2014全國高考英語匯編之動詞+動詞短語
一(2014安徽卷)26.Terry, please your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you. A. look up from B. look into C. look back on D. look through 【考點】考察動詞短語詞義辨析 【答案】A 【解析】動詞短語look up 查找,抬頭看;look into調(diào)查,研究;look back on回顧;回憶;look through仔細檢查;看穿;句義:Terry,當奶奶和你說話的時候,從手機上抬起頭來。(不總是低頭看手機,這是不禮貌的)根據(jù)句義說明A正確。 【舉一反三】Sam _____ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up 〖答案〗C 〖考點〗本題考查動詞短語意義辨析。 〖解析〗句意應為 “山姆只是憑借看別人操作電腦就學到了一些電腦知識。”表示 “學會”用pick up; pick up另外還有 “撿起; 順車接送,搭載;收拾, 整理;重新開始;獲得”等義;bring up 表示 “撫養(yǎng), 教育;提出;嘔吐”;look up 表示 “向上看;(形勢)好轉(zhuǎn), 改善;查閱”;set up表示 “建立, 設置;造成, 產(chǎn)生”。 二(2014安徽卷)28.When the sports hero at our party, he was welcomed with open arms. A. turned up B. left off C. moved on D. got away 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】A 【解析】動詞短語turn up出現(xiàn),調(diào)高;leave off停止;move on繼續(xù)前進;get away離開,脫身,逃掉;句義:當那位體育明星出現(xiàn)在大會上的時候,他受到無數(shù)人的歡迎。根據(jù)句義說明A正確。 【舉一反三】We have to the wheat as soon as possible because a storm is on the way. A.get away B.get across C.get through D.get in 〖答案〗D 〖考點〗考查動詞短語的用法區(qū)別。 〖解析〗句意為:暴風雨就要來了, 我們得盡快地把麥子收起來。get away離開;去度假;get across(to sb.)使(某事)傳播或為人理解;get through到達;與某人(通過電話)聯(lián)系;get through(to sth.)進入下一段比賽;get through(to sb.)與人溝通;get (sth.)in收集/收獲某物;設法做/說某事。 三(2014安徽卷)34.Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really the test of time. A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析 【答案】B 【解析】動詞fail失敗,未能做某事;stand站立,承受,經(jīng)歷,忍耐;D執(zhí)行;句義:莎士比亞的作品現(xiàn)在仍然很流行,它真地承受了時間的考驗了。根據(jù)句義可知本句中的stand表示承受。故B正確。 【舉一反三】Modern plastics can very high and very low temperatures. A.stand B.hold C.carry D.support 〖答案〗A 〖考點〗考查動詞意義。 〖解析〗句意為:現(xiàn)在的塑料能忍受高溫和低溫。故A項正確。 四(2014大綱卷)31. Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she _____ it with hard work. A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】C 【解析】動詞短語go back on背棄,違約;回到;take away from奪走,剝奪;make up for彌補…;補償…;catch up with追上,趕上;句義:Caroline沒有音樂天賦,但是他通過勤奮努力來彌補自己的不足。根據(jù)句義說明C項正確。 【舉一反三】The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to __________it, A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with 【答案】A 【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。 【解析】句意為“這所學校并不是我原來真正想去的,但我現(xiàn)在想盡量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用,盡量好好去做;get away from逃離;keep an eye on照看,,留心; 注意;catch up with追上,趕上。對照現(xiàn)在和過去對學校態(tài)度的變化,選A。 五(2014福建卷)25. It is widely acknowledged that students should be in terms of overall quality. A. supported B. matched C. evaluated D. controlled 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析 【答案】C 【解析】本題考察的是動詞詞義辨析。Support支持;match相配,比得上;evaluate評價,估價;control控制;句義:廣泛認為應該根據(jù)全面素質(zhì)來評價學生。根據(jù)句義可知C項符合上下文語境。 六(2014福建卷)33. As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself. A. catch sight of B. get hold of C. take charge of D. make mention of 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】B 【解析】本題考察的是動詞短語辨析。catch sight of看見,發(fā)現(xiàn);get hold of得到,掌握;take charge of負責;make mention of提到,談到;句義:作為一名草根歌手,她閱讀她能夠得到的與音樂有關的一切,抓住每一個機會來提高自己的能力。根據(jù)句義說明B正確。 七(2014湖北卷)23. Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but ______ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow. A. slipped B. skied C. signalled D. sank 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析以及上下文理解 【答案】A 【解析】本題考察的動詞詞義辨析。A滑倒;溜…;B滑雪,滑冰;C發(fā)信號;用動作示意;D沉沒;下沉;句意:看見一大群人朝他跑了過來,他開始朝山下跑去,但是滑倒了,然后就在融化的雪里手和膝蓋著地滾了下去。根據(jù)后面半句中的went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow可知他是從山上滾了下去,也就是說他要先滑倒在地。故A正確。 【試題延伸】本題考察的都是以字母s開頭的動詞詞義辨析,首先可以從句意著手,看懂句意是解答此類題目的關鍵,其次四個選項的意思也要了如指掌。這對于平時學生的學習仔細度提出了要求。 八(2014湖北卷)24. The old rules have to be ______ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago. A. developed B. established C. observed D. revised 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析及上下文串聯(lián) 【答案】D 【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析develop發(fā)展,establish建立,成立;observe觀察,慶祝,遵守;revise修訂,修正;句意:這些就的規(guī)則不得不被修訂了,因為他們只適用于100年前這些規(guī)則被制定的時候所存在的情況。根據(jù)句意可知這些規(guī)則是很久之前就制定的,所以已經(jīng)不適應現(xiàn)在的情況了,所以需要修改。故D正確。 【舉一反三】Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still the traditional customs. A.perform B.possess C.observe D.support 〖答案〗C 〖考點〗考查動詞意義。 〖解析〗observe在此句中意為 “遵守, 奉行(法律、協(xié)議或習俗等)”。句意為:盡管在國外居住了這么多年, 許多中國人仍然遵循著傳統(tǒng)的風俗習慣。 九(2014湖北卷)25. I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can’t seem to ______. A. get through B. get off C. get in D. get along 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析和上下文語境串聯(lián) 【答案】A 【解析】本題考察動詞get短語辨析。A完成;接通電話;度過;B出發(fā);離開;C收割;插話;D相處,進展;句意:我一整個晚上都在打Charles的電話,但是網(wǎng)絡出了問題,我似乎無法接通他的電話。根據(jù)there must be something wrong with the network可知電話網(wǎng)絡出了問題,我無法接通他的電話。故A正確。 【試題延伸】詞短語是高考??純?nèi)容??梢园凑找韵路椒▽W習:1.在每個部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短語,并根據(jù)該短語助記總體意思;2.熟記動詞本身所具有的全部意思;3.重點根據(jù)小品詞在該項中的總體意思結(jié)合動詞本身的意思,理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短語4.脫離漢語,只看英語動詞短語,并放到具體句子和場景中認識動詞短語 【舉一反三】I don’t think Mr. Tyler's lecture________the student,for they appeared quite puzzled. A. got across to B. got through C. turned to D. caught up with 【答案】A 【解析】考查動詞短語的含義。此處get across to 被理解; get through通過,完成;turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向,向。。。求助;catch up with趕上。句意:我認為泰勒先生的演講不被學生理解,因為他們表現(xiàn)很迷惑。 十(2014湖北卷)26. Is this your necklace, Mary? I ______ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning. A. came across B. dealt with C. looked after D. went for 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析及上下文串聯(lián) 【答案】A 【解析】本題考察動詞come的短語辨析。A遇見,發(fā)現(xiàn);B處理,對付(與how連用);C照顧,照料;D喜歡,適用于;句意:Mary,這是你的項鏈嗎?今天早上我清理浴室的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)了它。根據(jù)句意說明我是在清理浴室的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個項鏈的。故A正確。 【試題延伸】動詞短語是高考必考題,在平時的學習中要把同種類型的短語放在一起比較,如同一個動詞+不同的介詞/副詞;同一個介詞/副詞+不同的動詞。諸如此類的固定短語,屬于最基本的知識,如果學生有錯誤,則應該加強背誦并平時多解題,進而加以鞏固. 【舉一反三】During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to ______ bread for days. A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with 〖答案〗C 〖考點〗動詞短語。 〖解析〗根據(jù)上句During the war there was a serious lack of food可推測出 “即或是富裕家庭也得幾天吃不上面包”, 應選擇do without表示 “不用/吃……勉強度過”。eat up “吃完”, give away “收拾”, deal with “應付, 處理”。 十一(2014江蘇卷)25. Top graduates from universities are by major companies. A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensated 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析 【答案】A 【解析】本題考察的是動詞詞義辨析。Chase追求,追逐;register登記,注冊;offer提供;compensate補償,賠償;句意:來自大學里的優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生收到大公司的追逐。本句表示大公司愿意接受大學的優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生。根據(jù)句意說明A正確。 十二(2014江蘇卷)30.—Dad, I don't think Oliver the right sort of person for the job. —I see. I'll go right away and . A. pay him back B. pay him off C. put him away D. put him off 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】B 【解析】本題考察的是動詞pay及put的短語辨析。Pay back償還;報復;報答;償付;pay off付清;(付清工資后)解雇;(努力)得到回報;put away收拾,整理,放在一邊,不管不顧;put off推遲;句意:—爸爸,我認為Oliver并不是這份工作的合適人選。—我明白的,我馬上就去付清他的工資,解雇他。根據(jù)句意本句中的pay off表示(付清工資后)解雇。故B正確。 【舉一反三】28. The athlete's years of hard training when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up 【答案】C 【考點】考點本題考查動詞詞組。 【解析】pay off 有很多含義:1 付清某人的工資并解雇他 償清欠款等等 2. 對某人或某事進行報復 3.使人得益,有報償 4.賄賂 十三(2014江蘇卷)33. Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to the soul of Qu Yuan. A. remember B. remind C. recover D. recall 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析 【答案】D 【解析】本題考察的是以字母r開始的動詞詞義辨析。Remember記得;remind提醒,使…想起…;recover康復;recall回憶;句意:相傳端午節(jié)是為了讓我們想起屈原的精神。B項應該使用remind sb of sth使某人想起某事。根據(jù)句意說明D正確。 十四(2014江西卷)27. Anyway , we’re here now ,so let’s ___some serious work. A. come up with B. get down to C. do away with D. live up to 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】B 【解析】本題考察的是動詞短語辨析。A想出,提出;B開始認真做某事,著手做某事;do away with廢除,消滅;live up to符合,不辜負;句義:不關怎么樣,我們現(xiàn)在這里了,讓我們開始認真工作吧!B項get down to中的to是介詞,后面要接名詞或者動名詞做賓語。故B正確。 【舉一反三】I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean. A. come up with B.put up with C. turn to D.stick to 【答案】B 【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。 【解析】句意為“房子里東西凌亂我能忍,但是臟我討厭。”come up with想出, 提出;put up with 忍受, 容忍;turn to轉(zhuǎn)向,翻書到,求助于,(使)變成;stick to堅持,緊跟,粘住,忠于。不整潔的;凌亂的 十五(2014江西卷)29. I don’t believe what you said , but if you can prove it , you may be able to __me . A. convince B. inform C. guarantee D. refuse 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析 【答案】A 【解析】本題考察的是動詞詞義辨析。Convince使…相信,使…信服;inform通知;guarantee保證,擔保;refuse拒絕;句義:我不相信你說的話,但是如果你能證明你所說的額,也許你就能夠讓我相信了。根據(jù)上下文可知A項符合句義。 十六(2014陜西卷)18. Ralph W. Emerson would always ______ new ideas that occurred to him. A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】D 【解析】本題考察的是動詞set的短語辨析。A出發(fā),開始;點燃;B著手,開始(后面接動名詞doing);C建立,成立,設立;D寫下,記下;句義:Ralph W. Emerson過去常常會記下他突然想起的新的主意。根據(jù)句義說明本句中使用set down表示寫下,記下。故D正確。 【舉一反三】Armed with the information you have gathered, you can_______ preparing your business plan. A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up 【考點】動詞詞組詞義辨析 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)句意:有這么些個你所收集的信息,你可以著手(set about doing sth)準備你的商業(yè)計劃了。Set out to do sth著手;set off出發(fā);set up建立,均不符合語境,故排除 十七(2014天津卷)9. My parents always _______ great importance to my getting a good education. A. have B. attach C. accept D. pay 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析和固定搭配 【答案】B 【解析】本題考察的是動詞固定搭配。Have擁有;attach使…附著;accept接受;pay付錢;B項構(gòu)成固定搭配attach sth to sth把…依附到…之上; attach importance to重視…;句義:我的父母親很重視讓我得到良好的教育。根據(jù)句義說明B正確。 十八(2014天津卷)13. The two countries are going to meet to _______ some barriers to trade between them. A. make up B. use up C. turn down D. break down 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】D 【解析】動詞短語make up化妝,編造,彌補,組成;use up用完,耗盡;turn down拒絕,調(diào)低;break down機器出故障;身體垮掉;分解;劃分(以便分析);句義:這兩個國家將要會談來分解他們之間的貿(mào)易障礙。根據(jù)句義說明D項正確。 【舉一反三】——You look upset. What’s the matter? —— I had my proposal _______ again. A.turned over B.turned on C.turned off D.turned down 【答案】D 【考點】考查短語動詞的辨析。 【解析】句意為“——你看上去不高興,怎么啦?——我的建議又遭到拒絕了。”turn over翻身,翻轉(zhuǎn),把……移交;turn on打開(水、電視、收音機、燈、煤氣等),(使)感興趣; (使)興奮;turn off關掉(電器、水龍頭等),使厭煩;turn down關?。ㄒ袅康龋?,拒絕。根據(jù)句意選D 十九(2014浙江卷 )7. Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried to _______ the pain, believing that it would go away sooner or later. A. share B. realize C. ignore D. cause 【考點】考察動詞詞義辨析 【答案】C 【解析】本題中的動詞share分享,共同擁有;realize意識到,實現(xiàn);ignore忽視,不理睬;cause導致;句意:上個星期一個網(wǎng)球擊中了我的頭部,但是我努力不理睬疼痛,認為它遲早會不疼了的。根據(jù)連詞but說明前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關系,故使用C項與上下文語境一致。 二十(2014浙江卷 )9. No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can _____ when the unexpected will happen. A. prove B. imply C. demand D. predict 【考點】考察動詞詞義 辨析 【答案】D 【解析】動詞prove證明,結(jié)果是…;imply涉及…;demand要求,命令;predict預測;預見;句意:無論你多么詳細地計劃你的經(jīng)濟,沒有人能夠預測那些無法預料的事情何時回發(fā)生。根據(jù)but說明上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關系,雖然你做了詳細的計劃,但是意料之外的事情是無法預料的。根據(jù)句意說明D正確。 二十一(2014浙江卷 )19. How could you ______ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months. A. turn off B. turn in C. turn down D. turn to 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】C 【解析】本題考察的是動詞turn的短語辨析。Turn off關閉;turn in上交;turn down拒絕,調(diào)低;turn to求助,轉(zhuǎn)向;句意:你已經(jīng)失業(yè)了好幾個月了,你怎么能夠拒絕如此好的一份工作呢?根據(jù)句意可知C項符合上下文含義。故C正確。 【舉一反三】It is bad manners to ________an invitation without a reason. A. break down B. settle down C. turn down D. calm down 【答案】C 【解析】 試題分析:考查短語動詞詞義辨識。題意:無故拒絕邀請是不禮貌的。break down:(機械)拋錨;(人的精神)垮掉;settle down:定居;turn down:拒絕;calm down:冷靜下來。故C項正確。 二十二(2014重慶卷 )7. She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ___ the road. A.on B. along C.from D. off 【考點】考察動詞短語辨析 【答案】D 【解析】本題考察的是動詞go加上不同的介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的動詞短語的意義辨析。短語go on進行;go along進行,進展,沿著….;go off停止運轉(zhuǎn),突然大作(鈴聲);句意:在拐彎處他開得如此之快,以至于他的汽車幾乎在路上停了下來(由于甩尾)。根據(jù)句意可知D項符合上下文。 【試題延伸】動詞短語是高考必考題,在平時的學習中要把同種類型的短語放在一起比較,如同一個動詞+不同的介詞/副詞;同一個介詞/副詞+不同的動詞。諸如此類的固定短語,屬于最基本的知識,如果學生有錯誤,則應該加強背誦并平時多解題,進而加以鞏固. 【舉一反三】 a moment and I will go to your rescue. A.Go on B.Hold on C.Move on D.Carry on 〖答案〗B 〖考點〗考查動詞短語辨析。 〖解析〗go on繼續(xù);hold on抓住不放;堅持;move on 繼續(xù)前進;carry on繼續(xù)進行。根據(jù)后句的I will go to your rescue可知, 這里應是 “堅持住;別松手”。
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