作者：joy    資源來源：成長博客    點擊數(shù)：310747    更新時間：10/13/2009

There be句型的用法

一、構成：There be ...句型表示的是 “某處有(存在)某人或某物”，其結(jié)構為There be(is，are，was, were  )+名詞+地點狀語。例如：

There are fifty-two students in our class.

There is a pencil in my pencil-case.

There was an old house by the river five years ago.

二、各種句式：

否定句：There be句型否定句式的構成和含有be動詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”來表示。即：no + n.（名詞）= not a\an\any + n.（名詞）。注意：no + n.（可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）= not a\an + n.（可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）；no + n.（可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)）= not any + n.（可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)）；no + n.（不可數(shù)名詞）= not any + n.（不可數(shù)名詞）。例如：

There is an orange in her bag.

→There isn’t an orange in her bag.

→There is no orange in her bag.

There are some oranges in her bag.

→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.

→There are no oranges in her bag.

There is some juice in the bottle.

→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.

→There is no juice in the bottle.

  一般疑問句：There be結(jié)構的一般疑問句變化只需把be動詞移到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可。例如：
　　There is some money in her handbag.
　　→ Is there any money in her handbag? (疑問句和否定句中，some改為any, something改為anything.)

There is something new in today’s newspaper.

→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.

→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?

特殊疑問句：　　

There be句型的特殊疑問句有以下三種形式：

① 對主語提問：當主語是人時，用 “Who’s + 介詞短語?”；當主語是物時，用 “What’s + 介詞短語?”。其中there在口語中常常省略。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)，對其提問時一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時卻要根據(jù)實際情況來決定)。如：
    There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree?
    There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there?

There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?

② 對地點狀語提問：用 “Where is \ are + 主語?”表示（注意其答語變化）：例如：
   There is a computer in my office.

→ Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office.
   There are four children in the classroom.

→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom.
    ③ 對數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種提問方式：

如果主語是可數(shù)名詞，無論是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)，都用“How many +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語？”表示：

There are twelve months in a year.

→How many months are there in a year?

There is only one book in my bag.

→ How many books are there in your bag?

There is a cat in the box.

→ How many cats are there in the box?

如果主語是不可數(shù)名詞，則用“ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？”表示：

There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in         

your purse?

反意疑問句：There be或There加其它動詞，其反意疑問句一律用…there? 例如：

There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?

There used to be no school here, used there \did there?

三、注意事項：

1. There be句型中be動詞的形式要和其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。

如果句子的主語是單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞，或是不可數(shù)名詞，be動詞用“is”“was”。例如：
　　There is a basketball in the box.　

There is a little milk in the glass.　

如果句子的主語是復數(shù)名詞，be動詞就用“are” “were”。例如：
There are many birds in the tree.　

There were many people in the street yesterday.　

如果有兩個或兩個以上的名詞作主語，be動詞要和最靠近它的那個主語在數(shù)上保持一致，也就是我們常說的 “就近原則”。例如：
　　There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
　　There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.
    2.  There與be中間可插入一些表推測的情態(tài)動詞、表時態(tài)的短語和一些動詞短語 (如和將來時be going to\ will、現(xiàn)在完成時  have\has + pp. 、used to結(jié)構等連用，注意其構成形式,這一內(nèi)容在我們?nèi)粘＞毩曋薪?jīng)常出現(xiàn)錯誤,是一難點,也是歷年中考試題中的一個考點.)。例如：

There must be a pen in the box.

There happened to be some money in my pocket.

There is going to be a meeting tonight.

There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.

There used to be a church across from the bank.

    3. There be句型和have\has的區(qū)別：

There be句型表示 “存在有”, have\has表示 “擁有” “所有”,兩者不能同時使用.例如：

桌子上有三本書. There are three books on the desk.

我有三本書. I have three books.

    4. There be + 主語 + doing +介詞短語. 例如：

There is a truck collecting rubish outside.

There is a wallet lying on the ground.

四 、練習：Choose the best answers.

1.     There isn’t _____water in the glass. Let’s go and get some.

A. many      B. lots   C. any     D. some
2.   There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.
  A. was       B. had    C. is     D. were
3. There ____ many changes in the village recently.

  A. is       B. are    C. have been    D. to be

4. ---There _______a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some?

---Just a little, please.

A. is   B. are   C. am   D. be

5. There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.

  A. is   B. are   C. have   D. has

6. There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.

A. is   B. are   C. have   D. has

7. There is a boy _______at the door.

A. stand   B. standing    C. stood   D. is standing

8. ---_______is in the house?

--- There is an old women in the house.

A. What   B. Whose   C. Who   D.Which

 9. There used to be a tower here, _____?
   A. usedn’t it     B. used there   C. didn’t it    D. didn’t there
10. There ____a meeting tonight.  
  A. is going be    B. is going to have   C. is going to    D. is going to be
   Key  1-5   CACAB      6-10  ABCDD