http://blog.csdn.net/bo5509/article/details/8438766

2012

 1.確認(rèn)oracle實(shí)例名,如orcl
  2.創(chuàng)建相關(guān)的目錄，在$ORACLE_BASE/oradata
   主要有 $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/adump
    $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/bdump
    $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/cdump
    $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/pfile
    $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/udump
          創(chuàng)建閃存目錄
    $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/flash_recovery_area
 mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/adump

  3.創(chuàng)建初始化文件
  　在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目錄下
 
  　命名方法
  　init實(shí)例名.ora 本例中initorcl.ora
    cp init.ora initorcl.ora 即可以生成
 vi initorcl.ora 進(jìn)行編輯
 db_name='實(shí)例名' 本例中orcl，必須填寫(xiě)
 給出各個(gè)文件位置
   內(nèi)容如下:
 db_name='orcl'  #必須給出的名字
 memory_target=1G
 processes = 150
 audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata/admin/orcl/adump' #必須給出的名字
 audit_trail ='db'
 db_block_size=8192
 db_domain=''
 db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata/flash_recovery_area' #必須給出的名字
 db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
 diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle' #必須給出的名字
 dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcl)'
 open_cursors=300
 remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
 undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
 # You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical
 # devices
 control_files = (orcl_control1, orcl_control2)
 compatible ='11.2.0'

   4 設(shè)置ORACLE_SID變量
 修改.bash_profile
 export ORACLE_SID=orcl
 
   5. 建立創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)腳本　createdb.sql
 create database orcl ==數(shù)據(jù)SID名稱(chēng)
 MAXINSTANCES 1
 MAXLOGHISTORY 1
 MAXLOGFILES 5
 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
 MAXDATAFILES 100
 DATAFILE  
 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited
 sysaux datafile
 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/syaux01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited
 default temporary tablespace TEMP tempfile
 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse autoextend on next 64k maxsize unlimited
 undo tablespace UNDOTBS1 datafile
 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undo01.dbf' size 20m reuse autoextend on next 5m maxsize unlimited
 logfile
 GROUP 1 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.dbf') size 10m,
 GROUP 2 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.dbf') size 10m,
 GROUP 3 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.dbf') size 10m
 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK ==字符集
 NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

   6 .sqlplus "/as sysdba"
    startup nomount;  
    執(zhí)行創(chuàng)建createdb.sql
 @?$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/createdb.sql
   7.創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)字典
 @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;
 @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;
 切換用戶system/manager
 執(zhí)行 本人沒(méi)有執(zhí)行此腳本,
 @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;
   8.安裝全文檢索
     用sys以sysdba身份登錄
  創(chuàng)建全文檢索表空間
  create tablespace ctxsys logging datafile='/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/ctxsys01.dbf' size 200m autoextend on maxsize unlimited;
  執(zhí)行腳本
  @?/ctx/admin/catctx.sql ctxsys ctxsys temp nolock;  --參數(shù)說(shuō)明 密碼,表空間 臨時(shí)表空間 用戶狀態(tài)
  connect ctxsys/ctxsys;
  @?/ctx/admin/defaults/drdefus.sql
  
   9.配置監(jiān)聽(tīng)
     $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
  vi listener.ora
  SID_LIST_orcl=
  (SID_DESC=
  (SID_NAME=orcl)
  (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
      )
   )
 orcl=
  (DESCRIPTIONI_LIST=
  (DESCRIPTION=
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)
  (HOST=192.168.56.100)(PORT=1521)
  )
  )
   10 配置tnsnames.ora
   
    orcl=
  (
  DESCRIPTION=
  (ADDRESS_LIST=
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.56.100)(PORT=1521)))
  (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=orcl)
  )
  )
 11 手工啟停
  啟動(dòng)監(jiān)聽(tīng):lsnrctl start
  停止監(jiān)聽(tīng):lsnrctl stop
     啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
     sqlplus "/as sysdba"
     startup 
    
     關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
     sqlplus "/as sysdba"
     shutdown