五年級上冊英語語法匯總----121學(xué)習(xí)吧 1、be動詞:am、is、are。am用于I,are用于you,we,they和名詞復(fù)數(shù);is用于he,she,it 和名詞單數(shù)(統(tǒng)稱為'三單',即第三人稱單數(shù))。 2、助動詞,主要分為do和does。do用于主語為'非三單'(I,you,復(fù)數(shù)); does用于主語為' 三單'(he,she,it,名詞單數(shù))助動詞用于“否定句和疑問句”,后面一律加“動詞原形”。 例:(1)I like apples. 否定句: I don't like apples. 一般疑問句:Do you like apples?肯定回答: Yes,I do. 否定回答: No, I don`t. (2)He reads books on Sundays. 否定句:He doesn't read books on Sundays. 一般疑問句:Does he read books on Sundays? 肯定回答:Yes,he does. 否定回答:No,he doesn't. 3、主語為'非三單'時,動詞用原形;主語為'三單'時,動詞后面加-s或-es。 4、名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化的規(guī)律 (1) 以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的單詞,加-es。如bus-buses,box-boxes,dish-dishes,watch-watches (2)以o結(jié)尾,有的單詞加-es,如tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes 有的單詞加-s,如piano-pianos,photo-photos (3)以輔音字母 y結(jié)尾的單詞,把y改成i,再加es,如story-stories,baby-babies (4)單詞以f或fe結(jié)尾的,把f或fe改成ves。如,knife-knives,leaf-leaves (5)一般情況直接加-s,如 boy-boys,girl-girls,apple-apples 不規(guī)則變化 (1) 字母a或o變成e,如man-men,woman-women,tooth-teeth,goose-geese (2) 單復(fù)數(shù)同形:sheep,deer,fish,Chinese ,people (3) 其他:child-children,mouse-mice 5、many 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),much 不可數(shù)名詞 some、any后面既可以加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),也可以加不可數(shù)名詞 some用于肯定句和表示請求及建議的一般疑問句(Would you like/ Can(May/Could) I ...?) 例如:(1)I'd like some apples. (2) There is some water in the glass. (3) Would you like some tea? May I have some noodles? any用于否定句和疑問句 例如:(1)I don’t have any notebooks. (2)I don’t have any soup for lunch. (3)Do you have any sisters? Is there any Coke? 6、形容詞前面必須用be動詞。 1/2頁 例:He is my music teacher. Lucy is polite. 7、情態(tài)動詞:can,could,may,would,should,have to,has to,后面必須加動詞原形。 例如: I can swim. I have to eat vegetables. 祈使句用動詞原形。表示請求、命令等句子叫祈使句。它的主語是聽話人(you),一般不需要說出來。通常以動詞原形開頭。 如:Let's go to school. Open the door,please. 8、冠詞 a 、an、the 不定冠詞(a、an),表示泛指,a 輔音,如 a young man, a university student an 元音,如 an e-mail, an active girl,an interesting book 定冠詞(the),表示特指、世界上獨一無二的東西,如the sun,the Great Wall(注:there be不與the連接) 9、時間介詞 in,on,at in 一段時間:年份;季節(jié);月份;上午、下午、晚上 on 具體時間:X月X日;星期幾;節(jié)假日 at 時間點:at noon,at night,幾點鐘(at 7 o’clock;at 7:30) 10、 play 體育項目,如play football,play chess,play sports,play basketball play the 樂器,如play the piano,play the pipa,play the violin 11、 問人的外貌、個性特征以及物體的外觀句式: What be動詞 主語 like? 12、 問星期幾 What day is it today/tomorrow? 13、 問你午餐吃了什么?(已吃) What do you have for lunch? 問你午餐想吃什么?(未吃) What would you like for lunch? 問午餐有什么吃? (未吃) What’s for lunch? 14、 It’s time for 名詞,如 It’s time for music class. It’s time to 動詞,如 It’s time to go to school. 15、 16、 The first day of a week is Sunday. like 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞,如 I like Mondays. / I like beef. like 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(動詞的ing形式),如 I like reading. like to 動詞原形,如 I like to read a book. |
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