of Group Calendar, Time Card System, Project Management, File Management, Mail Client, Contact Manager, and much more.

ConsultComm

This is a lightweight, small, platform-independent program which is written in Java which allows anybody managing multiple projects, tasks or clients to effectively keep a track of how long they’ve exactly worked on every project. Key features consist of:

• Easily integrated in existing billing system or time management; JDBC support is also included so that you instantly can upload your projects and times into most ODBC and JDBC compliant databases
• Released as an open source, so that you don’t need to worry about customization or vendor lock-in problems.
• Platform-independent, so that you can unify your Windows, OS X, Solaris and Linux workstations with single application
• Extensible quickly by utilizing plugins which are created using standard JavaBeans frameworks. Users and the other developers easily can create their plugins to add custom functionality quickly to ConsultComm
• Customizable to fit your personal style preferences uniquely

PHProjekt

這也是一款開源免費的模塊化應(yīng)用，用于協(xié)調(diào)工作組的活動，通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)分享文檔好信息。構(gòu)成PHP項目的是組員日程，時間片系統(tǒng)，項目管理，文件管理，郵件客戶端，與管理者接觸，當然還有很多就不一一列舉了。

ConsultComm

這是一款輕量級的，小型化的，獨立的開發(fā)平臺使用java語言編寫的，可以讓任何人同時管理多個項目，任務(wù)，客戶，可以高效地跟蹤在每個項目上花費的確切時間。關(guān)鍵特征包含如下：

• 輕松集成在現(xiàn)有的計費系統(tǒng)或時間管理，還包括JDBC支持，瞬間讓你可以上傳你的項目和所需的時間到大多數(shù)ODBC和JDBC兼容數(shù)據(jù)庫。
• 作為一個開源免費的項目，讓你不必擔心專用化或供應(yīng)商鎖定問題。
• 跨平臺，這樣你就能聯(lián)合你的Windows，OS X，Solaris和Linux工作站去處理同一個應(yīng)用。
• 可以利用標準的JavaBean框架創(chuàng)建的組件迅速拓展功能，用戶和其他的開發(fā)人員可以很輕松地創(chuàng)建他們自己的插件，快速的添加自定義功能。
• 定制適合你的獨特的風格偏好。
  

ProjectPier

This is also one among the self-hosted PHP, Open-Source free project management tools for managing tasks, teams and projects through an instinctive web interface. It will help your company communicate, work together and get the things done. Actually its function is same as commercial project management products, however allows the scalability and freedom of self-hosting.

OpenGoo

It’s a complete web-based solution focused on enhancing productivity, collaboration, management and communication of your teams. The key features consist of:

• Manage tasks, contacts, documents,  calendar, e-mail
• Manage project progress, bill your customers, and track time.
• Access information from elegant and single dashboard.
• Communicate with vendors, clients and co-workers.

ProjectPier

這也是一款自己管理PHP的，開源免費的項目管理工具，用于管理任務(wù)，團隊和項目，通過自帶的Web接口。這將有助于您的公司溝通，攜手共進，完成既定的任務(wù)。事實上它的功能類似于其他的商業(yè)項目管理產(chǎn)品，不同點是可拓展性和允許自托管。

OpenGoo

它是一個完整的基于Web的解決方案，致力于提升您的團隊的生產(chǎn)力，協(xié)作，管理和溝通。主要功能包括：

    管理任務(wù)，聯(lián)系人，文檔，日歷，電子郵件。
    管理項目的進展情況，為你的客戶制定賬單，并跟蹤時間段。
    訪問優(yōu)雅和簡潔的儀表板的信息。
    與供應(yīng)商，客戶和同事溝通。

Collabtive

It is another modern Web application which allows teams to work together on projects, manage files, milestones, and tasks, and send immediate message to each other. It’s Multi-language capable, supports more than even 20 languages. It integrates with the other web services via XML API. It provides importing functionality also for data from the other applications.

Redmine

This is an open source, flexible project management web solution. Written utilizing Ruby on the Rails framework, it’s cross-database and cross-platform. The key features include:

• Flexible based access control
• Multiple projects support
• Flexible issues tracking system
• Gantt chart
• News, files & documents management
• Email & Feeds notifications
• Time tracking
• Per project forums
• Per project wiki
• Custom fields for time-entries, issues, users and projects
• SCM integration (CVS, SVN,Git, Mercurial, Darcs and Bazaar)
• Multiple LDAP verification support
• Multilanguage support
• Issue creation using email
• Users self-registration support
• Multiple databases support

Collabtive

這是另一種現(xiàn)代化風格的Web應(yīng)用程序，它使得項目團隊共同努力，管理文件、項目節(jié)點和任務(wù)，并發(fā)送即時消息給對方。它支持多語言，甚至超過20種語言。它使用XML API集成了其他的Web服務(wù)。它提供的導(dǎo)入功能也可以從其他應(yīng)用程序?qū)霐?shù)據(jù)。

Redmine

這是一個開源的，靈活的項目管理的在線解決方案。使用的Ruby on Rails框架寫的，它是跨數(shù)據(jù)庫和跨平臺。主要功能包括：

    基于靈活的訪問控制
    多個項目支持
    靈活的問題跟蹤系統(tǒng)
    橫道圖
    新聞，文件和文件管理
    電子郵件及通知
    實時跟蹤
    每個項目溝通討論
    每項目維基（允許用戶添加或修改）
    自定義字段條目時，問題，用戶和項目
    SCM集成（CVS，SVN，GIT，Mercurial，Darcs和Bazaar）
    支持多個LDAP驗證
    多語言支持
    使用電子郵件發(fā)布創(chuàng)建
    用戶自注冊支持
    多數(shù)據(jù)庫支持