 “疑問詞 + ever”在各版本的中學(xué)英語教材中出現(xiàn)頻率較高，而且是學(xué)生理解和掌握的一個難點。在此簡單明了地歸納講解這一問題。 1. “疑問代詞 + ever”可引導(dǎo)兩種類型的從句： ①讓步狀語從句，②名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句)。 ?、僖龑?dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 （whatever / whoever / whichever ＝ no matter + what / who / which） Whatever happened， he wouldn't say a word. = No matter what happened， he wouldn't say a word. Whoever says so， it is wrong. = No matter who says so， it is wrong. Whichever dictionary you (may) take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. = No matter which dictionary you (may) take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. 注意：這類從句中應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，從句中也常用情態(tài)動詞 may / might . ②引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。 Whoever smokes here will be punished. (主語從句) Beggars will eat whatever they are given. (賓語從句) Whichever he likes will be given to him. (主語從句) You may invite whoever / whomever you like. (常用 whoever 代替 whomever) ?。╳hoever ＝anyone who， whatever＝anything that） 2.“疑問副詞 +ever ”： wherever / whenever / however 一般只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，它們分別等于“ no matter + where / when / how ”。 Wherever he goes (may go). I'll follow him. = No matter where he goes (may go)，I'll follow him. Whenever I wisited him， he was always busy working. = No matter when I visited him， he was always busy working. However late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. = No matter how late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. 注意：當(dāng) however 用作連接副詞時也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，而 whenever/ wherever 則不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。例如： I'll give you however much money you need. (賓語從句，此時 however 不能改成 no matter how )。 3.whatever / whichever / whoever / whenever / wherever / however 分別可相當(dāng)于 what / which / who / when / where / how 的強(qiáng)調(diào)式，引起的特殊疑問句往往是簡單句，與原疑問詞的意思、用法完全相同，只是表達(dá)的語氣更為強(qiáng)烈，翻譯時可加上“到底；究竟”等。例如： What(ever) are you doing ？ 你(到底)在干什么？ Which(ever) do you want to buy ？ 你(究竟)要買哪一個？ Who(ever) told you such a foolish story？ (究竟)是誰講給你這么蠢的事？ When(ever) can I enjoy a long vacation？ (究竟)什么時候才能給我放個長假呢？ Where(ever) did you leave your dictionary？ 你(究竟)把詞典放哪兒了？ How(ever) did you collect so much money？ 你(到底)是怎樣籌到這么多錢的？ |
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