spend,cost,take和pay的區(qū)別是歷年中、高考試題的必考內(nèi)容之一,雖然它們都可以表示“花費(fèi)”,但用法卻不盡相同. spend的主語必須是人, 常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢).例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí).(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)做某事.例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間.(3)spend money for sth. 花錢買…….例:His money was spent for books. 他的錢用來買書了. cost的主語是物或某種活動(dòng), 還可以表示“值”, 常見用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金錢,某物花了(某人)多少錢.例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢.(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +時(shí)間,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少時(shí)間.例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞. 注意:cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動(dòng)句. take后面常跟雙賓語, 常見用法有以下幾種:(1) It takes sb. +時(shí)間+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間.例:It took them three years to build this road. 他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路.(2)doing sth. takes sb. +時(shí)間,做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間.例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修車. pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢(給某人)買…….例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每個(gè)月要付20英磅的房租.(2)pay for sth. 付……的錢.例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不賠丟失的書款.(3)pay for sb. 替某人付錢.例:Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you. 別擔(dān)心, 我會(huì)給你付錢的.(4)pay sb. 付錢給某人. 例: They pay us every month.他們每月給我們報(bào)酬.(5)pay money back 還錢.例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借給我12塊錢嗎?下周還你.(6)pay off one's money還清錢. spend/cost/pay/take (1)spend的主語通常是人,往往用于以下句型: (sb)spend some money/some time on sth. (sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.例如: I spent fifty yuan on the coat. = I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元買了這件大衣. He spent three days on the work. = He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干這項(xiàng)工作用了3天. (2)take常用于“占用、花費(fèi)”時(shí)間,其主語通常為形式主語“it”或物.句式是: It takes/took sb.some time to do sth=Sth.takes sb.some time. 例如: It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. 畫這些漂亮的馬花費(fèi)了我3年時(shí)間. The work will take me two days.這項(xiàng)工作花了2天時(shí)間. (3) pay為“付款、賠償”之意,主語通常是人,往往是sb. pays some money for sth或pay sb.(some money for sth) 例如: I paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元買了這件大衣. He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine? 他買藥已付醫(yī)生50英鎊. How much did you pay him? 你付他多少錢? (4) cost的主語必須是某物.spend … on sth./in doing sth.的主語必須是人.pay … for 的主語也是人.It takes + sb.+ 時(shí)間(或錢)to do sth.的主語則必須是形式主語It. 動(dòng)詞cost的常用用法是sth.cost (sb.) some money.引子他人回答啊! |
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