虛擬語(yǔ)氣(一)

1. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法
    與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：（從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be用were而不用was)
                                 （主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）  should/ would  /could/ might+動(dòng)詞原形
   與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反：（從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞） had + 過(guò)去分詞
                  （主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞） should/ would/could/might + have+過(guò)去分詞
   與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反：（從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）1.should+動(dòng)詞原形 2.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 3.were to+動(dòng)詞原形            （主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞） should/ would/ could/ might +動(dòng)詞原形

2. Wish 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
    與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 ： 過(guò)去時(shí)（were）
    與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反  ： had+過(guò)去分詞
    與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反  ：      would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形
   eg.     I wish I were a bird.
               I wish he hadn‘t done that. (do)
               I wish I would be rich in the future.
3. 表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
    Keys：1). insist      2). order, command 
                  3). advise, suggest, and propose 4). demand, require, request, desire
          這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should + 動(dòng)詞原形,
       或者省略should.直接家原形
    eg.     The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
                 He insisted that we (should) tell him the news.
                                                                       虛擬語(yǔ)氣(二)
      the Subjunctive mood （假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣）
1.    表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
     在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有內(nèi)涵的 名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同 位語(yǔ)從句中，要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用：should＋原形動(dòng)詞。另外連接從句的that不能省略。
eg.    My suggestion is that we should go there at once.
           What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?
2、   It’s necessary/strange/natural/ important/pity/no wonder/impossible + that Clause 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬, 即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形
      eg.  It is strange that he (should) say so.   他居然會(huì)這樣說(shuō)，真是奇怪。
          It is a great pity that you (should) think so.  他居然會(huì)這樣想，真是一件憾事。
          It is natural that a bird (should) rest in trees. 鳥(niǎo)在樹(shù)上安歇是很自然的。
3、   在It is/was suggested /ordered / demanded / proposed / etc. 結(jié)構(gòu)中要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣  
     eg.      It‘s requested that we （should） keep the stability of the society for the people’s
               peaceful life.
                   It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.
                   It is ordered that all the troops (should) withdraw three miles away. 根據(jù)命令，所有
          部隊(duì)撤至三英哩以外。
        It is arranged that he leave for Canada on Friday. 照安排，他星期五動(dòng)身去加拿大。
          It is suggested that the English evening be held on Saturday.
4.      would rather 后的賓語(yǔ)從句。
    eg.   I would rather you could teach me again.
              The manager would rather that his secretary went to the meeting instead of him .經(jīng)理
       寧愿他的秘書(shū)代替他去開(kāi)會(huì)。

5.       as if， as though引導(dǎo)的從句。
       以as if 、as though（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式狀語(yǔ)從，如果表示真實(shí)情況應(yīng)該用直陳語(yǔ)
     氣；如果表示非真實(shí)情況則應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬式與wish后面賓語(yǔ)從句中謂
     語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬式相同。
        eg.    The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.
6.    由if only （要是……，那該多好?。。┮龑?dǎo)的驚嘆句。如：
    If only I had passed the test ！
比較if only與only if：
       only if表示"只有"；if only則表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陳述語(yǔ)氣。          eg.        I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有鬧鐘響了，我才會(huì)醒。
       If only the alarm clock had rung.　　　當(dāng)時(shí)鬧鐘響了，就好了。
       If only he comes early.　　　　　　　但愿他早點(diǎn)回來(lái)。
7.   It is (high) time that
          It is (high) time that 后面的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式或用should加動(dòng)詞原形，但should不可省略。
     eg.  It is time that the children went to bed.
                 It is high time that the children should go to bed.
                 It is high time that we had our lunch. 該是我們吃午飯的時(shí)候了。
          It is time that he made up his mind. 該是他作出決定的時(shí)候了。