一.Gallery的簡(jiǎn)介
Gallery(畫廊)是一個(gè)鎖定中心條目并且擁有水平滾動(dòng)列表的視圖,一般用來瀏覽圖片,并且可以響應(yīng)事件顯示信息。Gallery還可以和ImageSwitcher組件結(jié)合使用來實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)通過縮略圖來瀏覽圖片的效果。
Gallery常用的XML屬性
屬性名稱
|
描述
|
android:animationDuration
|
設(shè)置布局變化時(shí)動(dòng)畫的轉(zhuǎn)換所需的時(shí)間(毫秒級(jí))。僅在動(dòng)畫開始時(shí)計(jì)時(shí)。該值必須是整數(shù),比如:100。
|
android:gravity
|
指定在對(duì)象的X和Y軸上如何放置內(nèi)容。指定一下常量中的一個(gè)或多個(gè)(使用 “|”分割)
Constant
|
Value
|
Description
|
top
|
0x30
|
緊靠容器頂端,不改變其大小
|
bottom
|
0x50
|
緊靠容器底部,不改變其大小
|
left
|
0x03
|
緊靠容器左側(cè),不改變其大小
|
right
|
0x05
|
緊靠容器右側(cè),不改變其大小
|
center_vertical
|
0x10
|
垂直居中,不改變其大小
|
fill_vertical
|
0x70
|
垂直方向上拉伸至充滿容器
|
center_horizontal
|
0x01
|
水平居中,不改變其大小
|
Fill_horizontal
|
0x07
|
水平方向上拉伸使其充滿容器
|
center
|
0x11
|
居中對(duì)齊,不改變其大小
|
fill
|
0x77
|
在水平和垂直方向上拉伸,使其充滿容器
|
clip_vertical
|
0x80
|
垂直剪切(當(dāng)對(duì)象邊緣超出容器的時(shí)候,將上下邊緣超出的部分剪切掉)
|
clip_horizontal
|
0x08
|
水平剪切(當(dāng)對(duì)象邊緣超出容器的時(shí)候,將左右邊緣超出的部分剪切掉)
|
|
android:spacing
|
圖片之間的間距
|
android:unselectedAlpha
|
設(shè)置未選中的條目的透明度(Alpha)。該值必須是float類型,比如:“1.2”。
|
首先介紹Gallery單獨(dú)使用的例子:
MainActivity.java
- package com.android.gallerydemo;
-
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.AdapterView;
- import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
- import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
- import android.widget.Gallery;
- import android.widget.ImageView;
- import android.widget.Toast;
-
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
-
- private Gallery gallery;
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
-
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- gallery = (Gallery)findViewById(R.id.gallery);
- //設(shè)置圖片適配器
- gallery.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));
- //設(shè)置監(jiān)聽器
- gallery.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?>parent, View v, int position, long id) {
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "點(diǎn)擊了第"+(position+1)+"張圖片", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
- }
- });
- }
- }
-
- class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
- //聲明Context
- private Context context;
- //圖片源數(shù)組
- private Integer[] imageInteger={
- R.drawable.pic1,
- R.drawable.pic2,
- R.drawable.pic3,
- R.drawable.pic4,
- R.drawable.pic5,
- R.drawable.pic6,
- R.drawable.pic7
- };
-
- //聲明 ImageAdapter
- public ImageAdapter(Context c){
- context = c;
- }
-
- @Override
- //獲取圖片的個(gè)數(shù)
- public int getCount() {
- return imageInteger.length;
- }
-
- @Override
- //獲取圖片在庫中的位置
- public Object getItem(int position) {
-
- return position;
- }
-
- @Override
- //獲取圖片在庫中的位置
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- return position;
- }
-
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
-
- ImageView imageView = new ImageView(context);
- //給ImageView設(shè)置資源
- imageView.setImageResource(imageInteger[position]);
- //設(shè)置比例類型
- imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);
- //設(shè)置布局 圖片128x192顯示
- imageView.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(128, 192));
- return imageView;
- }
- }
-
-
main.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <Gallery xmlns:android="http://schemas./apk/res/android"
- android:id="@+id/gallery"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:gravity="center_vertical"
- android:background="?android:galleryItemBackground"
- />
-
效果圖:
Gallery和ImageSwitcher組件結(jié)合使用的例子:
MainActivity.java
- package com.android.gallerytest;
-
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.view.Window;
- import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
- import android.widget.AdapterView;
- import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
- import android.widget.Gallery;
- import android.widget.ImageSwitcher;
- import android.widget.ImageView;
- import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;
- import android.widget.Gallery.LayoutParams;
- import android.widget.ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory;
-
- public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemSelectedListener,
- ViewFactory {
-
- private ImageSwitcher mSwitcher;
- //大圖片對(duì)應(yīng)的縮略圖源數(shù)組
- private Integer[] mThumbIds = { R.drawable.sample_thumb_0,
- R.drawable.sample_thumb_1, R.drawable.sample_thumb_2,
- R.drawable.sample_thumb_3, R.drawable.sample_thumb_4,
- R.drawable.sample_thumb_5, R.drawable.sample_thumb_6,
- R.drawable.sample_thumb_7 };
- //大圖片源數(shù)組
- private Integer[] mImageIds = { R.drawable.sample_0, R.drawable.sample_1,
- R.drawable.sample_2, R.drawable.sample_3, R.drawable.sample_4,
- R.drawable.sample_5, R.drawable.sample_6, R.drawable.sample_7 };
-
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- //設(shè)置窗口無標(biāo)題
- requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- mSwitcher = (ImageSwitcher) findViewById(R.id.switcher);
- //注意在使用一個(gè)ImageSwitcher之前,
- //一定要調(diào)用setFactory方法,要不setImageResource這個(gè)方法會(huì)報(bào)空指針異常。
- mSwitcher.setFactory(this);
- //設(shè)置動(dòng)畫效果
- mSwitcher.setInAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,
- android.R.anim.fade_in));
- mSwitcher.setOutAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this,
- android.R.anim.fade_out));
-
- Gallery g = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery);
-
- //添加OnItemSelectedListener監(jiān)聽器
- g.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this));
- g.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);
-
- }
- //創(chuàng)建內(nèi)部類ImageAdapter
- public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
- public ImageAdapter(Context c) {
- mContext = c;
- }
- public int getCount() {
- return mThumbIds.length;
- }
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- ImageView i = new ImageView(mContext);
-
- i.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]);
- //設(shè)置邊界對(duì)齊
- i.setAdjustViewBounds(true);
- //設(shè)置布局參數(shù)
- i.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(
- LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
- //設(shè)置背景資源
- i.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.picture_frame);
- return i;
- }
- private Context mContext;
- }
-
- @Override
- //實(shí)現(xiàn)onItemSelected()方法,更換圖片
- public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> adapter, View v, int position,
- long id) {
- //設(shè)置圖片資源
- mSwitcher.setImageResource(mImageIds[position]);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {
-
- }
-
- @Override
- //實(shí)現(xiàn)makeView()方法,為ImageView設(shè)置布局格式
- public View makeView() {
- ImageView i = new ImageView(this);
- //設(shè)置背景顏色
- i.setBackgroundColor(0xFF000000);
- //設(shè)置比例類型
- i.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
- //設(shè)置布局參數(shù)
- i.setLayoutParams(new ImageSwitcher.LayoutParams(
- LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT));
- return i;
- }
- }
main.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas./apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- >
- <ImageSwitcher
- android:id="@+id/switcher"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
- android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
- />
- <Gallery
- android:id="@+id/gallery"
- android:background="#55000000"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="60dp"
- android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
- android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
- android:gravity="center_vertical"
- android:spacing="16dp"
- />
- </RelativeLayout>
-
效果圖:
二.GridView的簡(jiǎn)介
GridView(網(wǎng)格視圖)是按照行列的方式來顯示內(nèi)容的,一般用于顯示圖片,圖片等內(nèi)容,比如實(shí)現(xiàn)九宮格圖,用GridView是首選,也是最簡(jiǎn)單的。主要用于設(shè)置Adapter。
GridView常用的XML屬性:
屬性名稱
|
描述
|
android:columnWidth
|
設(shè)置列的寬度。
|
android:gravity
|
設(shè)置此組件中的內(nèi)容在組件中的位置。可選的值有:top、bottom、left、right、center_vertical、fill_vertical、center_horizontal、fill_horizontal、center、fill、clip_vertical 可以多選,用“|”分開。
|
android:horizontalSpacing
|
兩列之間的間距。
|
android:numColumns
|
設(shè)置列數(shù)。
|
android:stretchMode
|
縮放模式。
|
android:verticalSpacing
|
兩行之間的間距。
|
下面有三個(gè)例子,第一個(gè)是只顯示圖片的,第二個(gè)是顯示圖片文字的(這里的圖片是Android系統(tǒng)自帶的圖片),第三個(gè)是顯示自定義的圖片文字。前面兩個(gè)例子的實(shí)現(xiàn)都不是很難,第三個(gè)例子的實(shí)現(xiàn)有些復(fù)雜,學(xué)習(xí)GridView的時(shí)候,就想著能不能自定義自己喜歡的圖片加上文字,在網(wǎng)上找些資料,一般都是第二個(gè)例子的形式的,最后在視頻學(xué)習(xí)上找到了能實(shí)現(xiàn)自定義自己的圖片的例子。自己就照著例子去學(xué)習(xí),修改成了第三個(gè)例子。
第一個(gè)例子:
MainActivity.java
- package com.android.gridview.activity;
-
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.AdapterView;
- import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
- import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
- import android.widget.GridView;
- import android.widget.ImageView;
- import android.widget.Toast;
-
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- GridView gv = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.GridView1);
- //為GridView設(shè)置適配器
- gv.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this));
- //注冊(cè)監(jiān)聽事件
- gv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
- {
- public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id)
- {
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "pic" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- });
- }
- }
- //自定義適配器
- class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
- //上下文對(duì)象
- private Context context;
- //圖片數(shù)組
- private Integer[] imgs = {
- R.drawable.pic0, R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2,
- R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5,
- R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,
- R.drawable.pic0, R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2,
- R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5,
- R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,
- };
- MyAdapter(Context context){
- this.context = context;
- }
- public int getCount() {
- return imgs.length;
- }
-
- public Object getItem(int item) {
- return item;
- }
-
- public long getItemId(int id) {
- return id;
- }
-
- //創(chuàng)建View方法
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- ImageView imageView;
- if (convertView == null) {
- imageView = new ImageView(context);
- imageView.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(75, 75));//設(shè)置ImageView對(duì)象布局
- imageView.setAdjustViewBounds(false);//設(shè)置邊界對(duì)齊
- imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);//設(shè)置刻度的類型
- imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8);//設(shè)置間距
- }
- else {
- imageView = (ImageView) convertView;
- }
- imageView.setImageResource(imgs[position]);//為ImageView設(shè)置圖片資源
- return imageView;
- }
- }
-
-
-
main.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas./apk/res/android"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- >
- <GridView
- android:id="@+id/GridView1"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:columnWidth="90dp"
- android:numColumns="3"
- android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
- android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
- android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
- android:gravity="center"
- />
- </LinearLayout>
效果圖:
第二個(gè)例子:
MainActivity.java
- package com.android.gridview2.activity;
-
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.widget.GridView;
- import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
-
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
-
- private GridView gv;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.gridview);
-
- //準(zhǔn)備要添加的數(shù)據(jù)條目
- List<Map<String, Object>> items = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
- for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
- Map<String, Object> item = new HashMap<String, Object>();
- item.put("imageItem", R.drawable.icon);//添加圖像資源的ID
- item.put("textItem", "icon" + i);//按序號(hào)添加ItemText
- items.add(item);
- }
-
- //實(shí)例化一個(gè)適配器
- SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this,
- items,
- R.layout.grid_item,
- new String[]{"imageItem", "textItem"},
- new int[]{R.id.image_item, R.id.text_item});
-
- //獲得GridView實(shí)例
- gv = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.mygridview);
- //為GridView設(shè)置適配器
- gv.setAdapter(adapter);
-
- }
- }
gridview.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas./apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- >
- <GridView
- android:id="@+id/mygridview"
- android:numColumns="3"
- android:gravity="center_horizontal"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
- />
- </LinearLayout>
-
grid_item.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas./apk/res/android"
- android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout1"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:paddingBottom="6dip"
- >
- <ImageView
- android:id="@+id/image_item"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
- />
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/text_item"
- android:layout_below="@+id/image_item"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
- />
- </RelativeLayout>
-
效果圖:
第三個(gè)例子:
MainActivity.java
- package com.android.gridview3;
-
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.view.LayoutInflater;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.AdapterView;
- import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
- import android.widget.GridView;
- import android.widget.ImageView;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
-
- public class MainActivity extends Activity
- {
- private GridView gridView;
- //圖片的文字標(biāo)題
- private String[] titles = new String[]
- { "pic1", "pic2", "pic3", "pic4", "pic5", "pic6", "pic7", "pic8", "pic9"};
- //圖片ID數(shù)組
- private int[] images = new int[]{
- R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2, R.drawable.pic3,
- R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5, R.drawable.pic6,
- R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,R.drawable.pic9
- };
-
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridview);
- PictureAdapter adapter = new PictureAdapter(titles, images, this);
- gridView.setAdapter(adapter);
-
- gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
- {
- public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id)
- {
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "pic" + (position+1), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- });
- }
- }
- //自定義適配器
- class PictureAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
- private LayoutInflater inflater;
- private List<Picture> pictures;
-
- public PictureAdapter(String[] titles, int[] images, Context context)
- {
- super();
- pictures = new ArrayList<Picture>();
- inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
- for (int i = 0; i < images.length; i++)
- {
- Picture picture = new Picture(titles[i], images[i]);
- pictures.add(picture);
- }
- }
-
- @Override
- public int getCount()
- {
- if (null != pictures)
- {
- return pictures.size();
- } else
- {
- return 0;
- }
- }
-
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position)
- {
- return pictures.get(position);
- }
-
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position)
- {
- return position;
- }
-
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
- {
- ViewHolder viewHolder;
- if (convertView == null)
- {
- convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.picture_item, null);
- viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
- viewHolder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.title);
- viewHolder.image = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.image);
- convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
- } else
- {
- viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
- }
- viewHolder.title.setText(pictures.get(position).getTitle());
- viewHolder.image.setImageResource(pictures.get(position).getImageId());
- return convertView;
- }
-
- }
-
- class ViewHolder
- {
- public TextView title;
- public ImageView image;
- }
-
- class Picture
- {
- private String title;
- private int imageId;
-
- public Picture()
- {
- super();
- }
-
- public Picture(String title, int imageId)
- {
- super();
- this.title = title;
- this.imageId = imageId;
- }
-
- public String getTitle()
- {
- return title;
- }
-
- public void setTitle(String title)
- {
- this.title = title;
- }
-
- public int getImageId()
- {
- return imageId;
- }
-
- public void setImageId(int imageId)
- {
- this.imageId = imageId;
- }
- }
main.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <GridView xmlns:android="http://schemas./apk/res/android"
- android:id="@+id/gridview"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:columnWidth="90dp"
- android:numColumns="auto_fit"
- android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
- android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
- android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
- android:gravity="center"
- />
picture_item.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout
- xmlns:android="http://schemas./apk/res/android"
- android:id="@+id/root"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
- >
- <ImageView
- android:id="@+id/image"
- android:layout_width="100dp"
- android:layout_height="150dp"
- android:layout_gravity="center"
- android:scaleType="fitXY"
- android:padding="4dp"
- />
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/title"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_gravity="center"
- android:gravity="center_horizontal"
- />
- </LinearLayout>
效果圖:
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