在論述上，敘述略顯羅嗦。第二段心理描寫(xiě)過(guò)多，雖然流暢生動(dòng)，但卻使這篇考場(chǎng)作文超過(guò)了規(guī)定字?jǐn)?shù)，反而成為失分點(diǎn)，這一點(diǎn)要引以為戒。

【高分版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
As we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.

The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite. Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.

So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and perseverance. Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself.
【文章點(diǎn)評(píng)】
本次四級(jí)作文探討的話題是成功與毅力之間的關(guān)系，話題不算新，一般考生對(duì)此都比較熟悉，所以對(duì)考生來(lái)說(shuō)難度不大。寫(xiě)好這篇作文，需要抓住兩點(diǎn)，一是緊跟題目要求，即對(duì)上述幽默性的話語(yǔ)做出評(píng)論，二是在評(píng)論的基礎(chǔ)上要亮出自己的觀點(diǎn)。

范文開(kāi)頭第一句即一針見(jiàn)血地對(duì)上述幽默性話語(yǔ)做出總結(jié)性概括，即戒煙看似簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)則很難，隨后指出該話語(yǔ)本質(zhì)上是一個(gè)悖論，并且以一個(gè)“水滴石穿”的俗語(yǔ)來(lái)指出困難所在，這句也是本文的一個(gè)亮點(diǎn)，體現(xiàn)作者在西方俗語(yǔ)方面豐富的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備。

第二段作者則進(jìn)一步深入分析該話語(yǔ)，指出做某事在短期看來(lái)很容易，長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看，恰恰相反，人們做事的結(jié)果也因此總是失敗，原因則在最后一句點(diǎn)出：缺乏毅力。

第三段作者進(jìn)一步給出了自己的觀點(diǎn)，告訴大家如何避免陷入這種兩難境地：首要條件即需要堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志和長(zhǎng)期的堅(jiān)持。最后再以艾默生的一句名言 “沒(méi)人能夠騙你遠(yuǎn)離你最終的成功，除非你自己承認(rèn)失敗”來(lái)總結(jié)全文，切中主題，鏗鏘有力。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.
A) sticks to them in their daily life
B) makes them known to others
C) understands their true values
D)sees that others also follow them
【答案】A) sticks to them in their daily life
【解析】第一題的答案就在全文第一句。關(guān)鍵詞是not only…. But also…. ，關(guān)鍵句是The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. 這里的live up to 和 選項(xiàng)里的 stick to 屬于同義替換。

2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?
A) It helps to create team spirit
B) It facilitates communication
C) It is the basis of mutual trust
D) It inspires mutual respect
【答案】C) It is the basis of mutual trust
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞是personal and professional，關(guān)鍵句是Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.
結(jié)合緊接著的問(wèn)句，我們很容易鎖定trust這個(gè)選項(xiàng)。

3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？
A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.
C. so that we don’t break any rules.
D. so that we don’t run into trouble.
【答案】A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞是identify the risks，關(guān)鍵句是Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. 所以答案很明顯是A。

4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?
A. it has caused no harm.
B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
C. it has gone unnoticed.
D. it is committed with good intentions.
【答案】B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞是misconduct，關(guān)鍵句是But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. 和原文意義高度一致的，就是這個(gè)unintentional。因此答案是：B. it is claimed to be unintentional.

5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?
A. Avoid making excuses.
B. Listen to other people’s advice.
C. Make his intensions public.
D. Have others watch over his shoulder.
【答案】A. Avoid making excuses.
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞是fool oneself，關(guān)鍵句是To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test這里的watch out for 和 選項(xiàng)里的avoid屬于同義替換。所以答案是A。

6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.
A. will often become more cautious
B. are usually very aggressive
C. value immediate benefits most.
D. may lose everything in the end
【答案】C. value immediate benefits most.
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞是regret later，關(guān)鍵句是Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me")。很明顯，選項(xiàng) value immediate benefits most 是正確答案。這里的value 和 focus on 屬于同義替換。

7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.
A) pay more dearly
B) become more confident
C) be widely admired
D) feel somewhat lucky
【答案】A) pay more dearly
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞是get caught，關(guān)鍵句是Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. 這里的higher price 和選項(xiàng)里的more dearly 屬于同義替換。所以答案是A。
8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to steal a grade.
【答案】steal a grade
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：care about
關(guān)鍵句：I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others."

9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and good faith.
【答案】honesty and good faith
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞是rely on，關(guān)鍵句是We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day.

10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal.
【答案】the Watergate scandal
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞是political and economic leaders，關(guān)鍵句是Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole.

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A

11.
W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?
M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
【答案】B) Go and ask the staff.
【解析】這是一道事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從對(duì)話中可知，女士搞不清楚列車時(shí)刻表，男士建議她去售票窗口咨詢。ticket window售票窗口。

12.
W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?
W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.
Q: What does the man mean?
【答案】A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.
【解析】這是道推理判斷題，考查男士的言下之意以及虛擬語(yǔ)氣。could have done意為本可以做某事，但未做。從對(duì)話中可知，男士確實(shí)回家看了電視節(jié)目，但是他說(shuō)道：I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing. 我真希望自己當(dāng)時(shí)能再晚點(diǎn)睡著，這樣我就可以看完整場(chǎng)節(jié)目了。說(shuō)明他沒(méi)有看完整場(chǎng)節(jié)目就睡著了。

13.
W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.
M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.
Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
【答案】B) She is worried about missing her flight.
【解析】這是道場(chǎng)景題，略有難度。剛開(kāi)始，我們還無(wú)法很快判斷出該對(duì)話發(fā)生的場(chǎng)景，很多同學(xué)一聽(tīng)到airport可能會(huì)誤以為對(duì)話發(fā)生在機(jī)場(chǎng)，但如果我們繼續(xù)聽(tīng)下去，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，該對(duì)話應(yīng)該發(fā)生在出租車上，因?yàn)榕空f(shuō)了句“請(qǐng)選擇最快的路”，而男士說(shuō)“因?yàn)橛星蛸?，所以到處都交通擁堵”可以幫助我們?cè)俅未_認(rèn)對(duì)話發(fā)生的場(chǎng)景。選項(xiàng)A不對(duì)，原文是說(shuō)要挑the fastest way哪怕不是the most direct way；選項(xiàng)C也不準(zhǔn)確，才剛上車，并沒(méi)有擁堵，司機(jī)只是提前說(shuō)明因?yàn)榍蛸悤?huì)碰到擁堵；選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，女士是為了趕去乘飛機(jī)的，而不是去看球賽。

14.
W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.
M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?
【答案】A) At a restaurant
【解析】這是道場(chǎng)景題，較為簡(jiǎn)單。從對(duì)話中可知，女士希望向男士推薦一道菜，從首句中即可推斷出該對(duì)話最有可能發(fā)生在餐館中，男士說(shuō)，他過(guò)敏，不吃貝殼類海鮮，可以幫助我們?cè)俅未_認(rèn)對(duì)話發(fā)生的場(chǎng)景。

15.
W: Now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?
M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.
Q: What do we learn about the man?
【答案】A) He is being interviewed for a job.
【解析】這是較為簡(jiǎn)單的細(xì)節(jié)推理題。 從position, company這幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞中，我們就可以快速判斷出此題的場(chǎng)景為面試，因此男士應(yīng)該正在接受一場(chǎng)面試。 C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，他想要銷售經(jīng)理的職位，但并不表示他本身就是銷售經(jīng)理。

16.
M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.
W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.
Q: What does the woman imply?
【答案】B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.
【解析】這是推理判斷題，詢問(wèn)女士的言下之意。最后一句，女士表示“你改變主意的話，我不會(huì)覺(jué)得奇怪”，可知，男士不太可能搬出宿舍。A選項(xiàng)是個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)，雖然該選項(xiàng)看上去意思和B選項(xiàng)差不多，但對(duì)話中并沒(méi)有提到男士想找一個(gè)更安靜的地方，他想搬離寢室，是為了更多的個(gè)人空間。

17.
M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.
W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
【答案】D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.
【解析】這是推理判斷題。從對(duì)話中可知，男士希望女士縮小主題的范圍，女士回答“你是對(duì)的?！闭f(shuō)明女士會(huì)采納男士的建議，縮小主題。

18.
W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?
M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.
Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?
【答案】B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.
【解析】這是推理判斷題。beat一詞是個(gè)難點(diǎn)，beat本意有“打敗”的意思，這次的野餐打敗了上次，即這次比上次好，下文中，男士說(shuō)“上次我們不得不呆在室內(nèi)，但這次天氣不錯(cuò)。”可以再次確認(rèn)他們不喜歡上次的野餐，因此，正確答案為B。

Conversation One

【聽(tīng)力原文】
M: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.
W: The seasons?
M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?
W: So what is it like?
M: Well, it is cold, very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.
W: And what about the darkness?
M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. It’s still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.
W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.
M: Yeah, that’s right, but it’s wonderful. You want to stay up all night, and the Sweden’s made most of it. Often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.
【聽(tīng)力材料評(píng)析】這篇長(zhǎng)對(duì)話是圍繞瑞典的天氣展開(kāi)，主要談到瑞典冬天的極寒和夏天的極晝天氣。文章一開(kāi)頭即說(shuō)到人們喜歡詢問(wèn)瑞典的季節(jié)情況。接下來(lái)對(duì)具體情況進(jìn)行了描述，包括：極寒天氣下的氣溫、室外和室內(nèi)溫度狀況，另外，就瑞典室溫與英國(guó)室溫進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，再次強(qiáng)調(diào)證明瑞典室溫很高；而極晝天氣則談的是瑞典人的工作時(shí)間和工作習(xí)慣，另外，就瑞典人工作時(shí)認(rèn)真忙、能玩時(shí)拼命玩的習(xí)慣和英國(guó)人工作勤奮、工作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。
這篇對(duì)話考查細(xì)節(jié)信息抓取能力。整體難度不大，并且以男士提供的信息為主。但許多考生可能因?yàn)閷?duì)瑞典（Sweden）和與瑞典相關(guān)的一系列名詞不熟悉而糾結(jié)，因此忽略了真正需要聽(tīng)清的其實(shí)并不太難的關(guān)鍵信息。這就提醒大家在做題時(shí)，切勿因?yàn)閭€(gè)別詞語(yǔ)不熟悉，而慌張。

19.
A）He likes Sweden better than England.
B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.
C）He is an English living in Sweden.
D）He visits London nearly every winter.
19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?
【答案】B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.
【解析】本題為推斷題。根據(jù)文章大意可推斷得出。整篇文章中，分別有兩處暗示信息，一處是男士說(shuō)，“Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.”，瑞典人在冬天去拜訪英格蘭時(shí)，會(huì)抱怨英格蘭室溫太冷。另一處是男士在談到冬天天氣時(shí)，說(shuō)道：“It is sometimes a bit depressing.”長(zhǎng)時(shí)間寒冷的天氣令人沮喪。因此可推斷得出，男士更喜歡hot weather，熱天氣。所以，答案為：He prefers hot weather to cold weather.

20.
A）The bad weather
B）The cold houses.
C）The gloomy winter.
D）The long night.
20. What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?
【答案】B）The cold houses.
【解析】對(duì)話中，當(dāng)男士介紹瑞典的極寒天氣時(shí)，談到只要穿暖，出門(mén)很暖，而室內(nèi)更暖和，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)這一觀點(diǎn)，男士繼續(xù)說(shuō)道：“Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.”說(shuō)是瑞典人在冬天去拜訪英格蘭時(shí)，會(huì)抱怨英格蘭室溫太冷。所以，答案為：The cold houses.

21.
A）Delightful.
B）Painful.
C）Depressing.
D）Refreshing.
21. How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?
【答案】C）Depressing.
【解析】女士問(wèn)：“And what about the darkness?”男士答道：“around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring.”臨近圣誕節(jié)的時(shí)候，每天僅有一小時(shí)為白天，所以人們都非常向往春天，希望春天快點(diǎn)到來(lái)。然后，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)性地評(píng)論道：“It is sometimes a bit depressing.”有時(shí)候真有點(diǎn)令人沮喪。因此，本題答案為：Depressing.

22.
A）They often stay up late reading.
B)They work hard and play hard.
C) They like to go camping in summer.
D) They try to earn more and spend more.
22. What does the man say about the Swedish people?
【答案】B）They work hard and play hard.
【解析】男士在談到瑞典的極晝天氣時(shí)，著重談了瑞典人在極晝天氣的工作情況，并進(jìn)一步對(duì)瑞典人的工作習(xí)慣進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。男士說(shuō)道：“They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too.”瑞典人既能在工作時(shí)努力工作，又能在能玩時(shí)拼命玩。所以，本題答案為：They work hard and play hard.

Conversation Two

【聽(tīng)力原文】
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
W: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?
M: That’s a very good question. I don’t think there is any, specifically.
W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background?
M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.
W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.
M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.
W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.
M: Quite.
W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?
M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful.
W: Yes, indeed. Let’s see. Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?
M: Yes, from the Woolen District.
【聽(tīng)力材料評(píng)析】這篇長(zhǎng)對(duì)話圍繞男士的教育背景和職業(yè)發(fā)展展開(kāi)。按順序分別談到男士從諾丁漢大學(xué)法語(yǔ)專業(yè)，畢業(yè)之后去了中學(xué)和政府工作，然后又進(jìn)入了大學(xué)管理層。這期間，他并沒(méi)有刻意做過(guò)任何的職業(yè)發(fā)展計(jì)劃，也沒(méi)有接受過(guò)專門(mén)的相關(guān)職業(yè)培訓(xùn)，主要是因?yàn)樵谒淖x書(shū)時(shí)代，并沒(méi)有可攻讀的管理學(xué)學(xué)位。對(duì)話最后談到了男士去諾丁漢大學(xué)讀書(shū)的原因是被其校園的優(yōu)美風(fēng)景所吸引。
這篇對(duì)話有一定難度。特別是關(guān)于男士職業(yè)的說(shuō)法，考生未必熟悉。但考生不必緊張，因?yàn)橹饕募?xì)節(jié)考查中，專業(yè)是法語(yǔ)、因?yàn)榄h(huán)境優(yōu)雅所以選擇諾丁漢大學(xué)這兩題都不難聽(tīng)出。


23. A）Management.
B）French
C）English literature
D）Public Administration
23. What was the man’s major at university?
【答案】B）French.
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。在第二輪對(duì)話中，女士問(wèn)，“what was your educational background?”你是什么教育背景，男士回答說(shuō)：“I did a degree in French at Nottingham.” 我在諾丁漢大學(xué)攻讀了法語(yǔ)學(xué)位，所以男士的專業(yè)是French。

24. A）English teaching.
B）Staff training.
C）Careers guidance.
D）Psychological counseling
24. What was the man’s job in secondary schools?
【答案】C）careers guidance.
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。在說(shuō)完“I did a degree in French at Nottingham.”之后，男士又接著說(shuō)“After that, I did careers guidance in secondary schools.”因此，此題的答案應(yīng)為：careers guidance。

25. A）Its pleasant environment.
B）Its worldwide fame.
C）Its generous scholarship.
D）Its well-designed courses.
25. What attracted the man to Nottingham University?
【答案】B）Its pleasant environment.
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士問(wèn)：“Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?”你去諾丁漢大學(xué)是出于什么原因？男士在回答中說(shuō)到，諾丁漢是我心中理想大學(xué)之一。緊接著他就說(shuō)道：“And I like the look of it.”還進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明道：“ The campus is just beautiful. ”因此，男士是因被其優(yōu)雅環(huán)境所吸引而選擇去諾丁漢大學(xué)。所以，本題的答案為：Its pleasant environment.

Section B

Passage One

While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form? Were they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, Many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.
【聽(tīng)力點(diǎn)睛】本文主要介紹不同文化中都是如何表示尊重的，以及如何利用這點(diǎn)來(lái)避免跨文化交流中的誤會(huì)產(chǎn)生。一開(kāi)始先用一位美國(guó)藝術(shù)家Gail Obcamp做演講的故事來(lái)舉例子，引出對(duì)閉上眼睛這樣一種動(dòng)作不同的理解；繼而發(fā)表了作者的看法：在和不同文化的人交流的時(shí)候，如果你懂得其他文化中是如何表達(dá)尊重的，可以避免誤會(huì)；接著又是例子，是關(guān)于北美洲聾啞人是如何用動(dòng)作來(lái)交流的。還有一些國(guó)家，對(duì)同樣的手勢(shì)會(huì)有截然不同的理解，進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了作者的觀點(diǎn)。
做這篇題目的重點(diǎn)在于能夠迅速拎出來(lái)作者的觀點(diǎn)。

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. What did Obcamp’s speech focus on?
A) Characteristics of Japanese artists
B) Some features of Japanese culture
C) The art of Japanese brush painting
D) The uniqueness of Japanese art
【答案】C) The art of Japanese brush painting

27. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?
A) To calm themselves down
B) To enhance concentration
C) To show their impatience
D) To signal their lack of interest
【答案】B) To enhance concentration.

28. What does the speaker try to explain?
A) How listeners in different cultures show respect
B) How speakers can win approval from the audience
C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience
D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are
【答案】A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.


Passage Two

Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees that Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.
【聽(tīng)力點(diǎn)睛】這篇文章講述了Chris在職場(chǎng)上的一次經(jīng)歷。Chris在Taxlong公司負(fù)責(zé)采購(gòu)和維修設(shè)備。他即將要和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)針對(duì)過(guò)去一年的工作進(jìn)行一個(gè)回顧總結(jié)，他心里希望可以得到晉升。在過(guò)去這一年里，他也做了不少貢獻(xiàn)，買了許多能夠提高效率的設(shè)備，但是他手下有兩個(gè)職員因?yàn)橥蹈`而被開(kāi)除了。除此以外，公司里面還有一個(gè)女同事Kim，是他這次晉級(jí)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，她也一樣很優(yōu)秀。
這篇文章沒(méi)有什么生詞，難度較低。題目中考察細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題比較多，需要同學(xué)們可以準(zhǔn)確地在看到題目之后locate文章中對(duì)應(yīng)題目的是哪一部分。

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. What is Chris’s main responsibility at Taxlong Company?
A) Directing personnel evaluation.
B) Buying and maintain equipment.
C) Drawing up plans for in-service training.
D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.
【答案】 B) Buying and maintain equipment.

30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?
A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.
B) The training program he ran was failure.
C) Two of his workers were injured at work.
D) Two of his employees committed theft.
【答案】D)Two of his employees committed theft.

31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?
A) A better relationship with his boss.
B) Advancement to a higher position
C) A better-paying job in another company
D) Improvement in the company’s management
【答案】B)Advancement to a higher position.

32 What do we learn about Kim from the passage?
A)She has more self-confidence than Chris.
B)She works with Chris in the same division.
C)She has more management experience than Chris.
D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.
【答案】D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.

Passage Three

Proverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too. If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.
【聽(tīng)力點(diǎn)睛】這篇文章是一篇說(shuō)明文。從科學(xué)客觀的角度講述了Proverb諺語(yǔ)的一些知識(shí)。包括它的定義-----是老一輩人傳給后代的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)，生活價(jià)值觀。不同國(guó)家，不同文化中的諺語(yǔ)往往可以揭示不同的價(jià)值觀。如果能夠理解其他文化的諺語(yǔ)，價(jià)值觀，那么會(huì)在跨文化交際中避免很多麻煩。
作者又提到，一些諺語(yǔ)年代久遠(yuǎn)。其中包含的價(jià)值觀隨著時(shí)代的變遷可能重要性也發(fā)生了改變。并且舉了Haste makes waste. 和Time is money. 這樣兩個(gè)例子。
作者最后再次表明，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)不同國(guó)家的諺語(yǔ)，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些國(guó)家會(huì)有相同或者相似的價(jià)值觀，只是有可能表達(dá)的方式有所不同而已。
這篇說(shuō)明文對(duì)考生的要求在于快速劃分出作者想說(shuō)明的幾個(gè)點(diǎn)。一般通常寫(xiě)說(shuō)明文章的順序都是先說(shuō)明要點(diǎn)，然后用一些事實(shí)來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。

Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. Why are proverbs so important?
A) They help us see the important values of a culture.
B) They guide us in handling human relationships.
C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.
D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.
【答案】A）They help us see the important values of a culture.

34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?
A)Their wordings may become different.
B) The values they reflect may change.
C)Their origins can no longer be traced.
D) They may be misinterpreted.
【答案】B) The values they reflect may change.

35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?
A)
B)
C)
D)
【答案】

復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)更新中……46

Section A

47 growth
48 stable
49 challenges
50 certainly
51 role
52 combined
53 significant
54 included
55 comprise
56 solutions
【解析】
這是一篇討論能源資源的說(shuō)明文，話題是考生比較熟悉的能源問(wèn)題，不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口與可再生資源的矛盾該如何解決。文中指出能源的一些可替代形式如生物能源、風(fēng)能太陽(yáng)能等可再生資源將在未來(lái)發(fā)揮越來(lái)越重要的作用。但是專家指出，即使這些資源儲(chǔ)備量驚人，但是到2050年也只能滿足世界30%的需求。文章最后兩段探討了各能源在市場(chǎng)上的需求，以及解決未來(lái)能源需求的其他方案。

總體來(lái)說(shuō)，這篇文章理解難度不大，填空難度適中，所選詞匯也都是四級(jí)考綱的詞匯。選項(xiàng)較具有干擾項(xiàng)，多為c和s開(kāi)頭的單詞，考生在考試時(shí)要特別注意。

Section B

Passage One

57, C encourage boys to express their emotions freely
58, A perform relatively better
59, C It fails to give boys the attention they need
60, A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys
61, C They have sharper vision
【解析】這篇文章針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的男女生一起上學(xué)，一起接受教育提出了質(zhì)疑。作者從文章一開(kāi)頭就表明了自己的看法：對(duì)于男生而言，單性教育，即男生們一起上學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)男生的身心發(fā)展更為有利。文中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，received wisdom，即是“人們普遍的看法，公認(rèn)的看法”。也是作者所批判的一種觀點(diǎn)。傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，男生和女生混合教育會(huì)對(duì)男生發(fā)展更有利。
但是作者認(rèn)為單性教育對(duì)男生有以下幾個(gè)好處：可以讓男生們更自由地表達(dá)自己的情感，可以學(xué)習(xí)自己感興趣的藝術(shù)，舞蹈，音樂(lè)等學(xué)科。不用去遵守人們?cè)趥鹘y(tǒng)印象中對(duì)男生的期盼。而且單性教育可以針對(duì)男生的身心發(fā)展特點(diǎn)而制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。
并且作者覺(jué)得，目前英國(guó)教育把女生當(dāng)做關(guān)注重點(diǎn)，忽視了對(duì)男生的重視。

Passage Two

62. C . It makes all the hard work worthwhile.
63. D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.
64. A. conflicts between couples tend to rise
65. D. men and women view money in different ways.
66. C. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship.
【解析】這是一篇關(guān)于金錢(qián)對(duì)夫妻關(guān)系的影響的文章。文中第一段主要通過(guò)度假這件事來(lái)體現(xiàn)不同人對(duì)待金錢(qián)的不同態(tài)度。作者認(rèn)為人只能活一次，如果不能去度假的話，那么工作再努力也沒(méi)有意義。第二段主要談到了大蕭條時(shí)期，不太良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況常常會(huì)影響夫妻關(guān)系，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致?tīng)?zhēng)吵，甚至?xí)?dǎo)致離婚或者分居的成本增加，對(duì)夫妻感情造成傷害。第三段講了Kim Stephenson，一個(gè)心理學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)，即男人和女人對(duì)待金錢(qián)的態(tài)度是不一樣的，男人把金錢(qián)看作是得到社會(huì)地位的途徑，看作向父母展現(xiàn)自己成功的一種方式。第四段，作者建議夫妻可以對(duì)金錢(qián)持有不同的觀點(diǎn)，但是不可以對(duì)它采取回避的態(tài)度，避而不談。
相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)，這篇文章的難度比較大。文章看懂并不難，但是題目中，推理題和大意題比較多，需要在充分理解作者意圖，了解文章主旨的基礎(chǔ)上，才能選出正確答案。

Part V Cloze

Employers fear they will be unable recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey 67.reveals.
Nearly half of organizations told researchers they were already struggling to find 68.staffwith skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM), 69.while even more companies expect to experience 70.shortages of employees with Stem skills in the next three years.
The Confederation of British Industry and the vocational qualifications body EDI 71.surveyed 694 organizations across the public and 72.private sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.
Half are 73.concerned they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to 74.recruit enough employees with the right A-level skills.
"75.As we move further into recovery and businesses plan 76.for growth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will 77.intensify," said Richard Lambert, director general, CBI.
"In the future, people with qualifications in science and maths will be particularly sought after, and firms say it is already hard to find people with the right 78.technical or engineering skills. The new government must make it a top 79.priority to encourage more young people to study science-related 80.subjects."
The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects 81.if they studied business studies, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels that employers82.rate least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don't insist on a 83.particular degree subject, a third prefer to hire those with a Stem-related subject.
The research 84.highlighted worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK 85.workforce. Half of employers expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and numeracy skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills, 86.where two-thirds reported concerns.
【評(píng)析】這是一篇討論“雇主和他們所需要的大學(xué)生技能” 的文章。今年四級(jí)的完型填空，涉及5處名詞，2處介詞，6處動(dòng)詞，4處形容詞和3處副詞。第82題稍難，像80和85都可以通過(guò)上下文判斷出來(lái)，其余部分只要在句子內(nèi)部或者句子之間進(jìn)行上下文邏輯比對(duì)或語(yǔ)法搭配，即可完成。詞義辨析考查較多，考查學(xué)生詞匯的儲(chǔ)備量，因此，考生要特別注意四級(jí)詞匯的牢固掌握。

【答案】

67.reveals
68.staff
69.while
70.shortages
71.surveyed
72.private
73.concerned
74.recruit
75.As
76.for
77.intensify
78.technical
79.priority
80.subjects
81.if
82.rate
83.particular
84.highlighted
85.workforce
86.where

67.
【答案】reveals
【解析】第一段提出話題，“據(jù)一項(xiàng)最新調(diào)查顯示，現(xiàn)在的雇主們害怕他們雇不到符合要求的畢業(yè)生”，launch意思為“發(fā)起一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)”，submit意為“提交，服從”，generate生成，reveal透露，揭露，顯示。這里根據(jù)段意，reveal最合適。

68.
【答案】staff
【解析】根據(jù)句意，基本有一半的組織機(jī)構(gòu)告訴調(diào)查者他們?cè)谂ふ揖哂兴膫€(gè)方面（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）才能的職員。這里partners，audience, officials顯然不符合題意。

69.
【答案】while
【解析】這里和前面已經(jīng)敘述的事實(shí)構(gòu)成并列，“同時(shí)，更多公司預(yù)測(cè)，接下來(lái)的三年他們都將會(huì)遭遇雇員四缺現(xiàn)象（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)技能欠缺）”，因此排除其他三項(xiàng)。選while。

70.
【答案】shortages
【解析】由第二段句首struggling可判斷，機(jī)構(gòu)組織尋找這些人才非常不易，那么這種人才顯然是不夠的，短缺的。absence是表示“缺席，不在”，不能描述短缺，因此排除。此題的另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵是確定experience的詞性，動(dòng)詞。

71.
【答案】surveyed
【解析】第三段用一句話簡(jiǎn)介經(jīng)過(guò)工業(yè)聯(lián)盟調(diào)查了69個(gè)行業(yè)和組織，首先排除D和C，search是指搜查；細(xì)查某處以搜尋某人或某物，搜索；而survey是指調(diào)查某部分人的行為、意見(jiàn)等（通常以詢問(wèn)方式進(jìn)行），符合題意。

72.
【答案】private
【解析】根據(jù)上一題的意思，調(diào)查在公共和私人部門(mén)中展開(kāi)，后面一句的together暗示and后面的這個(gè)空是和“公共的”對(duì)立的，因此填private。

73.
【答案】concerned
【解析】第四段描寫(xiě)了這個(gè)調(diào)查的具體情況。有一半人…，這里缺少動(dòng)詞，confront一般和with連用，conform 符合，遵照，confuse 使混亂，使困惑，這里根據(jù)上下文的意思，雇主們都擔(dān)心這種現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生，因此選concerned, be concerned 擔(dān)心的，煩惱的，憂慮的。

74.
【答案】recruit
【解析】本題考查詞義辨析，三分之一的被調(diào)查者坦言他們可能顧不到符合相應(yīng)資質(zhì)的雇員，只有recruit符合題意。

75.
【答案】As
【解析】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，前半句是一個(gè)伴隨狀語(yǔ)，“隨著…的深入進(jìn)行，…需求越來(lái)越強(qiáng)”，而不是條件狀語(yǔ)或讓步狀語(yǔ)。

76.
【答案】for
【解析】這里考查介詞搭配。這里側(cè)重于描述執(zhí)行進(jìn)展的計(jì)劃的目的，選for。

77.
【答案】intensify
【解析】本題考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)前文，這種需求是不斷增加的，intensify 增強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)化，變激烈；dominate指在…中占主導(dǎo)地位，這里并沒(méi)有給出一個(gè)具體的范圍，不符合句意。enforce 實(shí)施，執(zhí)行；stretch 伸展。

78.
【答案】technical
【解析】本題比較簡(jiǎn)單，屬于送分題。前賣第二段已經(jīng)指出在四個(gè)方面技能欠缺，選項(xiàng)中顯然只有technical符合文意。

79.
【答案】priority
【解析】這里考查短語(yǔ)固定搭配。make…a top priority 讓…成為首要任務(wù)，當(dāng)務(wù)之急。

80.
【答案】subjects
【解析】這里鼓勵(lì)年輕人學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)相關(guān)的學(xué)科，從倒數(shù)第二段也可判斷。academy 學(xué)院，研究院； procedure 步驟，程序，thought 思想，不符題意，排除。

81.
【答案】if
【解析】這里考查考生對(duì)前后兩個(gè)完整的句子的關(guān)系的理解，主句中的would是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的標(biāo)志詞，據(jù)此代入選項(xiàng)if，通讀上下文，符合題意之后確定。

82.
【答案】rate
【解析】詞義辨析題。rate評(píng)定某人、某事物的價(jià)值；order 命令，整理；discuss 討論，論述，observe 觀察，遵守。根據(jù)文意，雇主們認(rèn)為A-levels中價(jià)值最低的學(xué)科是心理學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)，因此選rate。

83.
【答案】particular
【解析】文章指出現(xiàn)在雇主們需要的是具備Stem四方面素質(zhì)的人才，因此許多雇主們不贊成對(duì)某一特殊學(xué)科的專業(yè)學(xué)位，而非typical典型的，general一般的，或者是積極的positive。

84.
【答案】highlighted
【解析】詞義辨析題。根據(jù)最后一句，該研究“強(qiáng)調(diào)” 對(duì)…的擔(dān)憂, focus一般和on連用，其余兩項(xiàng)意義不符。

85.
【答案】workforce
【解析】詞義辨析題?！疤岣哂?guó)勞動(dòng)力的基本技能”，masses 民眾，faculty 全體教員，community 社區(qū)，團(tuán)體；整篇文章都在討論就業(yè)和雇傭，顯然選workforce。

86.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞。這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句完整，由此判斷缺少關(guān)系副詞，首先排除A,B兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞,再根據(jù)意思排除why。

Part VI Translation

87. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (為地震幸存者籌款)
【解析】本題考察動(dòng)詞raise的用法。raise money 表示“籌款”。同時(shí)考生要注意survivor （幸存者）的拼寫(xiě)。

88. Linda couldn’t have received my e-mail (不可能收到我的電子郵件), otherwise, she could have replied.
【解析】本題考察混合型虛擬語(yǔ)氣。otherwise提示我們句子后半句是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反（事實(shí)是Linda沒(méi)有回復(fù)），因此用could+have+過(guò)去分詞。句子前半句是在陳述一種事實(shí)，從句子后半句could have +過(guò)去分詞我們可以推斷前面“沒(méi)有收到我的電子郵件”也是在發(fā)生在過(guò)去，且對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響（還沒(méi)有收到回信），因此這里用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，could have +過(guò)去分詞。

89. It’s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓勵(lì)我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study.
【解析】本題考察了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和動(dòng)詞encourage的搭配。①?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句型it’s … that/who… ②encourage sb. (not) to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人（不）做某事。

90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考慮這本小說(shuō)的受歡迎程度)。
【解析】本題考察了“考慮”的表達(dá)，可以用動(dòng)詞consider，也可以用詞組take… into consideration。同時(shí)考生要注意名詞popularity (受歡迎程度) 的拼寫(xiě)。

91. It’s wrong to define happiness only by money.(僅僅以金錢(qián)來(lái)定義幸福)